EP0338874A1 - Explosivgeschoss mit Ausstreuungseffekt - Google Patents

Explosivgeschoss mit Ausstreuungseffekt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0338874A1
EP0338874A1 EP89400806A EP89400806A EP0338874A1 EP 0338874 A1 EP0338874 A1 EP 0338874A1 EP 89400806 A EP89400806 A EP 89400806A EP 89400806 A EP89400806 A EP 89400806A EP 0338874 A1 EP0338874 A1 EP 0338874A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
envelope
sections
thickness
ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400806A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0338874B1 (de
Inventor
Yannick Olichon
Régis Riffet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Delegation Generale pour lArmement
Gouvernement de la Republique Francaise
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA, Delegation Generale pour lArmement, Gouvernement de la Republique Francaise filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Priority to AT89400806T priority Critical patent/ATE100189T1/de
Publication of EP0338874A1 publication Critical patent/EP0338874A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0338874B1 publication Critical patent/EP0338874B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of explosive projectiles comprising a fragmentation envelope and an explosive charge, generating splinters during the explosion.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a projectile generating a burst of splinters covering an area greater than that covered by known projectiles, which has the consequence of giving it greater efficiency.
  • the invention also provides a projectile generating a focused burst of shrapnel.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a projectile generating a burst of splinters by operation controlled on a trajectory during a tense shot, comprising an explosive charge contained in a metal envelope, characterized in that it comprises means for varying according to its longitudinal axis x′x the ratio R of the radial thicknesses (e) of the explosive charge and (E) of the metallic envelope containing said charge, so as to modulate along the longitudinal axis the speed of the fragments.
  • the variation of the ratio R can be obtained by modulating the radial thickness (e) of the explosive charge.
  • the ratio R can be increasing from upstream to downstream, discontinuously according to several radial loading thicknesses or continuously to ensure dispersion of the chips.
  • the load may comprise a first slice of thickness equal to the internal diameter of the envelope, four tubular slices of radial thickness increasing towards the base, a free space being provided within these slices, and a solid slice disposed at the level of the base, of thickness equal to the internal diameter of the envelope.
  • the load may consist of a first slice of diameter equal to the internal diameter of the envelope and of four solid slices of increasing thickness towards the base, a free space being provided between the metallic envelope and these four slices.
  • the ratio R can be decreasing from upstream to downstream, discontinuously according to several radial loading thicknesses or continuous to ensure focusing of the fragments.
  • the load can comprise a first section of diameter equal to the internal diameter of the envelope, and four tubular sections of decreasing radial thickness towards the base, a free space being provided within these sections.
  • the load may comprise a first section of diameter equal to the internal diameter of the envelope, and four solid sections of decreasing thickness towards the base, a free space being provided between the metal casing and these four sections.
  • An inert shock-absorbing material can be interposed in the free space within the tubular sections.
  • An inert shock-absorbing material can be interposed in the free space between the envelope and the full wafers.
  • Loading can be achieved by stacking tablets.
  • An advantage of the present invention lies in the implementation of simple means for varying the speed of the fragments relative to the projectile, and it is surprisingly found that a small variation in this speed causes a variation in the resulting speed of the fragments relative to on the ground and therefore a great dispersion of the sheaf.
  • FIG. 1 shows the combination of the static velocity vectors measured when the projectile is stopped in order to illustrate the zones of effectiveness of the fragments.
  • the minimum speeds of the flakes V m are measured, the maximum speeds of the flakes V M for a known projectile of 35 mm caliber and these same speeds V ′ m and V ′ M for a projectile according to the invention of the same caliber.
  • the speeds V M and V m of the fragments are communicated by the detonation of the explosive and are measured in a reference frame linked to the projectile.
  • the speed V R of the projectile is in both cases identical since it is the flight speed of the latter and it is measured relative to the ground.
  • the combination of the burst speed vectors with the flight speed delimits an area of efficiency on the ground.
  • the combination of the velocity vectors V R and V M or V ′ M gives a resulting vector whose intersection with the ground gives the point A.
  • the combination of the vectors V R and V m gives a resulting vector whose intersection with the ground gives the point B.
  • the points A and B then delimit the zone P1 of effectiveness of the known projectile whose width is of the order of 3 m for a projectile initiated at 10 meters from the ground.
  • the combination of the vectors V R and V ′ m gives a resulting vector whose intersection with the ground gives the point C.
  • the points A and C then delimit the zone P2 of effectiveness of the projectile according to the invention which is of order of 5 m. It can be seen that the invention makes it possible to widen the zone of effectiveness of the projectile.
  • the vectors representing the speed of the bursts relative to the projectile are not normal to the lateral surface of the latter, but are inclined in the direction of propagation of the detonation wave inside the explosive charge .
  • FIG 2 there is shown a partial section of a projectile of axis X′X where we see the explosive 1 thick (e) and the metal casing 2 thick (E).
  • the thickness of the explosive will more generally be defined as being the half-difference of the external and internal diameters (when the latter exists) of the section of explosive considered. rée. In Figure 2, it is a full slice.
  • Vx F (NatExpl, Dexpl, Denv, x, R)
  • the ratio R is varied.
  • the invention proposes to modulate the speeds of the flakes along the longitudinal axis of the projectile by playing on the values of the ratio R along this same axis.
  • the characteristics desired for the projectile efficiency, therefore width of area covered by the fragments at a given operating height
  • it will be possible to define a minimum speed of the fragments (the maximum speed being that corresponding to the maximum loading of the 'envelope).
  • the ratio R between these two extreme values will be varied continuously or discontinuously, as a function of the progressiveness desired for the variation of the burst speeds along the axis of the projectile, that is to say as a function of the homogeneity desired for the distribution on the ground of these fragments.
  • Figure 1 shows the burst velocity vectors with a common origin located at the point of operation. In reality, for a given section of the projectile, the speed vectors have their origin at the level of said section.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show more precisely the distribution of the speed vectors along the envelope of the projectile, always in the case of a priming by warhead rocket (vectors inclined downstream of the projectile).
  • FIG. 3 represents a projectile in which the burst velocities have an increasing value from upstream to downstream (projectile according to the variant embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6), this value being able to increase continuously or else in stages.
  • the result is a scattering of the chips.
  • FIG. 4 represents a projectile in which the burst speeds have a decreasing value from upstream to downstream (projectile according to the variant embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • a projectile 3 which can be a medium caliber shell, of longitudinal axis x′x. It includes a head rocket 4 and a metal casing 2 made of steel.
  • the envelope contains the explosive charge 1 consisting of six 5-10 sections of explosive.
  • the envelope 1 can be weakened beforehand according to the method taught in the French patent cited above.
  • the maximum loading thickness corresponds to the case of full loading.
  • the minimum thickness is conditioned either by the calculation of the effectiveness of the projectile, or by the value of the critical thickness of the explosive allowing the transmission of the shock wave.
  • the ratio R is modulated continuously or discontinuously. In the invention, examples have been described for illustrative purposes in which the ratio R is discontinuous.
  • the wafer 5 has a thickness equal to the internal diameter of the casing 1 and the other four wafers 6 to 9 are in the form of tubular elements of decreasing thickness towards the base of the projectile. The heights of these different sections are determined so as to obtain a uniform distribution over the area to be covered.
  • a solid slice 10 is disposed at the level of the projectile base.
  • the number and the height of the sections is a function of the progressiveness which one wishes to adopt between the speeds V m and V M.
  • the ratio R of the thickness of the load 1 and of the casing 2 is varied increasing along the axis x′x towards the base.
  • the speed of the flakes generated at each slice is therefore increasing in the same direction, which makes it possible to distribute the flakes more widely over the upstream and downstream zones mentioned above.
  • a module 11 is placed in inert material, both in terms of detonation and that of fragmentation. Its density is equivalent to that of the explosive.
  • a pulverulent or compressed material similar to the ballast used in the exercise shells is used.
  • FIG 5 there is shown a load 1 consisting of a cast block; one could use a load consisting of a stack of tablets corresponding to sections 5-10. These can be obtained by compression.
  • a 35 mm explosive projectile according to the state of the art comprising a prefragmented envelope, for example by electronic bombardment, (see French patent cited above), is initiated at a distance from the ground of the order of 10 meters while being animated with a speed of the order of 910 m / s.
  • the fragments are then distributed in a global zone, along the axis of fire, of the axis of fire, of the order of 3.20 meters.
  • the average density of shards, along the axis of fire, is then approximately 5.41.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown an alternative embodiment of the load 1.
  • This load 1 consists of five sections of explosive 12-16.
  • the thickness of these slices which are in the form of solid elements aligned on the axis x′x, increases towards the base.
  • a damping material 17 is placed between the casing 2 and the charge 1.
  • the role of this material is to absorb part of the energy of the explosive, which makes it possible to obtain a reduced burst speed with a greater thickness of explosive.
  • This solution makes it possible to use the invention in the case of an explosive with a large critical thickness for the transmission of the detonation or when it is impossible to achieve a charge of small thickness. A dispersion of the same order as that of the projectile according to FIG. 5 is ensured.
  • the load 1 comprises five sections 18-22 all being in the form of cylindrical elements, stacked on the axis x′x. Section 18 is full while sections 19-22 are annular.
  • An inert material 23 is placed in the free space within the wafers and its role is to dampen the transmission of the shock wave as it passes. This damping increases with the thickness of the material 23 when one goes towards the base.
  • the variation of the ratio R leads to a focusing of the fragments.
  • FIG. 8 another alternative embodiment is shown showing five sections of explosive.
  • the slice 24 is identical to the slice 18 of the previous embodiment, while the slices 25-28 are formed by solid cylindrical elements aligned on the axis x′x.
  • a material 29 can be provided in the form of a single piece as shown on the left part of the figure when a single piece load is used.
  • We can also proceed by superimposing tablets rimmed with inert materials as shown in the right part of the figure.
  • a focusing of the fragments is obtained.
  • the number and the height of each section is a function of the progressiveness which it is desired to adopt between the speeds V m and V M.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP89400806A 1988-03-31 1989-03-22 Explosivgeschoss mit Ausstreuungseffekt Expired - Lifetime EP0338874B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89400806T ATE100189T1 (de) 1988-03-31 1989-03-22 Explosivgeschoss mit ausstreuungseffekt.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8804256 1988-03-31
FR8804256A FR2629582B1 (fr) 1988-03-31 1988-03-31 Projectile explosif engendrant une gerbe d'eclats

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0338874A1 true EP0338874A1 (de) 1989-10-25
EP0338874B1 EP0338874B1 (de) 1994-01-12

Family

ID=9364827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89400806A Expired - Lifetime EP0338874B1 (de) 1988-03-31 1989-03-22 Explosivgeschoss mit Ausstreuungseffekt

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0338874B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE100189T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68912182D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2629582B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5535679A (en) * 1994-12-20 1996-07-16 Loral Vought Systems Corporation Low velocity radial deployment with predetermined pattern
US5691502A (en) * 1995-06-05 1997-11-25 Lockheed Martin Vought Systems Corp. Low velocity radial deployment with predeterminded pattern
EP1316774A1 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-04 GEKE Technologie GmbH Geschosse hoher Penetrations- und Lateralwirkung mit integrierter Zerlegungseinrichtung
EP2233879A3 (de) * 2009-03-23 2011-08-24 QinetiQ Limited Unempfindliche Munition
EP3034990B1 (de) 2014-12-19 2018-09-19 Diehl Defence GmbH & Co. KG Geschoss

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2176378C1 (ru) * 2000-06-27 2001-11-27 Государственное унитарное предприятие "Конструкторское бюро приборостроения" Реактивный снаряд

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2669182A (en) * 1949-03-29 1954-02-16 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Shattering and incendiary shell
US3498224A (en) * 1968-10-04 1970-03-03 Us Navy Fragmentation warhead having circumferential layers of cubical fragments
US4351240A (en) * 1975-02-28 1982-09-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Incendiary fragmentary warhead
US4351239A (en) * 1975-02-28 1982-09-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Warhead, incendiary
FR2599134A1 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-27 Matra Tete militaire pour engin

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2669182A (en) * 1949-03-29 1954-02-16 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Shattering and incendiary shell
US3498224A (en) * 1968-10-04 1970-03-03 Us Navy Fragmentation warhead having circumferential layers of cubical fragments
US4351240A (en) * 1975-02-28 1982-09-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Incendiary fragmentary warhead
US4351239A (en) * 1975-02-28 1982-09-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Warhead, incendiary
FR2599134A1 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-27 Matra Tete militaire pour engin

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5535679A (en) * 1994-12-20 1996-07-16 Loral Vought Systems Corporation Low velocity radial deployment with predetermined pattern
EP0718590B1 (de) * 1994-12-20 2002-03-27 Loral Vought Systems Corporation Splittergeschoss mit Radialausstoss mit niedriger Geschwindigkeit und bestimmtem Muster
US5691502A (en) * 1995-06-05 1997-11-25 Lockheed Martin Vought Systems Corp. Low velocity radial deployment with predeterminded pattern
EP0747660B1 (de) * 1995-06-05 2002-02-20 Loral Vought Systems Corporation Geschoss mit Mitteln für die radiale Zerstreung von Elementen gemäss einer bestimmten Verteilung
EP1316774A1 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-04 GEKE Technologie GmbH Geschosse hoher Penetrations- und Lateralwirkung mit integrierter Zerlegungseinrichtung
WO2003046470A1 (de) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-05 Futurtec Ag Geschosse hoher penetrations- und lateralwirkung mit integrierter zerlegungseinrichtung
US7231876B2 (en) * 2001-11-28 2007-06-19 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Projectiles possessing high penetration and lateral effect with integrated disintegration arrangement
AU2002356703B2 (en) * 2001-11-28 2008-08-07 Futurtec Ag Projectile having a high penetrating action and lateral action and equipped with an integrated fracturing device
EP2233879A3 (de) * 2009-03-23 2011-08-24 QinetiQ Limited Unempfindliche Munition
US8256350B2 (en) 2009-03-23 2012-09-04 Qinetiq Limited Insensitive munition
EP3034990B1 (de) 2014-12-19 2018-09-19 Diehl Defence GmbH & Co. KG Geschoss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2629582A1 (fr) 1989-10-06
FR2629582B1 (fr) 1993-06-04
ATE100189T1 (de) 1994-01-15
EP0338874B1 (de) 1994-01-12
DE68912182D1 (de) 1994-02-24

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