EP0342155A2 - Appareil de laboratoire pour chauffer ou refroidir à volonté - Google Patents

Appareil de laboratoire pour chauffer ou refroidir à volonté Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0342155A2
EP0342155A2 EP89810324A EP89810324A EP0342155A2 EP 0342155 A2 EP0342155 A2 EP 0342155A2 EP 89810324 A EP89810324 A EP 89810324A EP 89810324 A EP89810324 A EP 89810324A EP 0342155 A2 EP0342155 A2 EP 0342155A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laboratory device
cooling
heating
peltier elements
laboratory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89810324A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0342155A3 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Christian Dr. Ing. Agr. Knopf
Josef E. Jun. Sieber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGROGEN-STIFTUNG
Knopf Ulrich C Dr
Original Assignee
AGROGEN-STIFTUNG
Knopf Ulrich C Dr
Seyffer and Co
AGROGEN STIFTUNG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1918/88A external-priority patent/CH676332A5/de
Priority claimed from CH151989A external-priority patent/CH679282A5/de
Application filed by AGROGEN-STIFTUNG, Knopf Ulrich C Dr, Seyffer and Co, AGROGEN STIFTUNG filed Critical AGROGEN-STIFTUNG
Publication of EP0342155A2 publication Critical patent/EP0342155A2/fr
Publication of EP0342155A3 publication Critical patent/EP0342155A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
    • B01L7/52—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F25B21/04—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect reversible

Definitions

  • thermostated liquid baths especially water baths. They consist of a larger vessel, usually of a few liters, which is equipped with an electric heating device, a stirrer and often also with a circulation pump.
  • the heating device can be controlled by a temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the moved or circulated liquid can be kept at a certain, preset value.
  • a cooling device is also offered for such liquid baths, which makes it possible to keep the liquid temperature below the ambient temperature. This means that the liquid bath can be used as a cryostat in this case.
  • Conventional refrigerators operating on the compression or adsorption principle are used as cooling devices for such cryostats.
  • Such liquid baths which can be kept at a constant temperature by means of heating or cooling, are suitable for many laboratory tasks and are practical to use. They are suitable for the thermostatting of samples in vessels that are placed directly in the liquid bath, as well as for external heating or cooling of samples using liquid circulation.
  • electric heating plates are often also offered, which can also be equipped with a temperature sensor and a thermostat. They are also known in the trade available laboratory hot plates, in which a motor-driven rotating permanent magnet is also installed. This means that a liquid sample on the heating plate can be stirred at the same time by means of a magnetic rod immersed in the liquid.
  • the ice commonly used for cooling in the biological laboratory has many disadvantages: it has to be constantly renewed and requires a large and relatively expensive machine to be available. It is also not easy to keep sterile, and its handling is also impractical in many cases, for example for cooling the flat petri dishes.
  • Another disadvantage of ice as the coolant is due to its constant temperature of 0 o C. Lower temperatures can be reached by adding salt, but programming temperature changes here is also difficult due to the constant temperature of the coolant.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a handy device with which material and liquid samples can be heated and cooled or guided through predetermined temperature cycles in a small space and energy requirement, and which is specifically designed for the needs of biological, biochemical and genetic Laboratory is designed.
  • the device is designed in such a way that temperature cycles, some of which are above and some below room temperature, can also be carried out without any problems.
  • the device also requires very little space and is easy to keep sterile. It can be equipped with the necessary devices for stirring the samples or, due to its low weight and small dimensions, can even be accommodated on a conventional shaker.
  • the separation of the device into a working part on the one hand and a power and control part on the other hand proves to be a special advantage.
  • the working part of the device according to the invention essentially consists of a block (1) made of highly thermally conductive metal, preferably aluminum or stainless steel, which can be electrically heated and cooled with a flat work surface (2), on which either a vessel with the sample is placed, or - in another embodiment - a work module (14), also made of highly heat-conducting metal, with one or preferably several suitable recesses (15) for the sample vessels can.
  • a block (1) made of highly thermally conductive metal, preferably aluminum or stainless steel, which can be electrically heated and cooled with a flat work surface (2), on which either a vessel with the sample is placed, or - in another embodiment - a work module (14), also made of highly heat-conducting metal, with one or preferably several suitable recesses (15) for the sample vessels can.
  • one or more Peltier elements (5) whose thermally active pole faces (6) and (7) are in thermal contact with the metal block (1) and on the other hand stand with a heat exchanger (8).
  • a heat exchanger (8) There is an insulation layer (9) between the metal block (1) and the heat exchanger.
  • the metal block is surrounded by another insulation layer (10) along its edge.
  • the Peltier elements (5) consist of block-shaped blocks in which a large number of semiconductor pairs in a parallel arrangement and electrically connected in series are compactly combined. Such Peltier blocks heat up during the passage of a direct current on one surface and cool down accordingly on the opposite surface. By reversing the direction of the current, the heating and cooling surfaces can be interchanged with one another.
  • the bidding cooling or warming surfaces are referred to below as thermal pole surfaces.
  • the current direction is selected such that the upper thermal pole surfaces (6) of the Peltier elements heat up and the counter surfaces (7) cool down.
  • the heat given off is transferred to the metal block (1), on the surface (2) of which the samples to be heated, respectively.
  • the work modules holding the sample vessels are provided; the cooling of the lower surfaces (7) is transferred to the heat exchanger (8).
  • Peltier elements can be used as required. If these, electrically connected in parallel, are arranged in a single layer, the thermal output multiplies according to the number of elements used; the achievable temperature difference between the pole faces, which is essentially limited by the internal conductivity of the Peltier elements, remains unaffected. However, it is also possible to arrange the Peltier elements in two or more layers lying vertically one above the other, the opposite thermal pole faces of two Peltier elements lying one above the other being in contact with one another. These directly superimposed elements are thus thermally connected in series, and the achievable temperature difference between those with the metal block. The outer pole faces in contact with the heat exchanger can thereby be enlarged. Of course, if a larger number of Peltier elements are used, parallel and series connection can also be used simultaneously.
  • the heat exchanger consists of a metal block which is traversed by a system of channels through which a coolant, e.g. Water is circulated.
  • a coolant e.g. Water
  • the heat exchanger consists of a metal block, the outer surface of which is kept particularly large in the form of ribs. A rapid heat exchange with the surrounding air can be achieved by blowing on by means of an air flow generated by a fan (13). The temperature difference between the warm and the cold surface of the Peltier elements is always kept as small as possible, and the efficiency is optimized.
  • the current direction is reversed so that the upper surface (6) of the Peltier elements cools down and the lower surface (7) heats up.
  • the metal block (1) is thereby cooled; the one at the bottom Area (7) of the the heat emitted by the Peltier elements is transferred to the heat exchanger (8) and is dissipated from there to the environment.
  • the heatable and coolable working part with the metal block (1) is also replaced by additional interchangeable working modules (14, 17) in the form of metal blocks with openings (15) for the insertion of entire series of sample vessels, e.g. Glasses, ampoules, tubes or thin straws, so-called “straws” added.
  • sample vessels e.g. Glasses, ampoules, tubes or thin straws, so-called "straws" added.
  • Such block-shaped modules for different types of vessels are simply placed on the work surface (2) or, if necessary, screwed on, care being taken to ensure good thermal contact by precise surface treatment.
  • the outer surfaces of the modules that are not in contact with the working surface (2) of the metal block (1) are thermally insulated.
  • the interchangeable work module consists of a rectangular open trough (33) with a footplate (34) projecting laterally from it, which is used for heat exchange with the work table (2).
  • Tub and footplate can be made in one piece; the floor surface of the latter must be machined as precisely as possible for good contact with the work table (2).
  • the module can either be simply attached or screwed to the table of the heating and cooling device.
  • the tub of the work module can be filled with a liquid into which the sample vessels are inserted.
  • the pan is either covered with a grid or a lid with matching holes for inserting the vessels.
  • the trough is filled with a solid in particle form (40), for example in powder, granule or spherical form.
  • a solid in particle form 40
  • graphite powder or a filling of balls with a maximum diameter of approx. 5 mm made of metal or glass is suitable.
  • Such a solid filling can hold the sample vessels in any position; there is no need for a special tub cover with holding device.
  • the cavities It is also possible to fill up with a liquid between the solid particles, which can further improve the heat transfer.
  • the open trough serves to hold interchangeable inserts (43, 45) made of metal, which in turn are provided with openings (42, 44) for holding the sample vessels.
  • inserts In order to facilitate heat transfer, the inserts must of course be fitted into the tub with as little tolerance as possible; the same applies to fitting the sample vessels into the openings intended for them.
  • Handle screws (52) which can be screwed into the holes provided in the inserts, are used for easy insertion and removal of the tightly fitting inserts from the tub.
  • a heat-insulating cover (4) is used, which can also be provided with a sealing ring (49) for the purpose of good sealing and can be screwed to the trough.
  • the screws (47) for fastening the cover are expediently designed to be identical and interchangeable with the aforementioned grip screws for the inserts.
  • a module to be placed on the work surface consists of a metal block (17) which is equipped with internal channels (18) through which a liquid is circulated by means of a pump.
  • This liquid is either the sample itself, or e.g. Water or alcohol for use in external heat exchange.
  • a separate supply and control part (32) is provided, which is connected to the implement via the connection socket (27), in which on the one hand a clocked power supply unit (20) for supplying the supply direct current and on the other hand one of one Control electronics (21) influenced by temperature sensors are installed, by means of which a preset temperature is sought.
  • a clocked power supply unit (20) for supplying the supply direct current and on the other hand one of one Control electronics (21) influenced by temperature sensors are installed, by means of which a preset temperature is sought.
  • the clocked power supply used for the DC power supply to the Peltier elements chops the AC power of the network at a high frequency and then transforms it to a low voltage.
  • the low-voltage alternating current is finally rectified and smoothed and is then available as a feed current for the Peltier elements (5).
  • This type of supply allows the construction of a small and light device with optimal efficiency, which only produces a small amount of unwanted waste heat.
  • the control unit also contains a display device (22) on which either the set temperature, or the actual temperature of either the work block or, after switching by means of the switch (33), the sample itself can be read.
  • the signals for this are supplied by appropriate temperature probes: a probe built into the metal block (1) for the temperature of the work surface and an external probe (11) connected to the supply and control unit via the connection socket (27) for measuring the sample temperature.
  • the device is usually powered by the AC network. However, it is also possible to supply the device with a corresponding connection (29) with direct current, for example from a car battery with 12 V voltage. As a result, the device, which is already handy, is also particularly suitable for mobile work, for example in a car, on the train or even in an aircraft or spacecraft.
  • the separation of the working section from the supply and control section offers special advantages wherever the heating and cooling device has to be housed in a confined space or where the heat loss developed at the supply device is undesirable in the vicinity of the sample.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
EP89810324A 1988-05-13 1989-04-28 Appareil de laboratoire pour chauffer ou refroidir à volonté Withdrawn EP0342155A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1918/88 1988-05-13
CH1918/88A CH676332A5 (en) 1988-05-13 1988-05-13 Temp. control for laboratory specimens
CH1519/89 1989-04-21
CH151989A CH679282A5 (en) 1989-04-21 1989-04-21 Temp. control for laboratory specimens

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0342155A2 true EP0342155A2 (fr) 1989-11-15
EP0342155A3 EP0342155A3 (fr) 1990-06-27

Family

ID=25687877

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89810324A Withdrawn EP0342155A3 (fr) 1988-05-13 1989-04-28 Appareil de laboratoire pour chauffer ou refroidir à volonté

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5061630A (fr)
EP (1) EP0342155A3 (fr)
CA (1) CA1317646C (fr)

Cited By (13)

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EP0606961A1 (fr) * 1989-06-12 1994-07-20 Johnson & Johnson Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. Dispositif de régulation de température pour récipient de réaction
WO1998043740A3 (fr) * 1997-03-28 1998-12-17 Perkin Elmer Corp Ameliorations apportees a un cycleur thermique pour pcr
EP1386666A1 (fr) * 1997-03-28 2004-02-04 PE Corporation (NY) Ameliorations apportees à un cycleur thermique pour PCR
EP1452608A1 (fr) * 1990-11-29 2004-09-01 Applera Corporation Réaction de polymérase en chaíne automatisée
US7133726B1 (en) 1997-03-28 2006-11-07 Applera Corporation Thermal cycler for PCR
US7238517B2 (en) 1990-11-29 2007-07-03 Applera Corporation Thermal cycler for automatic performance of the polymerase chain reaction with close temperature control
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CN102047144B (zh) * 2008-03-25 2014-05-07 株式会社岛津制作所 放射线成像装置
CN114234532A (zh) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-25 深圳市瑞沃德生命科技有限公司 一种制冷装置及其冷冻切片机
RU2847136C1 (ru) * 2024-11-08 2025-09-26 Объединенный Институт Ядерных Исследований (Оияи) Устройство для охлаждения биологических образцов

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US5061630A (en) 1991-10-29
EP0342155A3 (fr) 1990-06-27

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