EP0302909B1 - Befestigungselement mit einer grossflächigen unterlegscheibe - Google Patents

Befestigungselement mit einer grossflächigen unterlegscheibe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0302909B1
EP0302909B1 EP88901240A EP88901240A EP0302909B1 EP 0302909 B1 EP0302909 B1 EP 0302909B1 EP 88901240 A EP88901240 A EP 88901240A EP 88901240 A EP88901240 A EP 88901240A EP 0302909 B1 EP0302909 B1 EP 0302909B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extension
fastening element
element according
washer
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88901240A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0302909A1 (de
Inventor
Gerhard Bögel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SFS Stadler Holding AG
Original Assignee
SFS Stadler Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SFS Stadler Holding AG filed Critical SFS Stadler Holding AG
Publication of EP0302909A1 publication Critical patent/EP0302909A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0302909B1 publication Critical patent/EP0302909B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/3601—Connecting; Fastening of roof covering supported by the roof structure with interposition of a insulating layer
    • E04D3/3603—Connecting; Fastening of roof covering supported by the roof structure with interposition of a insulating layer the fastening means being screws or nails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D15/00—Apparatus or tools for roof working
    • E04D15/04—Apparatus or tools for roof working for roof coverings comprising slabs, sheets or flexible material
    • E04D2015/042—Fixing to the roof supporting structure
    • E04D2015/047—Fixing to the roof supporting structure by screwing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fastening element with a large-area washer and a tubular extension formed thereon for the passage and telescopically displaceable guidance of a screw, the free inside diameter of the extension corresponding approximately over its greatest length to the outside diameter of the head of the screw to be used.
  • Such fasteners are usually used to fasten insulating materials on a solid surface, e.g. when fastening insulation panels to roofs. If materials have to be transported on a roof, it can happen that, for example, a worker steps on a washer or in the immediate vicinity, or that a vehicle or tools drive over the washer. Such localized forces result in the screw head pushing through the applied seal or the washer piercing the roofing membrane applied to the insulating material.
  • Fastening elements of the type described above are e.g. in DE-A-3539752 (republished), in AT-B-380.051 and in GB-A-1.499.224.
  • a tubular extension in which the screw is inserted, is arranged on the relatively large-area washer. The head of the screw lies within this tubular extension and is arranged relatively far recessed with respect to the top of the washer, so that the required screw length is significantly reduced. The thickness of the insulating materials to be fastened can therefore be bridged by the interaction of the length of the tubular extension and the length of the screw.
  • Another known embodiment is a fastening element for fastening heat-insulating plates in which a large-area washer, a tubular dowel and a screw are provided.
  • This tubular dowel is led from the washer into the solid base and is therefore also referred to in this embodiment as a hollow anchoring bolt.
  • the screw could move in the axial direction with respect to this tubular dowel. Axial displaceability between this tubular dowel and the screw is therefore completely ruled out, so that these two parts could not telescopically move into one another.
  • the present invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a fastener of the type mentioned, which is very simple to manufacture and can be packaged, transported and used in the best possible way in an economically optimal manner.
  • the washer and the tubular extension are designed as separately manufactured parts and that the tubular extension has a collar, projecting lugs, pins, knobs or the like at its end facing the washer and the section of the tubular extension adjoining this end region Approximately the passage cross-section corresponds to an opening in the washer, the washer being tiltable in the manner of a joint relative to the tubular extension, and that the free end of the extension for producing a frictionally locking bracket between the extension and the screw used on the shaft or thread outer diameter the screw to be inserted is narrowed, so that the tubular extensions can be pre-stored with inserted screws.
  • the separate production of the washer and the tubular extension in turn results in a type of joint between the washer and the screw part, so that a special sure-footedness is guaranteed.
  • the washer can also tilt in such an embodiment with respect to the tubular extension, so that a one-sided load can be absorbed without problems.
  • a very important advantage that can be achieved by these measures according to the invention is the optimal possibility of magazining the individual parts of the fastening element.
  • the relatively flat washers and the tubular extensions with the screws used can be individually packaged and pre-stored very easily, magazine storage of the screws already inserted in the tubular extensions being possible in a simple manner. It is therefore only necessary to feed the correspondingly arranged washers laterally into the setting tools, so that even when using fastening elements according to the invention, the setting of the screws is very economical.
  • the fastening element consists of a screw 4 and a relatively large washer 5, which carries a tubular extension 6.
  • a first exemplary embodiment of such a fastening element is to be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7.
  • the washer 5 and the tubular extension 6 are designed as separately manufactured parts, the tubular extension 6 having a collar 7 at its end facing the washer 5.
  • projecting lugs, pins, knobs or the like can be provided instead of the collar 7 or in addition to the collar 7.
  • the one to the federal government 7 adjoining section 8 of the tubular extension 6 is approximately adapted to the passage cross section of an opening 9 in the washer 5.
  • the screw 4 has a head 10, a thread-free shaft section 11, a threaded section 12 and a self-drilling tip 13.
  • the diameter of the shaft section 11 corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the threaded section 12, the through opening 14 at the other free end of the tubular extension 6 also being matched to this diameter.
  • the diameter of the screw head 10 corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the cylinder section 15 in the tubular extension 6. It is therefore not only an optimal mounting between the tubular extension 6 and the screw 4 is given, but also a mutual centering, so that an exact setting during the screwing process is guaranteed is. With such an arrangement of a screw 4, an internal drive 16 is possible in a simple manner.
  • the tubular extension 6 and the washer 5 Due to the separate production of the tubular extension 6 and the washer 5, e.g. the washer 5 made of metal and the tubular extension 6 made of plastic.
  • the easiest way to implement the plastic extension is between the screw and the washer.
  • the measures can also be provided which result in simple pre-magazination of the tubular extension 6 with the screw 4 and, in the case of a screw 4 with an internal drive 16, good guidance of the fastening element when setting by hand.
  • this allows feeding via a loose pre-magazine and ultimately the fastening element can also be introduced into a magazine strip for an automatic screwing machine.
  • the washers, if they are made of metal, can be fed without problems in the known screwing machines.
  • both the washer 5 and the tubular extension 6 may be expedient to manufacture both the washer 5 and the tubular extension 6 from plastic.
  • a further variant results from the separation of the individual parts, since this enables the washer 5 and / or the tubular extension 6 and / or the screw 4 to be made of stainless material. This is an important factor for fastenings that are exposed to the weather or any moisture. Some or all of a screw can be made of stainless austenitic steel. It is also conceivable to produce a screw from two or more sections with different materials or different material structures and / or different hardening, the individual sections being assembled by welding, gluing or the like. Such a solution would also be possible for the tubular extension 6 if the fastening element is seen for special types of use.
  • the tubular extension 6 could therefore also be composed of two or more sections of different material, different material structure and / or different hardening by welding, gluing or the like.
  • the end 17 of the tubular extension 6 protruding from the washer 5 when in use is conically tapered on the outside. This results in a very simple pressing into the flexible insulating material during screwing in. There is therefore practically no resistance to the tubular extension.
  • the washer 5 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6 is bulged.
  • the washer 5 has a central, conically or multiply graduated opening 9, the peripheral edge 18 of the washer 5 and the opening edge 19 of the central opening 9 being approximately on one plane.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the collar 7 formed on the extension 6 is approximately adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the recess 20 in the washer 5.
  • FIG. 8 A further embodiment of a screw 4 to be inserted is shown in FIG. 8.
  • This screw has a circumferential collar 21 at a distance from the screw head 10, on which the lower free end of the tubular extension 6 can be supported. This provides additional security against further treading when the unit formed from extension 6 and washer 5 is loaded.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 A further embodiment of the fastening element is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • a screw 4 is used here, in which the outside diameter of the threaded section 12 is larger than the outside diameter of the shaft section 11.
  • the diameter of the free passage at the end region 17 of the extension 6 corresponds approximately to the outside diameter of the threaded section 12 of the screw 4
  • Adequate guidance and retention of the screw shaft 11 is achieved in the extension, a sleeve 22 can be placed on the screw shaft 11, the outer diameter of which in turn corresponds to the outer diameter of the threaded portion 12 and can therefore be fitted exactly into the free end 17 of the tubular extension 6. So that this sleeve 22 can be easily placed on the shaft portion 11 of the screw 4, it has a continuous longitudinal slot 23, so that a lateral attachment of the sleeve 22 is possible.
  • the extension 6 at its one free end can be separated at an acute angle to its longitudinal axis, so that a kind of cutting edge 24 is formed. This not only facilitates pressing in in the axial direction, but also leads to easy penetration into the insulating material underneath when the extension 6 is also rotated with the screw 4. From this Fig. 11 it can also be seen that the extension 6 has at its end associated with the washer 5 in pairs opposite projecting pins 25. These projecting pins 25 result in an excellent possibility of magazining or the proper feeding of the extensions or the extensions already pre-magazised with screws to a setting tool. 11, these pins 25 project radially from the collar 7 formed at the free end of the extension 6. In further exemplary embodiments, for example FIGS.
  • these pins 25 are connected to the collar 7 against the other free end 17 of the extension 6 directed.
  • these projecting pins 25 are rounded on the surface 26 directed against the free end 17 of the extension 6.
  • the tubular extension 6 is to be made with any length, that is also with a relatively short axial extent.
  • a washer is also laid directly on e.g. Wooden formwork is required, which includes occurs in domed buildings. This allows a washer with a large opening to be fixed with a normal countersunk head fastener.
  • fasteners designed for anchoring in thin sheet metal, even with a large external thread diameter, e.g. can be used for gas concrete.
  • Such a fastener can then still be inserted through the washer.
  • FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of a washer 5 as has been used up to now, such an embodiment of a washer 5 also being able to be used in the same way in the construction of a fastening element according to the invention.
  • a washer 5 with the recess 20 drawn inward is of course only to be used if a correspondingly flexible material, e.g. Insulating material to be attached.
  • a collar 7 is arranged at one end of the tubular extension 6, which is approximately square in plan view.
  • the square design of the collar 7, which is square in plan view results in an optimal guiding possibility when feeding the extensions 6 in a magazine channel, since each of the pins 25 projecting in the axial direction can slide exactly on the guideways, especially since the side faces 27 of the collar 7 are lateral Prevent swiveling.
  • the collar 7 arranged at one end of the extension 6 is also laterally delimited with two flat surfaces 28, which in turn are used for guiding in a magazine channel.
  • the lower limit 29 of the collar 7 is rounded, so that the tubular extension 6 can pivot in a simple manner about an axis lying in the plane of the washer. As a result, there is an additional possibility of compensation between the washer 5 and the extension 6, in particular when there is a lateral load on the washer 5.
  • FIG. 15 An individual supply of tubular extensions 6 is shown schematically in FIG. 15, the extensions 6 also being able to be fitted with the corresponding screws.
  • These extensions 6 are inserted from above in the direction of the arrow 30 into a tubular section 31, the position of the laterally projecting pins 25 in the region of the collar 7 being immaterial during insertion.
  • sloping guide surfaces 32 are provided, on which the protruding pins 25 impinge.
  • the tubular extension 6 is thus immediately oriented, so that the protruding pins 25 engage in the guide slots 33 which laterally adjoin the guide surfaces 32.
  • These guide slots 33 are then guided in a guide channel 34 to the place of use, that is to say below the screwing device.
  • FIG. 16 shows how the individual tubular extensions 6 can be pre-magazineed and fed in succession on an inclined guideway 35.
  • the protruding pins 25 are supported on the guideways 35 provided on both sides, the lateral distance being ensured by the mutual abutment of the tubular extensions 6 themselves.
  • the same possibility naturally also arises with relatively short tubular extensions 6, as shown in FIG. 18.
  • An optimal vertical alignment of the extensions 6 is of course given when in the Extensions 6, the screws are already inserted and thus the required weight causes vertical alignment.
  • FIG. 19 shows a schematic structure of a setting device, in which a washer 5 can be fed in after each setting process via an inclined chute 36.
  • the tubular extensions 6 already equipped with the screws 4 can be fed individually through a channel 37 so that they come into the position of the screw axis 38.
  • the unit formed from screw 4 and extension 6 remains in this position until the screw nut engages in the drive of the screw head by means of corresponding spring-back brackets 39 which engage behind the collar 7 of the tubular extension 6.
  • a pre-magazine feed is possible if a corresponding feed device is provided on the input side of the channel 37.
  • FIGS. 21 to 23 A further embodiment of an extension 6 can be seen from FIGS. 21 to 23, this extension 6 being formed from a plurality of sleeves 39 to 42 which are pushed coaxially into one another and are mutually fixed. An even simpler version is obtained when the extension 6 is made as a part wound from a sheet metal blank in a multi-layered manner.
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 21 to 23 can thus be formed from individual sleeves 39 to 42 or just from several layers 39 to 42 of a flat sheet metal blank that has been wound up accordingly.
  • the outermost sleeve 39 or the outer layer 39 has at one end at least two diametrically opposed, nose-shaped bulges 43, which practically correspond to the collar 7 according to the embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • the outermost sleeve 39 or the corresponding outermost layer can have an inwardly pressed tab, nose 44 or the like when manufactured from a sheet metal blank in the guide area for the screw head 20. This provides security against the washer 5 coming down together with the tubular extension 6 relative to the screw 4.
  • a window 45 punched out on opposite sides a projecting nose 25 is formed, which in turn can be used as a support and guide on a corresponding guideway 35. By the side boundaries 46 of this punched-out window 45 is then also provided in the guide section for securing the tubular extension 6 against rotation.
  • FIGS. 24 and 25 A special embodiment of a tubular extension 6 is shown in FIGS. 24 and 25.
  • the collar 7 is aligned at one end of the extension 6 at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the extension 6. The angle corresponds to the direction of inclination of a guide track 35 for the pre-magazine feeding of these extensions 6 together with the screws 4.
  • a special design of the washer 5 is required in such an arrangement.
  • the tubular extension 6 is also made from a sheet metal blank, which is formed into a tubular body after the stamping process.
  • a compact tubular extension 6 is achieved by means of bent tabs 48. It is essential in such an embodiment that cutting edges 49 projecting laterally from the free end 17 of the tubular extension 6 in the radial direction are formed. As a result, when the tubular extension 6 rotates, an opening is made in the insulating material, that is to say practically a corresponding opening is drilled out. In this embodiment too, bulges 43 diametrically opposite one another are provided instead of a collar 7.
  • brackets 27 and 28 are provided on the extension 6 in the manner of a wall plug projecting against the direction of insertion, resiliently pushable bracket 50.
  • the tubular extension 6 can still be inserted through the opening in the washer 5, which bracket 50 then put on accordingly.
  • These brackets relax again in the soft insulation material and provide rotation retention there.
  • an embodiment is also provided at the conical end 17 of the extension 6 that, with certainty, a clamping or braking effect is generated. This can also change the loose turning properties of a screw be improved.
  • the brackets 50 projecting on the extension 6 are offset by 90 ° to the pins 25 arranged on the collar 7. From Fig. 28 it can be seen that these pins 25 can slide on a guideway 35 and that in such a case the projecting brackets 50 of the successive extensions 6 bring about the proper mutual spacing of the tubular extensions 6.
  • the collar 7 has flattened areas 51 in the region of the projecting pins 25 which are oriented transversely to these projecting pins 25.
  • the flattenings cause, among other possibilities, proper lateral guidance in a magazine channel, so that twisting of the extensions 6 is not possible during the feeding, and thus malfunctions in the feeding can be eliminated.
  • the collar 7 can have different cross-sectional shapes which, depending on the intended use, turn out to be positive.
  • a plurality of tubular extensions 6 aligned parallel to one another can be connected to one another via separable or tear-off webs.
  • a mutual connection of adjacent extensions 6 via the projecting brackets 50 according to FIG. 27. It is also possible to carry out a pre-magazination together with the screws, so that a much faster setting process is possible.
  • FIG. 31 An embodiment according to FIG. 31 is also possible within the scope of the invention, in which the collar 7 is bulged at one end of the extension 6, so that it would also be possible, among other things, to insert this collar 7 into a correspondingly shaped opening on a washer 5 to snap into place.
  • simple guidance is also ensured in the case of a magazine feed, since there are currently no large lateral surfaces in contact with corresponding guide walls.
  • the collar 7 has a cuboidal outer contour at the upper end of the extension 6.
  • Shaping is possible in a simple manner to stack the extensions or also extensions pre-stored with screws, since the flat sides of the collar can be placed against each other. If, as shown in FIG. 32, laterally protruding pins 25 are provided, then of course stacking is only possible in one direction.
  • This design of the extension in the form of a cylindrical tube with the subsequent parallelepipedal collar 7 makes it very easy to form a stack, whether any screws have either already been inserted as far as the position of use or are even protruding on both sides for handling advantages. This enables magazine storage later without additional aids.
  • a frictional connection between the screw or the screw head and the tubular extension 6 can take place.
  • One or more ribs 60 running in the axial direction are provided on the opening wall within the extension 6. It is also conceivable that the free ends of these ribs enclose a cylindrical contour and thus rest at several circumferential locations of the screw shank or the screw head by appropriate angular displacement and thus create a centering and a frictional connection.
  • the tubular section of the extension 6 is conical, that is to say that the cross section of the extension 6 adjoining the collar 7 is circular, whereas the section 62 facing the free end is elliptical in cross section. This is also evident from the dimensions A and B given in the drawings.
  • the free end 17 of the extension 6 can then in turn merge into a circular end cross section. So that proper stackability due to the approximately rectangular bundle 7 is still possible, a web 61 is additionally provided, at least on two opposite sides, so that over a relatively long distance based on the length of the extension 6, the same dimension A for one another to be stacked extensions 6 is guaranteed.
  • the approximately cuboidal outer contour of collar 7 additionally ensures that the fastener is secured against rotation when this collar 7 engages, for example, in a square opening of the washer 5.
  • the fastener according to the invention is used against masonry or against concrete, a pre-drilling of a hole is usually required, but due to the optimal magazines possibility of the fastener according to the invention, a wall plug can already be placed on the free end of the screw and thus also pre-magazined.
  • the pre-stored successive tubular extensions are expediently offset from one another in terms of height, so that the imaginary planes through the free ends of the extensions extend at an acute angle to the longitudinal axes of the extensions. There is therefore a proper feeding or slipping in correspondingly inclined guideways.
  • the fastening element according to the invention can optimally solve a multitude of requirements for such fastening elements.
  • An economical setting is possible to ensure the corrosion resistance of the fastening, there is an anti-rotation lock, the retention of the roofing membrane and thus long-term security when fastening insulation materials, especially on a roof, is possible.
  • a number of measures are necessary, which can be solved by the embodiments according to the invention.
  • this tubular extension is intended to form a telescopic element, have means for pre-magazining which can preclude climbing over, blocking the fasteners in the inclined feed and further a frictional connection is made between the screw fastener and the washer, so that loosening of the fastening element can be prevented.
  • extension is provided on its outer circumference with projecting ribs, grooves, grooves or tooth-like projections.
  • the tooth-like projections can be sawtooth-shaped. Therefore, not only is the screw frictionally connected to the extension, but there is also a frictional connection between the extension and the insulation or roofing membrane.
  • Pre-storage could also be carried out directly with the metallic fasteners. Then, however, the telescope effect could no longer be used, which is advantageous for the large insulation thicknesses. It is therefore currently a one-off production of tubular extensions of any length the most advantageous type of manufacture and also for packaging.
  • a contiguous production e.g. in a plastic injection molding process, very useful.
  • a bar magazine possibly already filled with screws, can be fed to a setting device. Such a rod then only has to be threaded into the setting device, so that, for example, 20 or even 40 fastening elements can then be preloaded at once.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
EP88901240A 1987-01-21 1988-01-13 Befestigungselement mit einer grossflächigen unterlegscheibe Expired - Lifetime EP0302909B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT104/87 1987-01-21
AT10487 1987-01-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0302909A1 EP0302909A1 (de) 1989-02-15
EP0302909B1 true EP0302909B1 (de) 1991-06-19

Family

ID=3481622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88901240A Expired - Lifetime EP0302909B1 (de) 1987-01-21 1988-01-13 Befestigungselement mit einer grossflächigen unterlegscheibe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5066181A (da)
EP (1) EP0302909B1 (da)
AU (1) AU1224088A (da)
CA (1) CA1290600C (da)
DK (1) DK159833C (da)
FI (1) FI87678C (da)
WO (1) WO1988005487A1 (da)

Cited By (2)

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DE4240605A1 (de) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-09 Hardo Befestigungen Gmbh Befestigungselement
EP3181769A1 (de) 2015-12-18 2017-06-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Befestigungselement zum befestigen einer isolierung an einer wand

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GB2569971A (en) * 2018-01-04 2019-07-10 Titus D O O Dekani Improvements in fasteners
EP3894653B1 (en) 2019-02-28 2025-04-16 IPH International Pty Ltd Intruder resistant screen
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DE4240605A1 (de) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-09 Hardo Befestigungen Gmbh Befestigungselement
EP3181769A1 (de) 2015-12-18 2017-06-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Befestigungselement zum befestigen einer isolierung an einer wand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1290600C (en) 1991-10-15
WO1988005487A1 (fr) 1988-07-28
DK159833B (da) 1990-12-10
FI87678B (fi) 1992-10-30
DK520888A (da) 1988-09-19
EP0302909A1 (de) 1989-02-15
FI87678C (fi) 1993-02-10
FI884312A0 (fi) 1988-09-20
DK159833C (da) 1991-05-06
AU1224088A (en) 1988-08-10
DK520888D0 (da) 1988-09-19
US5066181A (en) 1991-11-19
FI884312L (fi) 1988-09-20

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