EP0312162B1 - Moteur à combustion interne à deux temps - Google Patents

Moteur à combustion interne à deux temps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0312162B1
EP0312162B1 EP19880202227 EP88202227A EP0312162B1 EP 0312162 B1 EP0312162 B1 EP 0312162B1 EP 19880202227 EP19880202227 EP 19880202227 EP 88202227 A EP88202227 A EP 88202227A EP 0312162 B1 EP0312162 B1 EP 0312162B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
skirt
uninterrupted
stroke
axially extending
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19880202227
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0312162A2 (fr
EP0312162A3 (en
Inventor
Christopher Robin Harland
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
T&N Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by T&N Technology Ltd filed Critical T&N Technology Ltd
Publication of EP0312162A2 publication Critical patent/EP0312162A2/fr
Publication of EP0312162A3 publication Critical patent/EP0312162A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0312162B1 publication Critical patent/EP0312162B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/24—Pistons  having means for guiding gases in cylinders, e.g. for guiding scavenging charge in two-stroke engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F02F1/22—Other cylinders characterised by having ports in cylinder wall for scavenging or charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pistons and particularly to pistons for two-stroke engines.
  • FR-A-545 665 shows an aperture cut into the conventional skirt wall of a piston for a two stroke engine.
  • GB-A-308506 is directed to a cooling arrangement for a piston for a two-stroke engine, the piston having a full skirt except for an aperture formed therein for the cooling arrangement.
  • WO-A-8601858 shows each thrust face of a piston for a four-stroke diesel engine comprising two axially spaced lands, the piston being symmetrical in relation to the skirt. Each land is supported by struts extending from the gudgeon pin bosses.
  • DE-A-3523438 describes a piston for a four-stroke engine having a small skirt portion depending from the lower end of the piston ring groove band and, on the opposite side, a skirt position, spaced apart from the crown and of much greater circumferential extent. The proportions of this piston preclude it from application in two-stroke engines.
  • a piston for a two-stroke internal combustion engine having an exhaust port and at least one transfer port in a cylinder
  • the piston having a crown member and a skirt
  • the skirt comprising an axially extending, uninterrupted, circumferentially-limited skirt portion depending from the crown member and a skirt land portion which is circumferentially spaced apart from the uninterrupted skirt portion, is axially spaced apart from the crown member and is supported on struts extending from gudgeon pin bosses characterised in that in use the axially extending, uninterrupted skirt portion traverses the exhaust port of the cooperating cylinder to maintain that exhaust port closed during the induction compression stroke of the piston and the skirt land portion traverses the at least one transfer port of the cooperating cylinder.
  • the spaced-apart skirt portion may allow charge circulation around all the transfer ports, if the engine has more than one, or around only a proportion of the transfer ports.
  • the spaced-apart skirt portion may be formed by forming an aperture in the skirt of a conventional full skirted piston.
  • the spaced-apart skirt portion comprises a skirt land supported on struts depending from the gudgeon pin bosses. This has been found to provide a stronger piston than that produced by opening up of a conventional full-skirted piston.
  • Pistons according to the present invention may also be lighter and have lower friction in operation.
  • the uninterrupted skirt portion may depend from the crown and may be additionally supported by the gudgeon pin bosses from ribs or webs etc. extending therebetween.
  • a further advantage conferred by a piston according to the invention is that increased turbulence in the fresh charge may enhance mixing of the fuel, oil and air components producing enhanced combustion.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a piston.
  • the piston comprises a crown member 11 having one or more piston ring grooves and piston rings 12. Gudgeon-pin bosses 13 depend generally from the crown member 11. Depending from the bosses 13 is a skirt land 14 supported by strut members 15 therebetween. On the opposite side of the piston the skirt is an axially extending, uninterrupted portion 16 depending from the crown 11 and further supported by the gudgeon pin bosses 13.
  • the piston is connected to a crankshaft 17 by a connecting rod 18 (shown in part).
  • Axially extending between the skirt land 14 and the crown member is a clear space 20 which in radial extent encompasses the cylinder transfer parts as will be shown below.
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 show the piston 10 in a cylinder 22 having transfer passages 23 with ports 24 opening into the cylinder volume 25 and an exhaust port and passage 26.
  • the incoming charge 28 of fuel, air and oil enters the engine crankcase region 29 from a suitable carburettor (not shown) and porting 30.
  • the charge 28 is drawn into the crankcase 29 and due to the piston clear space 20 is able to circulate within the crankcase 29, the transfer passages 23 and in the space below the crown 11.
  • Arrows and curved lines 32 indicate circulation of charge.
  • the effect of charge circulation under the crown 11 is to improve cooling of the crown and lubrication of the small-end bearing. Enhanced turbulence may also improve mixing of the charge constituents.
  • the skirt portion 16 maintains the exhaust port 26 closed to the crankcase whilst the piston is on the induction and compression stroke.
  • the piston behaves in the normal manner of a two-stroke engine to compress the fuel charge in the crankcase 29 and expel it into the combustion volume via the ports 24 as they are uncovered by the piston. Firing and exhaust functions are as in a conventional two-stroke engine.
  • the piston shown in Figure 6 has the gudgeon pin bosses 13 depending from the crown 11 and the skirt portion 16 is largely self-supporting.
  • the piston above has a clear space 20 which allows charge circulation through all the transfer ports on the induction stroke, the clear space in other pistons may only extend to uncover part of the total transfer port area.
  • the engine inlet porting could be by reed valve, disc valve or piston controlled induction, for example.
  • the piston of the present invention may be used with fuel injection, only air being admitted via the induction and transfer porting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Moteur à combustion interne à deux temps, le moteur comportant une lumière d'échappement (26) et au moins une lumière de transfert (24) dans un cylindre (22), un piston comportant une couronne (11) et une jupe, la jupe comprenant une portion de jupe (16) s'étendant axialement, ininterrompue, limitée circonférentiellement, pendant depuis la couronne et une portion de facette de jupe (14) qui est espacée circonférentiellement de la portion de jupe ininterrompue, est espacée (20) axialement de la couronne et est supportée sur des jambes (15) s'étendant depuis des bossages d'axe de piston (13), caractérisé en ce que la portion de jupe (16) ininterrompue, s'étendant axialement, traverse la lumière d'échappement (26) du cylindre coopérant (22) pour maintenir cette lumière d'échappement fermée durant le temps d'admission et de compression du piston et la portion de facette de jupe (14) traverse ladite au moins une lumière de transfert (24) du cylindre coopérant (22).
  2. Moteur à deux temps selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étendue circonférentielle de la portion de jupe (16) ininterrompue, s'étendant axialement, du piston (10) est similaire ou supérieure à l'étendue circonférentielle de la portion de facette de jupe (14) axialement espacée.
  3. Moteur à deux temps selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la portion de jupe (16) ininterrompue, s'étendant axialement, du piston (10) est en outre supportée par des nervures ou côtes depuis les bossages d'axe de piston (13).
EP19880202227 1987-10-13 1988-10-06 Moteur à combustion interne à deux temps Expired EP0312162B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8724026 1987-10-13
GB878724026A GB8724026D0 (en) 1987-10-13 1987-10-13 Pistons

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0312162A2 EP0312162A2 (fr) 1989-04-19
EP0312162A3 EP0312162A3 (en) 1989-08-30
EP0312162B1 true EP0312162B1 (fr) 1992-04-01

Family

ID=10625260

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880202227 Expired EP0312162B1 (fr) 1987-10-13 1988-10-06 Moteur à combustion interne à deux temps

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0312162B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3869725D1 (fr)
GB (2) GB8724026D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19538407A1 (de) * 1995-10-16 1997-04-17 Mahle Gmbh Gegossener Leichmetallkolben für einen 2-Takt-Motor
SE517923C2 (sv) * 1997-12-30 2002-08-06 Volvo Car Corp Förbränningsmotor
DE10312092B4 (de) 2002-05-24 2013-10-10 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg Zweitaktmotor
JP2013503300A (ja) * 2009-08-27 2013-01-31 フェデラル−モーグル コーポレイション 低摩擦スカートを有するモノブロックピストン

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR545665A (fr) * 1922-01-06 1922-10-18 Piston pour moteurs à explosion à deux temps
GB308506A (en) * 1928-05-02 1929-03-28 Butterfields Ltd Improvements in the manufacture of pistons
FR1489476A (fr) * 1966-08-12 1967-07-21 Trw Inc Piston de moteur à jupe ondulée et à fonctionnement silencieux
BE758114A (fr) * 1969-10-29 1971-04-01 Emmaboda Glasverk Ab Prefectionnements aux pinces a vis pour empaqueter les feuillesde verr
GB8423050D0 (en) * 1984-09-12 1984-10-17 Ae Plc Pistons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0312162A2 (fr) 1989-04-19
GB8823517D0 (en) 1988-11-16
GB2210951A (en) 1989-06-21
GB2210951B (en) 1992-01-29
GB8724026D0 (en) 1987-11-18
DE3869725D1 (de) 1992-05-07
EP0312162A3 (en) 1989-08-30

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