EP0320126A1 - Détergents liquides pour machine à laver la vaisselle à stabilité améliorée - Google Patents
Détergents liquides pour machine à laver la vaisselle à stabilité améliorée Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0320126A1 EP0320126A1 EP88310674A EP88310674A EP0320126A1 EP 0320126 A1 EP0320126 A1 EP 0320126A1 EP 88310674 A EP88310674 A EP 88310674A EP 88310674 A EP88310674 A EP 88310674A EP 0320126 A1 EP0320126 A1 EP 0320126A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- clay
- composition
- silicate
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 alkali metal tripolyphosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical group O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UHGIMQLJWRAPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O UHGIMQLJWRAPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 101001134276 Homo sapiens S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100022050 Protein canopy homolog 2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FRXGWNKDEMTFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctadecyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FRXGWNKDEMTFPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 3
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CRPOUZQWHJYTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;magnesium;disilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] CRPOUZQWHJYTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroisocyanuric acid Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)NC(=O)N(Cl)C1=O CEJLBZWIKQJOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDENMIUNZYEPDD-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium [2-[4-(10-methylundecyl)-2-sulfonatooxyphenoxy]phenyl] sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CC(C)CCCCCCCCCc1ccc(Oc2ccccc2OS([O-])(=O)=O)c(OS([O-])(=O)=O)c1 FDENMIUNZYEPDD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
- C11D3/3956—Liquid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/34—Derivatives of acids of phosphorus
- C11D1/345—Phosphates or phosphites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
- C11D3/1266—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in liquid compositions
Definitions
- This invention relates to liquid or gel-like automatic dishwashing detergents which are useful in cleaning soil from dishes, glasses and the like. More particularly it provides for such a composition containing a relatively high level of silicate to enhance the physical stability of the composition.
- liquid automatic dishwashing detergents LADD
- the physical stability of the liquid or gel product is essential for meeting overall consumer satisfaction.
- Liquid ADDs for use in most available automatic dishwashing machines is difficult because these auto matic machines have dispensers which are designed to dispense detergents in powder form and are unsuitable for retaining low viscosity liquid detergents.
- Relatively high viscosity liquid detergents ⁇ 1500 cps
- Liquids with a viscosity above about 2500 cps may be retained in the dispenser even after partial dilution with water but are inconvenient to pour into the dispenser cups.
- a relatively high viscosity thixotropic system capable of shear-thinning to about 200 cps, and then reverting to high viscosity while at rest, is preferred.
- a relatively high viscosity thixotropic system capable of shear-thinning to about 200 cps, and then reverting to high viscosity while at rest.
- Such a system can be easily dispersed from a container, and facilitates usage by the consumer.
- the system must also provide sufficient viscosity and yield point to remain within the dispenser until the cup opens at the start of the main wash cycle.
- compositions are normally of gel consistency, having Bingham plastic characteristics and thus relatively high yield values.
- a definite shear force is necessary to initiate or increase flow. This force would be present within the agitated dispenser cup of an automatic dishwasher. Under these conditions, the composition is quickly fluidized and easily dispersed. When the shear force is discontinued, the fluid composition quickly reverts back to a high viscosity, Bingham plastic state closely approximating its prior consistency.
- Typical viscosity ranges for the high silicate formula of this invention are: ⁇ 1 180-230 ⁇ 2 1400-2000 ⁇ 3 1500-2100 Stability is of primary importance, i.e., there should be no significant evidence of phase separation or leaking after long standing.
- automatic dishwashing detergents contain (1) sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP); (2) sodium silicate to supply the alkalinity necessary for effective detergency and to provide protection for fine china glaze and patterns; (3) sodium carbonate, to enhance alkalinity; (4) a chlorine-releasing agent; and (5) a defoamer and/or surfactant to enhance machine efficiency and supply detergency.
- NaTPP sodium tripolyphosphate
- sodium silicate to supply the alkalinity necessary for effective detergency and to provide protection for fine china glaze and patterns
- sodium carbonate to enhance alkalinity
- (4) a chlorine-releasing agent to enhance machine efficiency and supply detergency
- a defoamer and/or surfactant to enhance machine efficiency and supply detergency.
- Patent 4,115,308 discloses thixotropic automatic dishwasher pastes containing a suspending agent; inorganic salts, surfactant and a suds depressant.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,147,650 optionally includes a bleach.
- U.S. Patent No. 3,985,668 describes abrasive scouring cleaners.
- U.K. Patent Applications GB 2,118,199A, GB 2,140,450A, and GB 2,185,037A disclose automatic dishwasher compositions having thixotropic, gel-type structures
- U.K. Patent Application 2 176 495A is similar to GB 2,118,199A and GB 2,140,450A but improved physical stability is disclosed by incorporating salts of polyvalent metal stearates.
- compositions having a sufficiently high viscosity not to leak out of dispenser cups with sufficiently shear thinning behavior to be easily dispensed from a container, good solubility, good washing properties, good consumer acceptability with long shelf life at a relatively low cost, has not been satisfactory without using special stabilizers whose purpose is not to achieve cleaning, but rather, is directed to physical stabilization.
- the present invention provides a normally gel-like aqueous automatic dishwasher detergent composition having thixotropic properties.
- the composition includes, on a weight basis:
- the LADD composition can be readily poured into the dispensing cup of the automatic dishwashing machine and will promptly thicken to its normal gel-like state to remain securely within the dispensing cup until shear forces are again applied, such as by the water spray from the dishwashing machine.
- the effectiveness of automatic dishwashing detergents is related to (a) available chlorine levels; (b) alkalinity; (c) solubility in washing medium; and (d) foam inhibition.
- the pH of the ADD composition is at least about 9.5, more preferably from about 10.5 to 13.5 and most preferably at least about 11.5.
- Addition of NaOH is often required to achieve a pH within these ranges, to increase flowability properties and to neutralize certain phosphate esters.
- the presence of carbonate helps to maintain the desired pH level but, excess carbonate is to be avoided, to prevent destabilization. It should be noted that in certain cases suffilycient alkalinity may be provided by the sodium silicate.
- the alkali metal tripolyphosphate in the composition is present in a range of about 15 to 17 wt%, and preferably about 15.5 to 16.5 wt%. It should preferably be free of heavy metal which has a tendency to decompose or inactivate sodium hypochlorite and other chlorine bleach compounds.
- Preferably sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP) is employed.
- the NaTPP should have an average degree of hydration of less than about 1.
- Pre-moisturization to an average of about 0.3 to 1% water is most effective, and expedites hydration and solubilization of the remaining NaTPP.
- the NaTPP contains on the average about 1% by weight of water. If only NaTPP hexahydrate is used. the detergent product has little if any thixotropic character. If only the pre-moisturized NaTPP is used, at the specified level, the preferred rheological profile is obtained.
- Foam inhibits machine efficiency. Foam may be suffi strictlyciently reduced by suitable selection of the type and amount of detergent active material, the main foam-producing component, however, it is generally preferred to include a chlorine bleach stable foam depressant or inhibitor.
- Inhibitors of the alkyl phosphonic acid esters of following formula are effective These esters are available from BASF-Wyandote. Alkyl acid phosphate esters of the formula available from Occidental Petroleum are preferred. In these esters, one or both R groups may be independently a C12 ⁇ 20 alkyl group. Mixtures of phosphates with phosphate esters as well as mixtures of mono- and di- esters of the same type, may be employed.
- 0.1 to 5wt%, preferably about 0.1 to 0.5wt%, of foam depressant in the composition is typical,
- inorganic chlorine bleach compounds may be employed in the compositions of the invention, such as chlorinated trisodium phosphate, alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite, especially sodium hypochlorite is preferred.
- Sodium dichloro isocyanurate has been found to destabilize the compositions.
- the composition typically contains sufficient chlorine bleach compound to provide about 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of available chlorine, as determined for example by iodometric titration. About 0.8 to 1.6% by weight of available chlorine is especially preferred.
- the alkali metal silicate which provides alkalinity and protection of hard surfaces such as fine china glaze is employed in an amount ranging from about 12.0 to 18.0 wt%, preferably about 15 wt%, in the composition.
- the silicate is preferably sodium silicate and is generally added in the form of an aqueous solution, preferably having an Na2O:SiO2 ratio of about 1:2.2 to 1:2.8, preferably 1:2.4. Amounts of silicate in excess of about 18%, while feasible, significantly affect ease of processing by conventional mixing methods due to increase in viscosity during addition of phosphate.
- the NaOH, sodium hypochlorite and foam depressant when employed are added as aqueous dispersions or solutions.
- the detergent active materials or surfactants must be stable in the presence of chlorine bleach, especially hypochlorite bleach and are preferably anionic. These surfactants are used in amounts of from about 0.1 to 3% preferably about 0.6 to 2.0%, more preferably about 0.3 to 0.6%.
- the preferred surfactants are the alkali metal sulfate salts of mono- or di- alkyl diphenyl oxides. These surfactants are commercially available as DOWFAX 3B-2 and DOWFAX 2A-1. Surfactants of the type mentioned above, all well known in the art, are described, for example, in U.S. Patents 3,985,668, 4,271,030 and GB 2 176 495A. The surfactant of course, should be compatible with the other ingredients of the composition.
- Other suitable surfactants include alkylsulfates, and sulfonates as well as alkylarylsulfonates and the like.
- Thixotropic thickeners or suspending agents are those which provide a medium with thixotropic properties. These are well known in the art and may be organic or inorganic, water soluble, water-dispersible or colloid-forming, and monomeric or polymeric.
- the thickeners must be stable in the compositions, e.g. stable to high alkalinity and chlorine bleach compounds.
- the preferred thickeners include inorganic, colloid-forming clays of the smectite and/or attapulgite types.
- the amounts of the clays of the smectite and/or attapulgite types in the composition range from about 0.5 to 5%, preferably 1.5 to 3.0% by weight and these amounts are generally sufficient to achieve the desired thixotropic properties when used in combination with the proportion of ingredients disclosed herein.
- Smectite clays are especially preferred, and include montmorillonite (bentonite), hectorite and the like. Materials of this type are available from Georgia Kaolin under the trade name of Korthix and Gelwhite GP,H, etc. from Southern Clay Products. Both Gelwhite and Korthix are montmorillonite clays. Attapulgite clays include materials commercially available under the trade names Attagel 40, Attagel 50 and Attagel 150 from Englehard Minerals and Chemicals Corporation. Exclusive use of attapulgite clays should be avoided since it becomes difficult to maintain a proper thixotropic profile on aging. Mixtures of smectite and attapulgite types in weight ratios of about 4:1 are useful. Thickening or suspending agents of the types described are well known in the art.
- the amount of water contained in the compositions must be tailored to achieve the proper rheological properties. This amount is usually about 50 to 65wt%.
- the desired thixotropic properties and physical stability can be obtained, without the need for a special stabilizing agent.
- the present composition accomplishes the desired physical stability by way of balancing the functional dishwashing ingredients of the composition in proper proportions without the need for special stabilizing additives.
- compositions may be included in these compositions in amounts generally less than about 3wt% such as perfume, preservatives, dyestuffs, pigments and the like. Any such adjuvants of course must be stable to chlorine bleach compounds and high alkalinity. Coloring may be accomplished by the chlorinated phthalocyanines and/or polysulfides of aluminosilicate. TiO2 may also be employed.
- Laboratory batches may be prepared in pyrex beakers set on a heating plate, in a water bath, at high shear with a Talboy stirring motor.
- the ingredients are added in the sequence shown above with the following conditions:
- the finished product is homogenized with a Gifford-Wood homogenizer at the highest speed and shear settings for 2 to 3 minutes. Longer homogenization periods usually increase the batch temperature to above 40°C unless the batch is previously cooled to below about 20°C. Rheology measurements and/or dispenser cup tests are run immediately after homogenizing and again after about 24 hrs. aging at room temperature.
- the practical method for manufacturing the formulations of the invention with a high level of silicate does not involve pre-dispersion (pre-mix) of the clay as a separate step in the process.
- Pre-dispersion of the clay in the compositions containing silicate levels in the 12 to 18% range is impractical since a major portion of the total water in the composition is associated with the liquid silicate which as a raw material contains between 53 and 55% water. Since the water is part of the silicate solution it is not available during the early stages in the process before the addition of the silicate. It would thus be impractical to prepare a clay pre-mix with the relatively small amount of the remaining process-water unless the clay premix was incorporated early enough in the process to supply sufficient water to disperse the electrolytes.
- the in-situ clay process does not require the pre-swelling of the bentonite clay as a separate step in the process.
- the bentonite clay is added "as purchased" (powder form) during either a very early or very late step in the process.
- An obvious advantage of the in-situ process is the omission of the clay pre-swelling step.
- the sequence in which the raw materials are added appears to have a determining effect on the viscosity of the batch throughout the process. Raw material addition sequences that yield a lower viscosity during the process generally require a relatively higher degree of homogenization for the finished batch to be satisfactory in the dispenser cup.
- the percent separation is determined by way of direct measurements in millimeters (mm) from clear glass and plastic containers (8 oz.; 16 oz.) and represents the ratio of clear supernatant (mm) to overall height of product with the jar.
- Example “B” shows the improvement over “A” in product stability when the level of phosphate is reduced from 21% to 16% in compositions containing a relatively low level of silicate (8%).
- Examples “C” through “G” show a further improvement in product stability when the silicate level is increased to 12% or above.
- Examples “H” and “I” show the criticality of the level of phosphate on product stability even for compositions containing higher silicate levels.
- Table III represents results to further define criticalities in composition that may be pertinent to product stability.
- TABLE III % active in product J K L M N O P Q R S NaTPP 16.0 16.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 12.0 18.0* 16.0 16.0 16.0 NaSilicate (2.4r) 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 18.0 18.0 15.0 15.0 18.0 18.0 Soda ash 6.0 8.0 4.0 4.0 0.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 MSAP (defoamer)** 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.0 0.0 0.16 NaOH 1.4 Na Hypochlorite (as cl2) 1.0 Dowfax (Surfactant) 0.36 Bentonite clay 3.0 Water q.s Stability 2 wks.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11974987A | 1987-11-12 | 1987-11-12 | |
| US119749 | 1987-11-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0320126A1 true EP0320126A1 (fr) | 1989-06-14 |
Family
ID=22386138
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88310674A Withdrawn EP0320126A1 (fr) | 1987-11-12 | 1988-11-11 | Détergents liquides pour machine à laver la vaisselle à stabilité améliorée |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0320126A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH02501488A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2511188A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8807290A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1989004362A1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA888457B (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009100227A1 (fr) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-13 | Amcol International Corporation | Compositions de nettoyage résistantes à l’égouttement |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA887068B (en) * | 1987-09-29 | 1990-05-30 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Thixotropic aqueous liquid automatic dishwashing detergent composition |
| DE3802127C1 (fr) * | 1988-01-26 | 1988-12-01 | Kaiser, H.-G. | |
| EP0407187A3 (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1991-07-17 | Unilever Plc | Aqueous thixotropic cleaning composition |
| US5258496A (en) * | 1990-07-10 | 1993-11-02 | Scios Nova Inc. | Isolation and purification of lung surfactant protein |
| EP0475447A3 (en) * | 1990-09-14 | 1992-09-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Magnetically recordable photographic film, recording method and system therefor and camera-laboratory system |
| US5873931A (en) * | 1992-10-06 | 1999-02-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Coating composition having anti-reflective and anti-fogging properties |
| US5929008A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-07-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid automatic dishwashing compositions providing high pH wash solutions |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2520004A1 (fr) * | 1982-01-18 | 1983-07-22 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Compositions du type de gel douees de proprietes thixotropes pour machines a laver la vaisselle automatiques |
| GB2140450A (en) * | 1983-05-24 | 1984-11-28 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Thixotropic automatic dishwasher composition with chlorine bleach |
| GB2163448A (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-02-26 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Detergent for automatic dishwasher |
-
1988
- 1988-11-11 BR BR888807290A patent/BR8807290A/pt unknown
- 1988-11-11 JP JP63509081A patent/JPH02501488A/ja active Pending
- 1988-11-11 EP EP88310674A patent/EP0320126A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-11-11 ZA ZA888457A patent/ZA888457B/xx unknown
- 1988-11-11 WO PCT/GB1988/001000 patent/WO1989004362A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1988-11-14 AU AU25111/88A patent/AU2511188A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2520004A1 (fr) * | 1982-01-18 | 1983-07-22 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Compositions du type de gel douees de proprietes thixotropes pour machines a laver la vaisselle automatiques |
| GB2140450A (en) * | 1983-05-24 | 1984-11-28 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Thixotropic automatic dishwasher composition with chlorine bleach |
| GB2163448A (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-02-26 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Detergent for automatic dishwasher |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009100227A1 (fr) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-13 | Amcol International Corporation | Compositions de nettoyage résistantes à l’égouttement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2511188A (en) | 1989-05-18 |
| JPH02501488A (ja) | 1990-05-24 |
| BR8807290A (pt) | 1990-03-27 |
| ZA888457B (en) | 1990-07-25 |
| WO1989004362A1 (fr) | 1989-05-18 |
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