EP0322485A2 - Dispositif de découpe à jet de fluide abrasif - Google Patents

Dispositif de découpe à jet de fluide abrasif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0322485A2
EP0322485A2 EP87309599A EP87309599A EP0322485A2 EP 0322485 A2 EP0322485 A2 EP 0322485A2 EP 87309599 A EP87309599 A EP 87309599A EP 87309599 A EP87309599 A EP 87309599A EP 0322485 A2 EP0322485 A2 EP 0322485A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
chamber
nozzle
slurry
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87309599A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0322485A3 (fr
Inventor
Eugene L. Krasnoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ingersoll Rand Co
Original Assignee
Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US06/914,062 priority Critical patent/US4707952A/en
Application filed by Ingersoll Rand Co filed Critical Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority to EP87309599A priority patent/EP0322485A3/fr
Publication of EP0322485A2 publication Critical patent/EP0322485A2/fr
Publication of EP0322485A3 publication Critical patent/EP0322485A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to water jet cutting systems and apparatus, and in particular to an improved liquid/abrasive jet cutting apparatus.
  • Very high pressure water jets 200 MPa (30,000 psi) or more have been used for many years, in water jet cutting systems, to produce fine cuts in a variety of relatively soft materials. More recently, solid particles, such as garnet or iron grit, have been used with the water jet cutting systems. Thus, abrasive jet cutting systems now in use can produce high quality cuts in glass, honeycombs, laminated materials, concrete, hard rock and steel.
  • the state of art or prior art abrasive jet system is an adaptation of pure water jet systems in that a very small, high speed jet is used as a jet pump to pull the solids into the abrasive jet nozzle.
  • the water and solids are mixed in the nozzle, and it is here that the solid particles are energized.
  • the major deficiencies of the state of the art of prior art abrasive jet system include:
  • Components include a pressure compensated hydraulic pump, high pressure intensifier and accumulator, oil and water reservoirs, solids hopper, high pressure water lines and fittings and the nozzle or cutting head, the same constituting a considerable expense.
  • a typical system requires a significant power input of the order of 70 kw (94. h.p.) to produce a fractional kilowatt of solids energy flux or effective power output.
  • the state of art abrasive jet system has an extraordinarily low efficiency and it is heavy and large.
  • Nozzle life at desired cutting rates have proven to be only a few hours at best. Thus, uninterrupted single shift operation is not generally possible. As regards safety, this is clearly a problem which must be solved when operators are in close proximity to water lines which may contain pressures up to 400 MPa (60,000 psi).
  • It is particularly an object of this invention to disclose a liquid/abrasive jet cutting apparatus comprising first means comprising a supply of liquid; a cutting-jet nozzle; second means, in fluid communication with both said supply and said nozzle, for (a) pressuring the liquid of said supply thereof, and (b) pumping such pressured liquid to said nozzle; and third means comprising a supply of slurry; wherein said second means comprises means for (c) pressuring the slurry of said supply thereof, and (d) pumping such pressured slurry to said nozzle.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises a water reservoir 12, supplying water to a water pump 14 which pressurizes the supplied water and conducts the latter to an accumulator 16 for collection therein and for conduction therefrom.
  • Fluid lines 18 and 20 convey the pressured water to a nozzle 22.
  • Some of the pressured water supply is shunted, via a fluid line 24, communicating with line 18, to a slurry tank 26.
  • a piston 28, sealing disposed in the tank 26, subdivides the tank into chambers 26a and 26b.
  • An abrasive slurry, of garnet particles and water, is confined within chamber 26b and agitated, to keep the particles in suspension, by a bladed agitator 30.
  • a needle control valve 32 is interposed in line 24 to control the flow rate of water into chamber 26a and, consequently, thereby to control the slurry discharge from chamber 26b (pursuant to displacement of piston 28) to the nozzle 22.
  • a fluid line 34 communicates chamber 26b with the nozzle 22.
  • the nozzle 22 has a central, elongate channel 34 of a first diameter which, in this embodiment, is six millimeters in dimension.
  • the channel 34 diminishes, at its exit and thereof into a jet-defining orifice 36 of a second, considerably smaller diameter. The latter is of approximately one and a third millimeter in dimension.
  • Nozzle 22 further has an annular, elongate conduit 38 formed therein which circumscribes the central channel 34.
  • Conduit 38 also terminates in its exit end thereof as a jet-defining orifice 40 of a diameter (of approximately one and two-thirds millimeters) slightly larger than that of orifice 36.
  • Orifice 40 is formed from a converging, conical chamber 42 which bridges between the annular conduit 38 and the orifice 40.
  • the nozzle 22 effects a preliminary acceleration of the water and the high density slurry in the diminishing-area channel 34 and the similarly diminishing area conduit 38. Thereafter the two streams meet in the conical chamber 42 and accelerate together to a nozzle exit orifice 40.
  • the purpose of the preliminary or first stage acceleration is to produce a high density slurry exit diameter which is slightly smaller than the final exit diameter. This can be accomplished since the high density slurry volume flow rate (approx. 6.14 ft./sec. and 0.66 gpm in this embodiment) is much less than the pure water flow rate (of approx. 21 ft./sec. and 2.84 gpm). In any event, it produces a central slurry feed with a surrounding annular water flow field.
  • Acceleration of the two streams takes place in the convergent flow field in chamber 42 to the nozzle exit orifice 40.
  • the final conversion of potential energy (pressure) takes place here and it is essentially as efficient as a pure water nozzle.
  • the main mechanism of particle acceleration in the second stage nozzle is the hydraulic pressure gradient.
  • the second stage of the nozzle 22, i.e., orifice 40 can be short, as shown, and relatively few of the sparse population of solid particles will be involved in high energy collisions with the wall of the exit nozzle.
  • the hydraulic power input of the state of art system is 13.6 times that of the new system concept.
  • the invention is a special variation of what has been termed an "indirect pumping" system in the literature on because, as conceived, (a) it had a severe nozzle wear problem and (b) it had unsolved systems interface and control problems.
  • the main water pump 14 of a conventional type is used to pressurize and pump a high density slurry to the exit nozzles 36 and 40.
  • the pure water and the high density slurry are separated by a simple piston 28.
  • the high density slurry flow is precisely controlled to any desired rate by one conventional variable orifice control (e.g., the needle valve 32) on the pure water side of the water-slurry tank 26.
  • one conventional variable orifice control e.g., the needle valve 32
  • the combination of the aforesaid features produce an apparatus 10 in which the unit area pure water flow rate through the exit nozzle orifice 40 is a constant.
  • the valve 32 controls the solids flow rate from zero to some system maximum at constant nozzle exit velocity through the nozzle 22.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
EP87309599A 1986-10-01 1987-10-29 Dispositif de découpe à jet de fluide abrasif Withdrawn EP0322485A3 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/914,062 US4707952A (en) 1986-10-01 1986-10-01 Liquid/abrasive jet cutting apparatus
EP87309599A EP0322485A3 (fr) 1987-10-29 1987-10-29 Dispositif de découpe à jet de fluide abrasif

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87309599A EP0322485A3 (fr) 1987-10-29 1987-10-29 Dispositif de découpe à jet de fluide abrasif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0322485A2 true EP0322485A2 (fr) 1989-07-05
EP0322485A3 EP0322485A3 (fr) 1990-01-24

Family

ID=8198084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87309599A Withdrawn EP0322485A3 (fr) 1986-10-01 1987-10-29 Dispositif de découpe à jet de fluide abrasif

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0322485A3 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0526087A1 (fr) * 1991-07-27 1993-02-03 Brian David Dale Buse pour nettoyage ou découpage par sablage
WO1995029792A1 (fr) * 1994-04-28 1995-11-09 B.H.R. Group Limited Systeme d'alimentation en un melange abrasif
WO1997040963A1 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1997-11-06 Strechovsky Jan Procede et appareil pour decoupage par abrasif
WO1998029193A1 (fr) * 1996-12-31 1998-07-09 Reckitt & Colman Products Limited Compositions de nettoyage abrasives susceptibles d'etre pulverisees
RU2307938C1 (ru) * 2006-04-17 2007-10-10 Государственное образовательское учреждение высшего профессионального образования ТУЛЬСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ (ТулГУ) Способ формирования струи жидкости и устройство для его осуществления
WO2008032272A3 (fr) * 2006-09-12 2008-10-02 Element Six B V Buse à jet d'eau
CN110691675A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2020-01-14 艾恩特应用新技术公司 水磨料悬浮液切割设备和水磨料悬浮液切割方法
CN113997204A (zh) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-01 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 一种射流后混合磨料的喷射装置
CN116690811A (zh) * 2023-08-04 2023-09-05 中国石油大学(华东) 基于电磁式换向增压射流实现岩石切槽的实验装置及方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB663604A (en) * 1948-09-30 1951-12-27 Hugo Van Der Krans Sand blasting device
US2985050A (en) * 1958-10-13 1961-05-23 North American Aviation Inc Liquid cutting of hard materials
DE1809677A1 (de) * 1968-11-19 1970-05-21 Woma Appbau W Maasberg & Co Gm Strahlduese fuer Hochdruck-Strahleinrichtungen
JPS5340797B2 (fr) * 1974-11-25 1978-10-28
US4545157A (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-10-08 Mccartney Manufacturing Company Center feeding water jet/abrasive cutting nozzle assembly
CA1298708C (fr) * 1985-10-10 1992-04-14 Roger Artinade Heron Jet de materiau abrasif
US4707952A (en) * 1986-10-01 1987-11-24 Ingersoll-Rand Company Liquid/abrasive jet cutting apparatus

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0526087A1 (fr) * 1991-07-27 1993-02-03 Brian David Dale Buse pour nettoyage ou découpage par sablage
WO1995029792A1 (fr) * 1994-04-28 1995-11-09 B.H.R. Group Limited Systeme d'alimentation en un melange abrasif
WO1997040963A1 (fr) * 1996-04-29 1997-11-06 Strechovsky Jan Procede et appareil pour decoupage par abrasif
WO1998029193A1 (fr) * 1996-12-31 1998-07-09 Reckitt & Colman Products Limited Compositions de nettoyage abrasives susceptibles d'etre pulverisees
AU734425B2 (en) * 1996-12-31 2001-06-14 Reckitt Benckiser (Uk) Limited Sprayable abrasive cleaning compositions
US6378786B1 (en) 1996-12-31 2002-04-30 Reckitt Benckiser (Uk) Limited Sprayable abrasive cleaning compositions
RU2307938C1 (ru) * 2006-04-17 2007-10-10 Государственное образовательское учреждение высшего профессионального образования ТУЛЬСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ (ТулГУ) Способ формирования струи жидкости и устройство для его осуществления
WO2008032272A3 (fr) * 2006-09-12 2008-10-02 Element Six B V Buse à jet d'eau
CN110691675A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2020-01-14 艾恩特应用新技术公司 水磨料悬浮液切割设备和水磨料悬浮液切割方法
CN113997204A (zh) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-01 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 一种射流后混合磨料的喷射装置
CN116690811A (zh) * 2023-08-04 2023-09-05 中国石油大学(华东) 基于电磁式换向增压射流实现岩石切槽的实验装置及方法
CN116690811B (zh) * 2023-08-04 2023-10-27 中国石油大学(华东) 基于电磁式换向增压射流实现岩石切槽的实验装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0322485A3 (fr) 1990-01-24

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Inventor name: KRASNOFF, EUGENE L.