EP0324400A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de produits de broyage - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de produits de broyage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0324400A2
EP0324400A2 EP89100238A EP89100238A EP0324400A2 EP 0324400 A2 EP0324400 A2 EP 0324400A2 EP 89100238 A EP89100238 A EP 89100238A EP 89100238 A EP89100238 A EP 89100238A EP 0324400 A2 EP0324400 A2 EP 0324400A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
grinding
atmosphere
product
free atmosphere
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89100238A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0324400B1 (fr
EP0324400A3 (en
Inventor
Johann Georg Dr. Schnitzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=4180022&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0324400(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT89100238T priority Critical patent/ATE99190T1/de
Publication of EP0324400A2 publication Critical patent/EP0324400A2/fr
Publication of EP0324400A3 publication Critical patent/EP0324400A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0324400B1 publication Critical patent/EP0324400B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02B—PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE
    • B02B1/00—Preparing grain for milling or like processes
    • B02B1/08—Conditioning grain with respect to temperature or water content
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C11/00—Other auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for grain mills
    • B02C11/08—Cooling, heating, ventilating, conditioning with respect to temperature or water content

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of mill products for human consumption or for animal feed from starch, protein and fat-containing plant fruits, such as cereal grains and other seeds, in a dry processing of the raw material.
  • Cereal grains and seeds are naturally designed so that they can be germinated if stored dry and undamaged over one or more vegetation periods. These are complex, in the end probably hardly completely understandable biological processes due to the ingredients as well as the specific structure of the whole grain. To put it simply, the rich content of most grains serves as a stored nutrient for germ growth.
  • the protein is the lifeblood.
  • the vegetable fat as a higher form of an energy concentration is often concentrated in the germination area and serves a rapid growth especially in the first germination phase even under less favorable conditions at the time of the initial phase of growth. All parts, along with the outermost cellulose-like grain layer, are used for the construction of the new plant. Humans have also taken advantage of this balanced composition of essential ingredients.
  • the grain of grain serves as human and animal food. At the correct ambient temperature and product humidity, grains and other seeds can be stored for longer periods. Whole quality is maintained at least over a 1-year storage period, provided that the grain remains germinable and whole.
  • a maximum of white flours is worked out in the mill, e.g. for bread and pastries, pasta, etc.
  • the most nutritionally physiologically valuable parts of the grain especially the part of the germ and partly the outer layers of grain, are kept away from these ground products, human consumption and e.g. fed to animals.
  • the germ is the most valuable part of the grain and at the same time also contains the largest proportion of vegetable fat, in the form of the highly unsaturated fatty acids that are beneficial to health. In parallel with the generally recognized level of knowledge For a long time, no importance was attached to this issue.
  • the grain is ground integrally in the bakery, as in the early days of using grinding stones, next to the dough trough and passed directly into the dough trough. In this way, the vital substances in the grain can be retained with a high percentage.
  • the invention has now set itself the task of creating a new method and corresponding devices that allow the commercial / industrial production of high-quality to high-quality ground products, with both the plant investments and the operating costs should be within a reasonable range, so that for End-user purchase prices arise that are closer to the prices of normal products and not of special diet products.
  • healthcare costs may already occupy a large proportion of the national economy, which is incomparably higher than the economic advantage of previous milling.
  • the inferiority or wholesomeness of the daily food at least have a significant influence on the economic expenditure through the medical costs. Bringing this back into a more favorable ratio is also part of the task according to the invention.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that, in order to avoid oxidation, the product to be processed is placed under an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere during or after the dry digestion at a product temperature above freezing but below 70 ° C., preferably 50 ° C.
  • the new invention can be implemented in the traditional flat or stone mill as well as in the modern passage milling with mill roller mills.
  • disintegration is intended to mean the transformation of the originally whole grain into a fragmented, as it were, pre-chewed form.
  • mill-based work techniques such as peeling, pre-peeling, grinding, sieving and sifting, mixing, conveying, etc., i.e. wherever an oxidation is being prepared or is actually taking place.
  • the processing of the mill products conventionally takes place with a moisture which is only slightly higher than the storage moisture. In the case of multiple grinding with roller mills, it is e.g. B. in the range of about 15%.
  • work is carried out dry with a product moisture below this storage moisture of approximately 15%.
  • the processing moisture can range from e.g. B. 8 to 10% water content.
  • the cereal flakes are dried immediately after being crushed to a moisture content of less than 15%, preferably to a residual water content of 8-10%, and further treated in a corresponding dry atmosphere.
  • the invention allows a whole series of particularly advantageous configurations.
  • the product is preferably divided into portions after dry grinding and preferably after intermediate storage and brought into airtight packaging, in the interior of which a vacuum or a reaction-neutral protective gas atmosphere is produced.
  • the oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere is produced by blowing in atmospheric nitrogen, carbon dioxide or another non-toxic gas.
  • atmospheric nitrogen, carbon dioxide or another non-toxic gas can also be used or these can be used one after the other.
  • nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide can also be used or these can be used one after the other. For example, for easier displacement of the air and the relatively heavy carbon dioxide, which is only then replaced by a nitrogen gas for ongoing production.
  • the cold released by the expansion can be used to lower the temperature of the grinding tools and / or the atmosphere in the grinding chamber.
  • the unlocking or very particularly preferably takes place.
  • dry grinding of the food in several stages such that each grinding stage is preferably carried out under an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere.
  • a screening process can be carried out in each case between two grinding stages, the screening or screening also being carried out under an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere.
  • milling roller mills with corrugated and smooth rollers are preferably used.
  • the digestion of the raw material with one, two or three grinding steps can preferably be designed as stone mills.
  • the material is preferably placed beforehand in an intermediate bunker, which also has a protective gas atmosphere. The goods are then brought directly into the packaging. In this case, only the entry of atmospheric oxygen has to be avoided for the packaging.
  • the gas contained in the flour or semolina-shaped material is sufficient in many cases as protection.
  • the raw material can also be peeled or scrubbed or peeled or tanned under a low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere and, if it is not processed immediately, stored or packaged in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere. This allows e.g. carry out the actual grinding at another time or at a different location.
  • an economically optimal embodiment of the new method according to the invention lies in the fact that a baking mix is produced according to a predetermined recipe. This can be produced directly in portions in a mixing drum under an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere and then packaged in vacuum or with a reaction-neutral protective gas atmosphere or initially stored temporarily with a reaction-neutral protective gas atmosphere.
  • the invention further relates to a device for applying the method.
  • This is characterized by the fact that they have unlocking elements and housings that completely enclose them without uncontrolled air passage openings product and outlet openings that can be closed off from the free atmosphere and means for supplying a reaction-neutral protective gas atmosphere.
  • the product path between individual or all plant elements such as grinding unit, plan sifter, silo etc. is made lockable against free, uncontrolled gas passage by means of locks and / or slides.
  • a feed line for part of the protective gas atmosphere in the area of the ground material intake of the grinding rollers or grinding bodies and / or a supply line for part of the protective gas atmosphere in the area of the ground material collecting space of the grinding rollers or grinding bodies is preferably provided.
  • the condition also relates to the application of the method, with the goods being directly used for further processing, in particular disintegration, e.g. the dough preparation for bread, pasta, is fed.
  • disintegration e.g. the dough preparation for bread, pasta
  • the invention further relates to a product produced by the process according to the invention as an oxidation-free ground, starch, protein and fat-containing foodstuff, which is stored in an airtight packaging or a container, the packaging or the container having an oxygen-free or oxygen-free atmosphere is available.
  • the device shown in Figure 1 consists of a mill 1 with a possible short grinding path, for example a stone mill and a packaging machine 2 connected to it, which, as is indicated by the dash-dotted border, designated 10, while avoiding the access of atmospheric oxygen to it Product is operated.
  • the cereal grains 3 to be comminuted in the mill 1 are thus in an oxygen-poor or almost oxygen-free atmosphere, which is generated by an inert gas atmosphere from inert gases such as nitrogen, carbonic acid or Mixture of these or can be formed by a vacuum, ground and the flour 4 obtained therefrom is then fed to the packaging machine 2, in which the end product 5 is portioned accordingly, immediately packed airtight, so that no oxygen can reach the ground material during processing and therefore no oxidation occurs.
  • the storable end product 5 thus contains all the vitamins and minerals contained in the grains 3 without being damaged by oxidation, and can be processed further at any time.
  • the mill 1 is a mixing machine 6 in which the flour 4 ground from the cereal grains 3 can be admixed with one or more additives 7, 7 ', etc. and this is connected to a portioning machine 8.
  • the baking mixes or other mixtures 4 'produced in the mixing machine 6 are thus divided in the portioning machine 8 and the individual portions are then packed airtight in a packaging machine 2. Since, in turn, all operations are carried out with the exclusion of an oxygen atmosphere, as is indicated by the dash-dotted border 10, an end product 5 is produced from the cereal grains 3 and the additives 7, 7 'and has no oxidation damage.
  • Fig. 3 a simply designed whole small mill system is shown.
  • the still undamaged grains are fed via a feed line 11 and via a feed funnel 12 and a product lock 13 into the interior of the mill 1 designed as a stone mill.
  • the stone mill has two upright grinding stones rotating about a horizontal axis 14, one of which is the fixed stone 15 and the second of the rotor stone 16.
  • the rotor stone 16 is driven by an electric motor 17.
  • Flour 4 is directly via an additional funnel 18 and a lock 19 and a discharge pipe 20 in an air or. gas-tight container 21 fed.
  • the container 21 is almost filled with flour in the picture 4.
  • the flour 4 is conveyed through a removal device 22 directly to a bag filling device 23, with a compacting screw 23 'being arranged in the bag filling device 23.
  • the packaging machine is only symbolically represented by an empty sack 24, a sack 24 'on the filler neck and a finished and hermetically sealed sack 24'.
  • the gas e.g. as nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide
  • a gas source 25 directly into the pressure side of a gas line system 26.
  • Both the mill 1 and the container 21 each have their own gas circulation system, which is maintained via a pressure fan 27.
  • both for the mill 1 and for the container 21 each have their own gas system or. the specifically required gas resp. the permissible oxygen concentration can be regulated.
  • each working section can be closed completely gas-tight, e.g. by installing sliders 28.
  • the flour 4 additionally shows the mixture of e.g. produce baking mixes, which can also be packed in airtight sacks 24 ⁇ .
  • the flour 4 is removed from the container 21 via a material lock 30 and placed in a gas-tight mixer. All additives such as yeast, salt, etc. are resp. From the corresponding storage cells 31. 32 removed and, like the flour itself, added to the batch mixer in precisely dosed quantities.
  • the corresponding control of all system elements is coordinated via a computer 33, as is only indicated schematically.
  • the finished, dry baking mixture is drained off in an intermediate container 34 and can be lifted into a sack conveyor 35 by means of an inclined conveyor 35 in a likewise gas-tight filling funnel 36, from which the individual sacks or containers for the Transport or storage can be filled.
  • FIG. 5 now shows schematically an example of the implementation of the new invention with milling roller mills 40 and plan sifter 41.
  • the conveying and lifting system of the intermediate grinding products is done here with gas-tight screw conveyors 42.
  • the great advantage of this system is that it allows the individual grinding fractions to be mechanically broken down in a targeted manner, so that the baking properties, flavorings and milling aspects can be optimized in every respect.
  • the individual workspaces can be placed under a specific gas atmosphere, or the appropriate atmosphere is maintained. This makes it possible to choose between the maximum target values for the ingredients with regard to human health and the economically still viable effort for maintaining the special atmosphere, the best syntheses that can still be achieved in practice.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
EP89100238A 1988-01-14 1989-01-07 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de produits de broyage Revoked EP0324400B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89100238T ATE99190T1 (de) 1988-01-14 1989-01-07 Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung von muehlenprodukten.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH134/88 1988-01-14
CH134/88A CH677455A5 (fr) 1988-01-14 1988-01-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0324400A2 true EP0324400A2 (fr) 1989-07-19
EP0324400A3 EP0324400A3 (en) 1990-05-30
EP0324400B1 EP0324400B1 (fr) 1993-12-29

Family

ID=4180022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89100238A Revoked EP0324400B1 (fr) 1988-01-14 1989-01-07 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de produits de broyage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0324400B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE99190T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH677455A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE58906507D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2049762T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3333244A1 (fr) * 2016-12-06 2018-06-13 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives Systeme d'alimentation en poudre a partir de granules, procede et installation de gazeification de charge de matiere carbonee dans un reacteur a flux entraîne (rfe) utilisant un tel systeme
US20240399384A1 (en) * 2023-06-01 2024-12-05 Nanchang University Device that effectively produces macha powder

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2381421A (en) * 1942-03-12 1945-08-07 Claude R Wickard Method of treating cereal grains
GB822935A (en) * 1955-12-13 1959-11-04 Harald Adriaan Bok Improvements in or relating to apparatus for gelatinizing of granular or like materials
DE2002958A1 (de) * 1970-01-23 1971-07-29 Alfred Taubert Verfahren zur Erhaltung des natuerlichen Kakaoaromas bei der Herstellung von Kakaoerzeugnissen
US4069349A (en) * 1970-06-22 1978-01-17 The Continental Group, Inc. Process for vacuum packaging of roasted, ground coffee
FR2298960A1 (fr) * 1975-01-28 1976-08-27 Scholz Walter Procede pour la conservation de fourrages
JPS5479872A (en) * 1977-12-08 1979-06-26 Kelsey Hayes Co Powder classifier
EP0018607B1 (fr) * 1979-04-26 1982-04-07 Bühler AG Procédé et dispositif de prébroyage d'amandes de cacao
DE2938635A1 (de) * 1979-09-25 1981-04-09 Ing.(grad.) Heinz 4390 Gladbeck Hölter Verfahren zur trennung von getreidekornschalen vom kornkern
CH662477A5 (de) * 1983-03-22 1987-10-15 Buehler Ag Geb Verfahren zum behandeln von schalenfruechten.
DE3545828A1 (de) * 1985-12-23 1987-07-02 Jackering Altenburger Masch Verfahren und einrichtung zum betrieb einer mahlanlage

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3333244A1 (fr) * 2016-12-06 2018-06-13 Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives Systeme d'alimentation en poudre a partir de granules, procede et installation de gazeification de charge de matiere carbonee dans un reacteur a flux entraîne (rfe) utilisant un tel systeme
US20240399384A1 (en) * 2023-06-01 2024-12-05 Nanchang University Device that effectively produces macha powder
US12465921B2 (en) * 2023-06-01 2025-11-11 Nanchang University Device for producing macha powder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0324400B1 (fr) 1993-12-29
EP0324400A3 (en) 1990-05-30
ES2049762T3 (es) 1994-05-01
DE58906507D1 (de) 1994-02-10
ATE99190T1 (de) 1994-01-15
CH677455A5 (fr) 1991-05-31

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