EP0315091A2 - Déflecteurs dans un réservoir d'encre d'une machine à rotative - Google Patents

Déflecteurs dans un réservoir d'encre d'une machine à rotative Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0315091A2
EP0315091A2 EP88118056A EP88118056A EP0315091A2 EP 0315091 A2 EP0315091 A2 EP 0315091A2 EP 88118056 A EP88118056 A EP 88118056A EP 88118056 A EP88118056 A EP 88118056A EP 0315091 A2 EP0315091 A2 EP 0315091A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ink
profile body
anilox roller
application bar
rotary printing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88118056A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0315091A3 (en
EP0315091B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich Konrad Grosshauser
Willi Albert Peter Kutzner
Georg Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koenig and Bauer AG
Original Assignee
Koenig and Bauer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koenig and Bauer AG filed Critical Koenig and Bauer AG
Publication of EP0315091A2 publication Critical patent/EP0315091A2/fr
Publication of EP0315091A3 publication Critical patent/EP0315091A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0315091B1 publication Critical patent/EP0315091B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F31/00Inking arrangements or devices
    • B41F31/02Ducts, containers, supply or metering devices
    • B41F31/027Ink rail devices for inking ink rollers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F31/00Inking arrangements or devices
    • B41F31/02Ducts, containers, supply or metering devices
    • B41F31/03Ink agitators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ink application bar for a rinse inking unit of a rotary printing press according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE-OS 31 35 711 shows a flushing inking unit for a rotary printing press.
  • the flushing inking unit consists of an ink application bar and two doctor blades arranged above and below it, which together with an anilox roller form an ink distribution channel.
  • the cross section of this ink distribution channel is rectangular and each has an additional edge in the area of the doctor blade.
  • the US-PS 41 58 333 shows a flushing inking unit, which is also employed on an anilox roller having cups.
  • the flushing inking unit has a doctor blade arranged underneath and a number of vertical walls which are provided with openings.
  • a disadvantage of the one shown by the US-PS 41 58 333 The device is the suitability of the flushing inking unit for only one direction of rotation of the anilox roller.
  • the ink flow through stationary walls and openings does nothing to change the pressure of the ink on the anilox roller.
  • there is an extraordinarily large space requirement for the flushing inking unit which is many times larger than in the case of a conventional ink application bar.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an ink application bar for a rinse inking unit of a rotary printing press, which favors the flow of ink in the ink chamber.
  • the advantages of the invention are, in particular, that by building up a uniform ink flow without turbulence, even ink contact with the inking roller is possible even at high peripheral speeds, and ink liquid pressure can be regulated to better fill the cells of the inking roller.
  • a inking roller designed as anilox roller 1 is rotatably mounted in inking units (not shown).
  • the anilox roller 1 forms, with an ink application bar 2 arranged parallel to its axis of rotation, an upper doctor blade 3 and a lower doctor blade 4, a roller-long ink distribution chamber 6.
  • the ink distribution chamber 6 has smooth, rounded inner walls 7. In the middle of the ink distribution chamber 6 there is a hole 9 for the ink supply, which can be connected to an ink supply device, not shown.
  • the paint knife 3 is screwed from the outside to an upper slope 11, the doctor blade 4 from the outside to a lower slope 12 of the paint application bar 2.
  • the color distribution chamber 6 is covered on its end faces by means of side plates 14, 15 which, for. T.
  • a profile body 16 is pivotally mounted in side plates 23, 28 by means of shaft journals 19, 21 attached to its end faces 17, 18.
  • the side plates 23, 28 are each screwed to the side of the paint application bar 2, so that the side plates 14, 15 each between the paint application bar 2 and the side plates 23; 28 are arranged.
  • the profile body 16 is almost as long as a width b of the anilox roller 1.
  • the profile body 16 is elliptical in cross section.
  • a pivoting of the profile body 16 about its axis of rotation 22 thus results in a change in the smallest gap width S O.
  • the gap S is formed by the anilox roller 1 and the lateral surface 24 of the profile body 16 facing the anilox roller 1.
  • a force F of the ink in the gap S is greatest just before the smallest gap width S O , as seen in the direction of rotation of the anilox roller 1.
  • the load capacity f / b of the printing ink and thus the force of the ink on the cups 28 of the anilox roller 1 can be calculated using the following formula: (see also VDI research booklet 391, pages 82 - 85)
  • toughness of the color
  • r1 radius of the anilox roller 1
  • r2 radius of the outer surface 24 facing the anilox roller 1
  • v1 peripheral speed of the anilox roller 1
  • b length of the profile body 16.
  • a change in the smallest gap width S o thus has an immediate change in the force of the color on the Anilox roller 1 result.
  • the profile body 16 is pivoted by adjusting devices 31, 32 attached to the outside of the side plates 23, 28 in each case.
  • the adjusting devices 31, 32 each consist of an adjusting spindle 33, 34 which is passed through a threaded through hole 38; 39 one on the side plate 23; 28 attached bracket 36; 37 is screwed through.
  • At each end 41; 42 has the adjusting spindle 33; 34 a ball 43; 44, which in a vertical guide groove 46; 47 a lever 48; 49 engages.
  • the lever 48; 49 is on the through the side plate 14; 15 and the side plate 23; 28 protruding shaft journal 19; 21 rotatably arranged.
  • the adjusting spindle 33; 34 has an adjusting head 51; 52 on the z. B. can be knurled so that it is easy to use by hand. Of course, it is also possible to arrange a servomotor there for the purpose of remote adjustment.
  • the profile body 16 is by means of the adjusting devices 31, 32 from a central position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2, depending on the direction of rotation of the anilox roller 1 and the required force F of the ink on the anilox roller 1 by an angle ⁇ z. B. can be swung out ⁇ 20 °.
  • FIG. 1 shows with a solid line a pivoting position of the profile body 16 for an anilox roller rotation direction in the clockwise direction.
  • the dash-dotted line indicates a possible position of the profile body 16 for a direction of rotation of the anilox roller 1 counterclockwise.
  • profile bodies 53, 54, 55
  • 5 shows a cross section of the profile body 53 which has a convex shape on a side facing the anilox roller 1 and a concave shape on a color backflow side.
  • the ends of the profile body 53 are rounded, one rounding having a larger radius than the other (wing profile).
  • the profile body 54 in FIG. 6 essentially corresponds to the profile body 53, but with the same end radii.
  • the profile body 56 in FIG. 7 has two concave outer surfaces.
  • a cylindrical profile body 57 is arranged within a circular color distribution chamber 58.
  • the profile body 57 is rotatably mounted in the side plates 23, 28 and is set against the anilox roller 1.
  • the profile body 57 is driven by the anilox roller 1 by friction.
  • means for example, mounting the profile body 57 in eccentric bushes) for changing the center distance of the profile body 57 and anilox roller 1, as a result of which there is greater slippage between the anilox roller 1 and the profile body 57.

Landscapes

  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Rotary Presses (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
EP88118056A 1987-11-05 1988-10-29 Déflecteurs dans un réservoir d'encre d'une machine à rotative Expired - Lifetime EP0315091B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3737531 1987-11-05
DE19873737531 DE3737531A1 (de) 1987-11-05 1987-11-05 Farbauftragsleiste fuer ein spuelfarbwerk einer rotationsdruckmaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0315091A2 true EP0315091A2 (fr) 1989-05-10
EP0315091A3 EP0315091A3 (en) 1989-08-16
EP0315091B1 EP0315091B1 (fr) 1993-01-13

Family

ID=6339823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88118056A Expired - Lifetime EP0315091B1 (fr) 1987-11-05 1988-10-29 Déflecteurs dans un réservoir d'encre d'une machine à rotative

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4958561A (fr)
EP (1) EP0315091B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0741716B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3737531A1 (fr)
SU (1) SU1625327A3 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2676963A1 (fr) * 1991-05-28 1992-12-04 Koenig & Bauer Ag Racle pour un groupe encreur de machine a imprimer rotative.
EP0663293A1 (fr) * 1994-01-18 1995-07-19 MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG Dispositif pour encrer un rouleau tramé
US5520110A (en) * 1994-01-18 1996-05-28 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Process and device for filling depressions, such as cups or channels, on the cylindrical surface of a rotating cylindrical body
US6655280B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2003-12-02 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Inking unit in a printing machine having a chambered doctor blade and multiple inking zones
WO2008152050A1 (fr) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Racle de compartiment à encre dans un mécanisme d'encrage de presse rotative
US7995473B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2011-08-09 Velocix Ltd. Content delivery system for digital object
US8010748B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2011-08-30 Velocix Ltd. Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects
US8244867B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2012-08-14 Velocix Limited System and method for the location of caches
US9241032B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2016-01-19 Alcatel Lucent Storage performance

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4001733A1 (de) * 1990-01-22 1991-07-25 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Rakelvorrichtung fuer ein spuelfarbwerk einer rotationsdruckmaschine
DE4012825A1 (de) * 1990-04-23 1991-10-24 Koenig & Bauer Ag Kammerrakel
DE4138807C1 (en) * 1991-11-26 1993-06-03 Cornelis Wapenveld Nl Gorter Colour chamber doctor - is for colour-transfer, screened circular cylindrical body such as screen roller or engraved cylinder
DE4200837C2 (de) * 1992-01-15 1993-11-04 Koenig & Bauer Ag Kammerrakel fuer ein kurzfarbwerk einer rotationsdruckmaschine
DE4401299C2 (de) * 1994-01-18 1997-04-30 Roland Man Druckmasch Vorrichtung zum Einfärben einer Rasterwalze einer Rotationsdruckmaschine
DE4438262C2 (de) 1994-10-26 1996-09-05 Koenig & Bauer Albert Ag Rakeleinrichtung für ein Kurzfarbwerk einer Rotationsdruckmaschine
DE19536268C1 (de) * 1995-09-28 1997-02-06 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Rakelvorrichtung für ein Spülfarbwerk einer Rotationsdruckmaschine
DE19642399B4 (de) * 1995-10-14 2004-04-15 Techno Roll Co., Ltd., Izumi Druckfarbenwannenanordnung für eine Druckerpresse
US5826509A (en) * 1995-10-18 1998-10-27 Deneka; P. Kenneth Printing coating head device
DE19600651A1 (de) * 1996-01-10 1997-07-17 Polywest Kunststofftechnik Farbkammerrakel für einen farbübertragenden Körper
FR2758493B1 (fr) * 1997-01-17 1999-04-02 Soc Et De Machines Pour Les Ar Dispositif pour l'encrage d'un cylindre trame
NL1006861C2 (nl) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-02 Cornelis Gorter Kamerrakelsysteem.
US6210757B1 (en) 1998-03-23 2001-04-03 Black Clawson Company, Inc. Pressurized enclosed gravure applicator and method
GB9817194D0 (en) * 1998-08-07 1998-10-07 Hayneswood Engineering Sales L Coating apparatus
ITMI20031539A1 (it) * 2003-07-25 2003-10-24 Percivalle Special Converting S A S Di Percivall Unita' di inchiostrazione e raclatura per un gruppo di stampa e spalmatura rotocalcografica.
DE102006002170A1 (de) * 2006-01-17 2007-07-26 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Druckmaschine
DE102007010528B4 (de) * 2006-03-28 2017-10-19 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Druckmaschine und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb
CN101045366B (zh) 2006-03-28 2011-01-12 海德堡印刷机械股份公司 用于运行印刷机的方法

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE95770C (fr) *
US1778600A (en) * 1928-08-03 1930-10-14 Richard E Jones Method of and mechanism for agitating fluids and semifluids
DE1140587B (de) * 1957-07-26 1962-12-06 Harold W Gegenheimer Ruehrvorrichtung fuer Farbkaesten von Druckmaschinen
US3044396A (en) * 1959-01-02 1962-07-17 Carl Allers Ets Inking mechanism for intaglio printing machines
DE1621909A1 (de) * 1966-07-01 1971-08-19 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer UEberzugsfluessigkeit auf die Oberflaeche einer sich kontinuierlich bewegenden Bahn
DE2155347C3 (de) * 1970-12-29 1975-04-10 Polygraph Leipzig Vorrichtung zum Schwenken von Farbrührgeräten an Druckmaschinen
US4158333A (en) * 1978-05-01 1979-06-19 Anpa Research Institute Inking baffle for rotary newspaper presses
DE3135711A1 (de) * 1981-07-29 1983-02-10 Windmöller & Hölscher, 4540 Lengerich Spuelfarbwerk fuer eine rotationsdruckmaschine
DE110081T1 (de) * 1982-12-02 1984-10-11 Rockwell International Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Farbverteilbalken.
DE3320638C2 (de) * 1983-06-08 1986-10-16 Koenig & Bauer AG, 8700 Würzburg Farbabteileinrichtung an Farbkastenwalzen von Druckmaschinen
DE3338095A1 (de) * 1983-10-20 1985-05-09 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Streicheinrichtung
CH663362A5 (de) * 1984-01-07 1987-12-15 Jagenberg Ag Vorrichtung zum beschichten von ueber eine stuetzwalze laufenden materialbahnen mit regelbarer auftragsstaerke.
DE3438380A1 (de) * 1984-10-19 1986-04-24 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Streicheinrichtung zur beschichtung laufender warenbahnen
DE3446757C2 (de) * 1984-11-17 1995-05-24 Voith Gmbh J M Streicheinrichtung
DE3539759C1 (de) * 1985-11-09 1987-04-02 Roland Man Druckmasch Farbteiler fuer ein Flexo-Farbwerk
DE3616645A1 (de) * 1986-05-16 1987-11-19 Voith Gmbh J M Streicheinrichtung
DE3704433A1 (de) * 1987-02-12 1988-08-25 Frankenthal Ag Albert Kurzfarbwerk

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2676963A1 (fr) * 1991-05-28 1992-12-04 Koenig & Bauer Ag Racle pour un groupe encreur de machine a imprimer rotative.
EP0663293A1 (fr) * 1994-01-18 1995-07-19 MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG Dispositif pour encrer un rouleau tramé
US5520110A (en) * 1994-01-18 1996-05-28 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Process and device for filling depressions, such as cups or channels, on the cylindrical surface of a rotating cylindrical body
US5560294A (en) * 1994-01-18 1996-10-01 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Device for inking a screen roller
US6655280B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2003-12-02 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Inking unit in a printing machine having a chambered doctor blade and multiple inking zones
US7995473B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2011-08-09 Velocix Ltd. Content delivery system for digital object
US8010748B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2011-08-30 Velocix Ltd. Cache structure for peer-to-peer distribution of digital objects
US8244867B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2012-08-14 Velocix Limited System and method for the location of caches
US9241032B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2016-01-19 Alcatel Lucent Storage performance
WO2008152050A1 (fr) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Racle de compartiment à encre dans un mécanisme d'encrage de presse rotative

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0315091A3 (en) 1989-08-16
SU1625327A3 (ru) 1991-01-30
DE3737531A1 (de) 1989-05-18
JPH0741716B2 (ja) 1995-05-10
US4958561A (en) 1990-09-25
JPH01154760A (ja) 1989-06-16
DE3877519D1 (de) 1993-02-25
EP0315091B1 (fr) 1993-01-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0315091B1 (fr) Déflecteurs dans un réservoir d'encre d'une machine à rotative
EP0350839A2 (fr) Système d'encrage pour encres d'impression dans des groupes d'impression rotatifs
DE2054678B2 (de) Feuchtwerk fuer lithographische druckmschinen
EP0019073B1 (fr) Dispositif d'encrage pour machine à imprimer
EP0324140B1 (fr) Dispositif d'encrage
DE2130278A1 (de) Mehrzweck-seitenrahmen fuer rotationsdruckmaschinen
DE3731768C1 (de) Feuchtwerk fuer Rotations-Offsetdruckmaschinen
DE2814889B2 (de) Vorrichtung zur fernsteuerbaren Einstellung zonenbreiter Dosierelemente eines Farbkastens
EP0145904A2 (fr) Dispositif de dosage de l'agent mouillant dans le système de mouillage d'une machine d'impression
DE2849096C2 (de) Feuchtwerk
DE4403256C2 (de) Druckmaschine mit einer Stellvorrichtung zum Drucken-/Druckabstellen von Druckwerkszylindern und zum Einstellen des Ausstelldrucks
DD203016A1 (de) Farbwerk fuer druckmaschinen
EP1603750B1 (fr) Groupe d'impression d'une unite d'impression possedant au moins deux groupes d'impression situes verticalement l'un au-dessus de l'autre dans une presse, et unite d'impression
EP0115301A2 (fr) Encrier pour encre courte
DD203868A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum druckan- und abstellen von zylindern
DE3938447C2 (fr)
EP0144687A2 (fr) Dispositif de dosage de l'encre dans le système d'encrage d'une machine à imprimer
DE4103742C2 (de) Einstellbare Feuchtwerks- oder Farbwerkswalze
DE3407428C1 (de) Anordnung zum Antrieb einer Walze oder eines Zylinders einer von Buchdruck auf Flexodruck umruestbaren Rotationsdruckmaschine
DE3446675C2 (de) Bürsten-Feuchtwerk für Rotations-Offsetdruckmaschinen
DE3308991C2 (fr)
EP0387485A2 (fr) Dispositif pour changer de position le deuxième rouleau (supérieur) d'une paire de rouleaux intermédiaires de raccordement entre les groupes d'encrage et de mouillage
DE2846701C2 (fr)
DE1915280A1 (de) Einrichtung fuer das Einstellen der Auftragwalze in einem Farbwerk
DE2324684B2 (de) Färb- oder Feuchtwerksantrieb für Rotationsdruckmaschinen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19891207

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910328

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3877519

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19930225

ET Fr: translation filed
GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19930128

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 88118056.6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20001010

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20001017

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20001023

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20001030

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011029

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011030

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 88118056.6

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20011029

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020628

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20031210

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050503

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051029