EP0331587A1 - Elektrischer Schalter mit Selbstbeblasung durch Kompression oder Expansion eines Isoliergases - Google Patents
Elektrischer Schalter mit Selbstbeblasung durch Kompression oder Expansion eines Isoliergases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0331587A1 EP0331587A1 EP89420037A EP89420037A EP0331587A1 EP 0331587 A1 EP0331587 A1 EP 0331587A1 EP 89420037 A EP89420037 A EP 89420037A EP 89420037 A EP89420037 A EP 89420037A EP 0331587 A1 EP0331587 A1 EP 0331587A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- arc
- blowing
- circuit breaker
- self
- electric circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000722921 Tulipa gesneriana Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7076—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by the use of special materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to a self-blowing electric circuit breaker comprising: - a sealed envelope filled with insulating gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, - a pair of separable contacts having a fixed or semi-fixed contact and a movable contact intended to be moved by a control member between a closed position and an open position, - a cut-off interval with an arc between the separate contacts, - And a blowing device capable of causing a flow of gas towards the cut-off interval to cool the arc by convection.
- insulating gas with high dielectric strength in particular sulfur hexafluoride
- the arc is cooled before zero current is achieved by convection by replacing a certain quantity of hot gas with cold gas. In the vicinity of zero current, the cooling of the arc takes place mainly by radial conduction.
- convection and conduction are the two main modes of heat exchange.
- the heat exchange by radiation is very low during the breaking of a low intensity arc current. During the period of a strong arc current, the heat exchange by radiation becomes important, and subjects the blowing nozzle to high heat stresses.
- the opaque nozzle is generally made of polytetrafluoroethylene loaded with alumina. The manufacture of such a nozzle is carried out by machining.
- the object of the invention is to improve the breaking performance of an SF6 self-blowing circuit breaker.
- the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that the blowing device comprises an insulating wall for confining the arc, made of a material transparent or translucent to the radiation of the arc.
- the transparency of the arc confinement wall allows part of the arc energy to be dissipated by radiation. This results in a decrease in the heat action of the arc on the wall, and a rapid extinction of the arc.
- the transparent material of the wall is formed by a mineral or plastic insulator compatible with SF6 gas.
- the self-blowing circuit breaker is of the type with compression of the gas by ramming by means of a piston-cylinder assembly, and the blowing nozzle constitutes said confining wall of the arc which channels the gas flow towards the cutoff interval.
- the nozzle is totally or partially made of a material transparent to the radiation of the arc.
- the self-blowing circuit breaker is of the gas expansion type with or without rotation of the arc, and the enclosure for increasing the pressure of the gas under the action of the arc has a transparent wall leaving pass some of the energy of the arc by radiation.
- the invention is applied to a circuit breaker or electric switch with self-blowing by gas pistonnection of the type described in French patent 2302581 of the applicant.
- the circuit breaker can be used in a medium or high voltage network, and is housed in a cylindrical envelope 10 filled with insulating gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride.
- the elongated envelope 10 is divided into two compartments by a fixed transverse partition 12.
- the piston 14 is provided with a blowing nozzle 20, having a convergent-divergent shape capable of guiding the gas flow establishing itself through openings 22 formed in the piston 14.
- a fixed hollow contact 24 is axially aligned with the movable contact 16 and has orifices 26 communicating the interior of the hollow contact 24 with the arc extinguishing chamber.
- a second series of orifices 30 connects the interior volume of the hollow movable contact 16 to the downstream compartment 32.
- a solid insulating part 34 isolates the operating rod 36 from the movable contact 16 and an elastomer membrane 38 seals the compartment 32.
- the movable contact 16 of the tulip type fits into the fixed contact 24 during the closing stroke.
- the interlocking arrangement of the contacts 16,24 causes pre-compression of the blowing gas at the start of actuation of the rod 36 of the circuit breaker and before the separation of the contacts 24, 16.
- a tubular sheath 42 of deformable plastic material covers the interstices 46 formed between the flexible fingers 40 of the movable contact 16.
- the end face 48 of the sheath 42 is arranged axially set back from the transverse plane of trace XX ′ passing through the free ends of the fingers 40.
- the fixed contact 24 can cooperate with a spring to be semi-fixed.
- the blowing nozzle 20 is made wholly or partially from a material transparent to the radiations generated by the arc 49 in the cutting gap 50.
- the material used can be a translucent mineral insulator, in particular based on ceramic or glass, or a transparent plastic insulator, for example a polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
- a translucent mineral insulator in particular based on ceramic or glass
- a transparent plastic insulator for example a polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
- Other translucent materials compatible with SF6 gas are of course usable.
- FIG. 2 shows a blowing nozzle 20 of composite material, having an opaque convergent 52 made of polytetrafluoroethylene charged with alumina, the remaining part comprising the neck 54 and the divergent 56 being made of translucent insulating material.
- the contacts 16, 24 separate with the formation of an axial arc 49.
- the heat energy developed by the arc is evacuated by self-compression blowing causing a flow of SF6 gas channeled through nozzle 20 and guided through the 16.24 hollow contacts. This results in cooling of the arc by forced convection allowing the replacement of a certain quantity of hot gas with cold gas. In the vicinity of zero current, the arc is cooled by radial thermal conductivity.
- the blowing nozzle 20 is advantageously produced by molding.
- Such a nozzle can also be used in the circuit breaker which is the subject of French patent n ° 2496334.
- a pole of a circuit breaker or switch with autoexpansion and rotating arc comprises a sealed envelope 100 filled with SF6 at atmospheric pressure.
- the envelope 100 is formed by a cylindrical side wall 102 of insulating material closed at its ends by two bottoms 104, 106 of conductive material constituting the current supply areas.
- the upper bottom 104 carries a fixed fixed contact 108 assembly and coil 110 associated with an electrode 112 for rotating the arc.
- the movable tubular contact 114 extends in axial alignment with the fixed contact inside a breaking chamber 116 confined by an internal enclosure 118 made of translucent insulating material.
- the cutoff interval 117 is inside the chamber 116 and the movable contact 114 passes through the enclosure 118 with a clearance predetermined, and is mechanically coupled by the opposite end to a control rod 119, crossing the lower bottom 106.
- the rod 119 is of course isolated from the movable contact 114.
- the breaking chamber 116 communicates with the casing 100 by conduits flows formed by the tubular contacts 108, 114 fitted with orifices 120.
- the arc 122 drawn in the breaking chamber 116 is rotated by the field of the coil 110, causing the SF6 gas to heat up and build up in pressure, which then escapes through the flow conduits of the contacts 108, 114 to an expansion chamber formed by the internal volume of the envelope 100.
- the pneumatic blowing by autoexpansion causes cooling of the arc by convection.
- the extinction of the arc is facilitated by the radiation effect due to a partial discharge of the arc energy through the wall of the translucent enclosure 118.
- the light radiation emitted by the arc from the breaking chamber 116 remains enclosed inside the envelope 100.
- the shape of the enclosure 118 can be arbitrary, for example cylindrical, spherical or ellipsoidal.
- the coil 110 can be replaced by a permanent magnet.
- the enclosure 118 may also be metallic and have an opening closed by a transparent screen at the cutoff interval 117.
- the shape of the translucent enclosure 118 of revolution according to FIG. 4 can be asymmetrical to constitute a converging or diverging optical lens intended to increase the effect of radiation from the arc.
- the invention can be applied to any other type of switch or circuit breaker for cooling the arc by convection having at least one wall for confining the arc, made of transparent material.
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8802676 | 1988-03-01 | ||
| FR8802676A FR2628259A1 (fr) | 1988-03-01 | 1988-03-01 | Disjoncteur electrique a autosoufflage par pistonnage ou expansion de gaz isolant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0331587A1 true EP0331587A1 (de) | 1989-09-06 |
Family
ID=9363862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89420037A Ceased EP0331587A1 (de) | 1988-03-01 | 1989-02-07 | Elektrischer Schalter mit Selbstbeblasung durch Kompression oder Expansion eines Isoliergases |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4935590A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0331587A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH01253136A (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2628259A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (85)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9314779U1 (de) * | 1993-09-24 | 1993-11-25 | Siemens AG, 80333 München | Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einer Kühleinrichtung zur Kühlung des Löschgases |
| DE4427163A1 (de) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-08 | Abb Management Ag | Druckgasschalter |
| IT1292453B1 (it) | 1997-07-02 | 1999-02-08 | Aeg Niederspannungstech Gmbh | Gruppo rotante di contatti per interrutttori di alta portata |
| DE19819242B4 (de) | 1998-04-29 | 2005-11-10 | Ge Power Controls Polska Sp.Z.O.O. | Thermomagnetischer Leistungsschalter |
| US6114641A (en) | 1998-05-29 | 2000-09-05 | General Electric Company | Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers |
| US6087913A (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-07-11 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker mechanism for a rotary contact system |
| US6037555A (en) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-03-14 | General Electric Company | Rotary contact circuit breaker venting arrangement including current transformer |
| US6166344A (en) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-12-26 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker handle block |
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| US6448522B1 (en) | 2001-01-30 | 2002-09-10 | General Electric Company | Compact high speed motor operator for a circuit breaker |
| US6476337B2 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2002-11-05 | General Electric Company | Auxiliary switch actuation arrangement |
| US6882258B2 (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2005-04-19 | General Electric Company | Mechanical bell alarm assembly for a circuit breaker |
| US6678135B2 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2004-01-13 | General Electric Company | Module plug for an electronic trip unit |
| US6469882B1 (en) | 2001-10-31 | 2002-10-22 | General Electric Company | Current transformer initial condition correction |
| US6804101B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2004-10-12 | General Electric Company | Digital rating plug for electronic trip unit in circuit breakers |
| FR2868875B1 (fr) * | 2004-04-07 | 2011-09-23 | Areva T & D Sa | Appareil electrique comprenant un isolateur composite muni d'une fenetre d'observation des contacts |
| DE102005019424A1 (de) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Abb Technology Ag | Lasttrennschalter |
| JP5032091B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-12 | 2012-09-26 | 株式会社東芝 | ガス絶縁開閉装置及びガス絶縁開閉装置用部品のアーク損傷検出方法 |
| JP2008210710A (ja) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電力用ガス遮断器 |
| US8492672B2 (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-07-23 | Eaton Corporation | Insulated arc flash arrester |
| CN102760607B (zh) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-10-29 | 上海天灵开关厂有限公司 | 一种气体绝缘环网柜用压气式负荷开关 |
| RU2643777C2 (ru) * | 2012-11-13 | 2018-02-06 | Абб Текнолоджи Аг | Контактная система |
| KR101786521B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-02 | 2017-10-18 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | 초고압 차단기 |
| FR3030106B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-01-13 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Dispositif de coupure electrique haute tension a autosoufflage optimise |
| CN107112162B (zh) * | 2015-01-07 | 2019-04-12 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 气体断路器 |
| CN109346370B (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-10-11 | 沈阳工业大学 | 一种活塞助气双能式高压sf6断路器灭弧室 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH320531A (de) * | 1951-05-25 | 1957-03-31 | Concordia Masch & Elekt | Trennschalter mit Schnellschaltvorrichtung |
| DE1281528B (de) * | 1965-02-12 | 1968-10-31 | Fabriek Van Electrische App N | Loeschkammer fuer Hochspannungsschalter mit einer Innenauskleidung aus Kunststoff |
| DE2342520A1 (de) * | 1973-08-23 | 1975-03-06 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Hochspannungsleistungsschalter |
| FR2302581A1 (fr) * | 1975-02-26 | 1976-09-24 | Merlin Gerin | Disjoncteur electrique a autosoufflage a chambre de coupure perfectionnee |
-
1988
- 1988-03-01 FR FR8802676A patent/FR2628259A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-02-07 EP EP89420037A patent/EP0331587A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1989-02-13 US US07/309,145 patent/US4935590A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-03-01 JP JP1049760A patent/JPH01253136A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH320531A (de) * | 1951-05-25 | 1957-03-31 | Concordia Masch & Elekt | Trennschalter mit Schnellschaltvorrichtung |
| DE1281528B (de) * | 1965-02-12 | 1968-10-31 | Fabriek Van Electrische App N | Loeschkammer fuer Hochspannungsschalter mit einer Innenauskleidung aus Kunststoff |
| DE2342520A1 (de) * | 1973-08-23 | 1975-03-06 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Hochspannungsleistungsschalter |
| FR2302581A1 (fr) * | 1975-02-26 | 1976-09-24 | Merlin Gerin | Disjoncteur electrique a autosoufflage a chambre de coupure perfectionnee |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4935590A (en) | 1990-06-19 |
| FR2628259A1 (fr) | 1989-09-08 |
| JPH01253136A (ja) | 1989-10-09 |
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