EP0318352A1 - Kohlendioxidlanze für metallurgische Verfahren - Google Patents

Kohlendioxidlanze für metallurgische Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0318352A1
EP0318352A1 EP88402855A EP88402855A EP0318352A1 EP 0318352 A1 EP0318352 A1 EP 0318352A1 EP 88402855 A EP88402855 A EP 88402855A EP 88402855 A EP88402855 A EP 88402855A EP 0318352 A1 EP0318352 A1 EP 0318352A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intended
inerting
molten metal
carbon dioxide
lance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88402855A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0318352B1 (de
Inventor
Raymond Borasci
Jean-Michel Charles
Sylvain Windels
Jean Foulard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carboxyque Francaise SA
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Carboxyque Francaise SA
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carboxyque Francaise SA, Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Carboxyque Francaise SA
Publication of EP0318352A1 publication Critical patent/EP0318352A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0318352B1 publication Critical patent/EP0318352B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/106—Shielding the molten jet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carbon dioxide snow lance intended in particular for inerting a molten metal such as steel during the pouring of a first container into a second container, in order to provide protection against oxidation and / or nitriding the molten metal. It relates more particularly to a lance usable during a steel casting of a converter or an electric oven in a ladle, of a ladle in a distributor, of a distributor in a continuous casting mold, etc ...
  • liquid metal is in contact with the atmosphere.
  • the nitriding and / or oxidation phenomenon mentioned above generally lasts from 45 seconds to approximately 4 minutes depending on the size and shape of the distributor.
  • the metal poured into the distributor before immersion of the nozzle is thus more or less strongly oxidized and / or nitrided and the steel billets or ingots formed from this metal do not have the desired metallurgical qualities.
  • US Pat. No. 4,666,511 to Naud describes a method of protection against oxidation and / or nitriding of a molten metal poured into a container, by spraying carbon dioxide snow into the container before pouring and / or onto the bath. molten metal during casting. Liquid carbon dioxide is expanded through a valve to form carbon dioxide snow.
  • the solution described in this patent does not make it possible to adjust and orient the carbon dioxide snow flow towards the foot of the casting jet. This problem is particularly difficult to solve because it involves injecting carbon dioxide snow near a molten metal at a temperature of the order of 1000 ° C to 1500 ° C.
  • French Application 86/16475 filed on November 26, 1986 describes a method of protection against oxidation and / or nitriding of a liquid metal, carried out in particular by injecting carbon dioxide snow into the distributor, the injection being carried out by two successive stages: a first step of purging the distributor, taking place before the start of the pouring of the liquid metal, during which carbon dioxide snow is injected at a purge rate such that said snow at least partially reaches the bottom of the distributor in which it sublimates at least partially, so as to gradually expel the air present in it, this step being completed when the concentration of oxygen in the vicinity of the zone corresponding to the foot of liquid metal jet at the start of the casting is less than about 0.5%, - a second step of maintaining the atmosphere around the jet foot, starting when the liquid metal begins to flow in the distributor, during which carbon dioxide snow is injected at a maintenance rate, lower than the rate purge, such as the presence of this snow or of the gas resulting from the sublimation thereof, in an area located in the vicinity of the jet foot and /
  • the second step ends as soon as the lower end of the nozzle is substantially immersed in the liquid metal, the surface of the liquid metal bath in the distributor then being covered with a means of protection against oxidation and / or nitriding, known per se.
  • the maintenance flow is at most equal to about 50% of the purge flow.
  • a quantity of snow sufficient to produce snow is injected into the ladle for receiving the pouring of the liquid steel coming from the converter or from the electric furnace. a purge of said pocket, this quantity of carbon dioxide snow preferably being between 0.2 and 5 kg per tonne of metal poured.
  • the lance according to the invention finds applications in the casting of a jet of liquid steel from a first container into a second container, the casting jet and / or the surface of the bath. of liquid metal from the second container being protected against oxidation and / or nitriding with carbon dioxide, in the form of snow.
  • ladle metallurgy provide protection of the surface of the liquid metal bath against oxidation and / or nitriding by covering said surface with a layer of carbon dioxide snow.
  • the invention solves the above problems.
  • the snow lance according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a supply pipe for pressurized liquid carbon dioxide intended to be connected to a supply source for pressurized carbon dioxide, a T-piece one end of which is connected to said pipe and the other two ends of which are respectively connected successively to at least one liquid carbon dioxide transport line and to a controlled valve, the outlet orifices of the controlled valves being connected to each other by a V-shaped connecting piece which opens into a snow evacuation pipe.
  • the snow evacuation pipe has in its front part a divergent part of frustoconical shape, the small base of which is situated on the side of the V-shaped connecting part and the large base of which is situated on the side of the opening. outlet placed at the end of the snow disposal pipe.
  • This frustoconical part preferably interchangeable, determines the speed of ejection of the carbon dioxide snow transported pneumatically by the carbon dioxide produced directly by the trigger. It also makes it possible to reduce the formation of two-phase (gas / solid mixture), that is to say to limit the amount of gas generated during expansion.
  • this frustoconical part should not, in most cases, have a length less than 300 mm.
  • the angle at the top of the corresponding cone will preferably be of the order of approximately 6 ° (between approximately 5 ° and 7 °).
  • the speed of ejection of the gases and of the solid particles will remain less than or equal to 30 m / s while the snow flow will be between 40 kg / min and 150 kg / min.
  • the transport lines are rigid and / or are bent over a radius of the order of 3 to 5 times their diameter.
  • the snow lance according to the invention by its simplicity, can be installed directly under an electric oven or under a converter or any system located near or above a ladle.
  • Figure 1 A is shown a side view of an embodiment of the lance according to the invention while in Figure 1 B is shown a top view thereof.
  • a T-shaped element 2 is connected by its branch 21 to the hose and distributes the liquid carbon dioxide, according to two parallel circuits, respectively in its branches 22 and 23.
  • Each of these latter is extended by a rigid line comprising a curved part 31, 32 of radius, preferably between 3 and 5 times the diameter of the line, so as to minimize the pressure losses in this part of the lance then by a rectilinear part 33, 34.
  • the branches 22, 23 as well as the parts 31, 32, 33, 34 of the rigid line have a diameter slightly greater than that of the branch 21 connected to the flexible.
  • This part 35 therefore comprises two identical branches respectively composed of a divergent frustoconical part 36, 39 whose small base is located on the side of the means 151, 152, extended by a cylindrical tube 37, 40, whose diameter is that of the large base of the frustoconical part, the two branches joining symmetrically to form a connection end 38, of section slightly greater than or equal to the sum of the sections of the cylindrical tubes 37, 40.
  • the angle of convergence A between the axes cylindrical tubes 37, 40 is minimized, depending on the arrangement and the size, in particular, of the means 151 and 152, in order to avoid a loss of energy during the junction of the two sets, because this loss of energy generates gas phase, which we try to avoid.
  • the assembly 12 comprising the T-shaped part, the rigid lines, the solenoid valves 151, 152 and the V-shaped part 35 form a standard assembly constituting means for generating carbon dioxide snow which can be connected to means of projection of this snow which can be interchangeable.
  • downstream end (in the direction of flow of the snow) of the part 35 can be connected by a removable flange 50 to an intermediate part 51 which determines, by its geometry, the speed of ejection of the dry ice, transported pneumatically by the gas produced directly by the trigger.
  • This part 51 successively comprises from upstream to downstream, a cylindrical part 52 of section equal to the downstream end of the part 35 and detachably secured to the part 35 by means of the flange 50, an intermediate frustoconical part 53 whose length determines the speed of ejection of the snow, extended by a new downstream cylindrical part 54 (of cross section greater than that of the part 52) connected in a removable manner by a flange 55 to the barrel 56 proper, which is a cylindrical tube whose the section is identical to that of the part 54, the value of this section depending on the desired speed of ejection of the solid / gas mixture for a given diameter of the pipe 52 which is a function of the desired maximum flow rate of the lance.
  • the barrel 56 is then connected via the movable flange 57, to a consumable endpiece 58, comprising a bent upstream cylindrical part 59 connected to the flange 57 and a downstream cylindrical part 60, substantially rectilinear, the axis of which forms a angle B of approximately 60 °, in the present example, with the axis of the barrel 56.
  • This consumable end piece 58 can take any desired shape: straight cylinder, bent, of diameter identical or greater than that of the barrel, divergent truncated cone, possibly bent, etc., so as to correctly target a specific place (jet foot: cylindrical part) or a larger surface (divergent truncated cone for the total surface of a pocket).
  • the mobility of the flange 57 is determined beforehand as a function of the operating conditions or can be controlled mechanically, electrically or by any other device.
  • FIG. 2 represents a partially exploded view of the solenoid valves 151 or 152, a figure in which the details of the valve 70 itself have not been shown.
  • the electro-pneumatic control of this valve is carried out for example using a WORCHESTER type control device provided with a pneumatic operator which controls the movement of the valve (not shown) of the valve 70 connected to the pipeline. rigid 33 by a flange 75.
  • the ball valve system, known per se, of the cryogenic valve 70 is housed in the space 76 (details not shown). Only the bore 77 is shown, which is extended by a bore 78 with a diameter greater than this, in which an injector 72 is housed which limits the flow of liquid CO2 to be transported.
  • This injector abuts at the bottom of the bore 78 and its upstream face is close to the valve flap (bore 77 of short length) so as to avoid any untimely formation of snow between the injector 72 and the valve (not shown).
  • the internal structure of the injector 72 is that of a venturi device with a converging upstream part, a central part of constant diameter and a diverging downstream part.
  • the downstream face of the injector 72 abuts in the connection device 73 which covers the latter and is screwed into the bore 78 which is tapped.
  • a connection flange 79 of the divergent frustoconical part 36 is placed at one of the upstream ends of the V-shaped part 35.
  • All of the equipment described above is dimensioned so as to present an optimum yield for the transformation of liquid carbon dioxide into a solid and gas mixture, taking into account, on the one hand, the thermodynamic conditions for storage of liquid CO2, because the pressure regulation of the liquid CO2 reservoir is carried out in a minimum-maximum pressure range as low as possible, which makes it possible to overcome flow fluctuations due to possible pressure fluctuations, and on the other hand, the characteristics of insulation specific to the installation so as to avoid any entry of heat and consequently limit the rate of two-phase, that is to say snow / carbon dioxide mixture (better control of the flow).
  • This lance is sized to generate a solid CO2 flow corresponding to the transformation of 120 kg / min of liquid CO2, using an injector 72 with a diameter of 10 mm in the assembly 151 and an injector 72 with a diameter of 12 mm in the assembly 152.
  • the lance therefore allows 3 possibilities of flow rates:
  • the valve 151 When the valve 151 is opened alone, only the 10 mm diameter injector is used. The flow rate is then 80 kg / min of liquid CO2.
  • the valve 152 When the valve 152 is opened alone, only the 12 mm diameter injector is used. The flow of liquid CO est is then 105 kg / min.
  • the two valves When the two valves are opened simultaneously, the two injectors are used and the liquid CO2 flow rate is 120 kg / min. Liquid CO2 storage takes place at a pressure of around 20 bar and a temperature of around - 20 ° C.
  • a supply hose with a diameter of 2.54 cm (1 inch), a length of 30 m is used, inducing a pressure drop of 5 bar. . .
  • the exit diameter of the lance at 60 is 150 mm and the gas exit speed is 30 m / s. .
  • the volume of the gas to be evacuated is 0.32 m3 / s, i.e. for a diameter leaving the lance of 150 mm a gas exit speed of 19 m / s.
  • an injector with two calibrated orifices opposite at 180 ° C. and arranged tangentially to the wall of the tube of the part 73 in which it is housed to cause the gas and solid assembly to rotate (the axial downstream end of the injector 72 is then closed and replaced by two divergent frustoconical openings, the axis of which is oriented tangentially with respect to the wall of the tube).
  • the speed obtained is sufficient to avoid sticking of the particles on the wall of the barrel 56 of the barrel.
  • said rotation of the particles allows the faster reduction of the kinetic energy of the jet by increasing the pressure drops.
  • the solid particles in rotation are distributed in the form of a cone thus ensuring a more homogeneous distribution of the snow in the bottom of a distributor for example.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
EP88402855A 1987-11-26 1988-11-15 Kohlendioxidlanze für metallurgische Verfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0318352B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8716399A FR2623890B1 (fr) 1987-11-26 1987-11-26 Lance a neige carbonique pour la metallurgie
FR8716399 1987-11-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0318352A1 true EP0318352A1 (de) 1989-05-31
EP0318352B1 EP0318352B1 (de) 1991-07-24

Family

ID=9357197

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88402855A Expired - Lifetime EP0318352B1 (de) 1987-11-26 1988-11-15 Kohlendioxidlanze für metallurgische Verfahren

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4915362A (de)
EP (1) EP0318352B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH01168808A (de)
AU (1) AU613424B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1333846C (de)
DE (1) DE3863910D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2023505B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2623890B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA888816B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639650A1 (de) * 1993-08-18 1995-02-22 The Commonwealth Industrial Gases Limited Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Kohlendioxidschnee

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6460742B1 (en) 1989-02-14 2002-10-08 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process for reducing fume emissions during molten metal transfer
DK0544967T3 (da) * 1991-11-28 1995-10-16 Von Roll Ag Fremgangsmåde til at undertrykke støv og røg ved fremstillingen af elektrostål
US5344478A (en) * 1993-08-02 1994-09-06 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Vortex dispersing nozzle for liquefied cryogenic inert gases used in blanketing of molten metals exposed to ambient air and method
US5775127A (en) * 1997-05-23 1998-07-07 Zito; Richard R. High dispersion carbon dioxide snow apparatus
US6228187B1 (en) 1998-08-19 2001-05-08 Air Liquide America Corp. Apparatus and methods for generating an artificial atmosphere for the heat treating of materials
US6491863B2 (en) 2000-12-12 2002-12-10 L'air Liquide-Societe' Anonyme A' Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes George Claude Method and apparatus for efficient utilization of a cryogen for inert cover in metals melting furnaces
DE102011008894A1 (de) * 2011-01-19 2012-07-19 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren und Düse zur Unterdrückung einer Entwicklung von eisenhaltigem Dampf

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE448051C (de) * 1927-08-10 Julius Pintsch Akt Ges Gasdruckregeleinrichtung
US2953305A (en) * 1957-09-25 1960-09-20 Pierce Waller Company Plural fluid discharge assembly
FR2172493A5 (de) * 1972-02-15 1973-09-28 Oxhydrique Francaise
US4614216A (en) * 1984-02-24 1986-09-30 Canadian Liquid Air Ltd. Method of and apparatus for casting metal using carbon dioxide to form gas shield

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2579495B1 (fr) * 1985-04-01 1987-09-11 Air Liquide Procede de protection d'un jet de coulee de metal
FR2607039B1 (fr) * 1986-11-26 1989-03-31 Air Liquide Procede de coulee d'acier comportant un inertage du bain d'acier par de l'anhydride carbonique sous forme de neige
US4723997A (en) * 1987-04-20 1988-02-09 L'air Liquide Method and apparatus for shielding a stream of liquid metal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE448051C (de) * 1927-08-10 Julius Pintsch Akt Ges Gasdruckregeleinrichtung
US2953305A (en) * 1957-09-25 1960-09-20 Pierce Waller Company Plural fluid discharge assembly
FR2172493A5 (de) * 1972-02-15 1973-09-28 Oxhydrique Francaise
US4614216A (en) * 1984-02-24 1986-09-30 Canadian Liquid Air Ltd. Method of and apparatus for casting metal using carbon dioxide to form gas shield

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639650A1 (de) * 1993-08-18 1995-02-22 The Commonwealth Industrial Gases Limited Vorrichtung zum Ausbringen von Kohlendioxidschnee
US5538184A (en) * 1993-08-18 1996-07-23 The Commonwealth Industrial Gases Limited CO2 snow discharge apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0318352B1 (de) 1991-07-24
CA1333846C (fr) 1995-01-10
FR2623890A1 (fr) 1989-06-02
JPH01168808A (ja) 1989-07-04
AU613424B2 (en) 1991-08-01
US4915362A (en) 1990-04-10
ZA888816B (en) 1989-08-30
ES2023505B3 (es) 1992-01-16
FR2623890B1 (fr) 1990-03-30
DE3863910D1 (de) 1991-08-29
AU2564388A (en) 1989-06-01

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