EP0342340B1 - Echangeur thermique pour gaz contenant des particules en suspension - Google Patents

Echangeur thermique pour gaz contenant des particules en suspension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0342340B1
EP0342340B1 EP89105487A EP89105487A EP0342340B1 EP 0342340 B1 EP0342340 B1 EP 0342340B1 EP 89105487 A EP89105487 A EP 89105487A EP 89105487 A EP89105487 A EP 89105487A EP 0342340 B1 EP0342340 B1 EP 0342340B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cyclone
gas
dip tube
inlet pipe
dip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89105487A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0342340A3 (en
EP0342340A2 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Rother
Heinz-Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Schmits
Heinz-Werner Dipl.-Ing. Thiemeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Krupp Polysius AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Polysius AG filed Critical Krupp Polysius AG
Publication of EP0342340A2 publication Critical patent/EP0342340A2/fr
Publication of EP0342340A3 publication Critical patent/EP0342340A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0342340B1 publication Critical patent/EP0342340B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • B04C5/26—Multiple arrangement thereof for series flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floating gas heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular a floating gas preheater for a heat exchange between gas and fines in front of a kiln.
  • Suspended gas preheaters of the required type are well known in practice. They are widely used, for example, in the cement, lime and plaster industry as well as in the processing of ore materials.
  • a cyclone preheater version in which centrally arranged separating cyclones of larger diameter and essentially conventional design as well as several outer separating cyclones of smaller diameter with downward sloping cover walls and feed lines are provided in individual levels, whereby a special distribution device is connected to the upper gas outlet pipe of each central separating cyclone, which is connected on the one hand to the lines leading to the outer cyclones and on the other hand to a good outlet line from the next central separating cyclone.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a suspended gas heat exchanger of the type required in the preamble of claim 1 in particular that, with a relatively simple construction, it works particularly advantageously with regard to pressure losses and dust separation, both for the execution of the individual separating cyclones and for the overall construction can.
  • this floating gas preheater (and also referred to as cyclone preheater), which is preferably used for preheating and calcining raw cement flour, is explained.
  • the suspended gas preheater contains a number of separating cyclones which are arranged approximately vertically axially in superimposed floors, this suspended gas preheater being assigned to or connected upstream of a kiln, for example designed as a rotary kiln 5, for the preheated raw cement meal.
  • the bottom separating cyclone 4 of the preheater is connected to the rotary kiln 5 on the one hand via a good line 6 and on the other hand via a furnace off-gas line 7.
  • this kiln exhaust gas line 7 can at the same time be designed as a calcining device for the raw cement meal preheated in the individual cyclone stages.
  • the upper section 7a of the furnace exhaust line 7 is - as in Fig.1 indicated - bent approximately in a loop, and it opens into the inlet port 1a of this bottom separating cyclone 1 with an obliquely downwardly inclined, approximately straight end.
  • All separating cyclones 1, 2, 3, 4 each contain - as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2 - an essentially straight, preferably largely cylindrical upper part 8, which has a flat (straight-sided) cyclone top wall 9, and also a coaxial with the upper part 8 connected, funnel-shaped lower part 10, an approximately tangentially (see FIG. 3) into the upper part 8 inlet stub 11 for the gas-good mixture, further a gas outlet pipe 12 leading from the area of the cyclone top wall 9 and one to the lower The end of the lower part 10 is followed by a good outlet pipe 13. As can be seen in FIG. 2 - an essentially straight, preferably largely cylindrical upper part 8, which has a flat (straight-sided) cyclone top wall 9, and also a coaxial with the upper part 8 connected, funnel-shaped lower part 10, an approximately tangentially (see FIG. 3) into the upper part 8 inlet stub 11 for the gas-good mixture, further a gas outlet pipe 12 leading from the area of the cyclone top wall 9
  • the separating cyclones 1 to 4 are connected to one another by gas lines 14 to 16 and by good lines 17 to 19, these gas lines 14 to 16 being connected to the corresponding inlet connections 11 and gas outlet pipes 12 and the good lines 17 to 19 to the corresponding good outlet pipes 13 on the one hand and to the gas lines of the next depth ren cyclone days on the other hand are connected in a generally known manner;
  • the furnace exhaust gas line 7 and the good line 6 from the bottom separating cyclone 8 must also be added, as has already been described above.
  • the raw cement meal to be heated is fed to the uppermost separating cyclone 4 according to arrow 20 via the associated gas line 16, while the exhaust gas (dashed arrow 21) is fed via an exhaust line 22 from the uppermost separating cyclone 4 is discharged.
  • All separating cyclones 1 to 4 basically have the same design features in that their cyclone end walls 9 and their inlet connections 11 (or 1a at the lowest cyclone 1) are inclined at the same acute angle ⁇ to the horizontal H, as is the case both in FIG. 2 and in FIG can be seen from the cyclone diagrams in Fig.1.
  • the said angle of inclination ⁇ of the cyclone cover walls and inlet connection can be approximately 5 to 45 °; in practical implementation, however, it can be approximately 12 to 20 °, preferably approximately 15 °.
  • the mouth end 7a 'of the loop-shaped section 7a of the furnace exhaust line 7 and the inlet port 1a and the cyclone top wall 91 of the bottom separating cyclone 1 have a slope in the gas flow direction.
  • the inlet connection 11 and the cyclone cover walls 9 of all the other separating cyclones 2 to 4 have an incline which increases in the flow direction, as can be seen in FIG. 2 as well as in FIG.
  • the separating cyclones in the previously known heat exchangers usually do not have a dip tube, since this is particularly due to the high thermal loads there are significant problems with the life of these dip tubes.
  • the gas outlet pipes 12 of the separating cyclones 1 and 2 provided in the hotter area of the heat exchanger only protrude into the upper part of the cyclone 8 in the form of a relatively short dip tube collar, as shown in FIG. 2 by a dash-dotted line at 23a is indicated.
  • the length of such a dip tube collar 23a corresponds approximately to 0.05 to 0.2 times, preferably approximately 0.07 to 0.15 times the diameter d of this dip tube collar, this diameter d in turn being the diameter of the Corresponding gas outlet pipe 12 above.
  • both the dip tube 23 and the dip tube collar 23a is cut off obliquely, so that in both cases there is an orifice opening (see, for example, 23 ') which lies in one plane, which runs essentially parallel to the cyclone top wall 9.
  • This state of affairs can also be seen in the upper cyclones 2 to 4 in FIG. 1, that is to say in the separating cyclones into which the mouth end of the ascending gas lines 14 to 16 and the inlet connections 11 and the cyclone cover walls 9 are inclined so as to rise in the gas flow direction.
  • the dip tube 23 or the dip tube collar 23a is rotated about the vertical tube axis VA so that the lowest point, for example 23 ", of each dip tube and dip tube collar in the associated upper cyclone part 8 faces approximately the area of the inlet opening 11 ′ of the inlet nozzle 11.
  • the obliquely cut-off mouth end of the dip tube collar 23a 'about the vertical tube axis VA is then also rotated such that the lowest point of this dip tube collar 23a' again faces approximately the area of the inflow opening of the inlet connection 1a there, as can be seen in a comparison between the representation in Fig.1 and the representation in Fig.2 can easily imagine without additional graphic explanation.
  • each separating cyclone 1 to 4 the associated immersion tube 23 'or the associated immersion tube collar 23a or 23a' is located on its the inflow opening of the inlet connection 11 or 1a and the inflow peripheral section of the Cyclone upper part 8 facing circumferential region has a downward, apron-like extension, as is indicated in FIG. 2 only by dash-dotted lines at 24.
  • the vertical tube axis RA of the dip tube 123 (or a corresponding dip tube collar) runs at a corresponding distance parallel to the associated vertical cyclone axis VA, the vertical tube axis of the associated gas outlet tube expediently coinciding with the vertical tube axis RA of the dip tube 123.
  • a floating gas heat exchanger with the separating cyclones designed and arranged according to the invention can also be designed without a calcining device (and without a calcining loop), i.e. it then only consists of completely identical cyclones corresponding to the separating cyclones 2 to 4 in FIG. 1 or that shown in FIG. 2.
  • a floating gas heat exchanger arranged from the separating cyclones according to FIG. 2 can be adapted and used not only for heating powdery and fine-grained fine material, but - as is known per se - for cooling fine material.
  • the upper part of the separating cyclones in the substantially straight, cylindrical shape - somewhat different from the representation in Figs. 2 and 3 - can also be designed so that the approximately tangentially connected to it inlet connector for the gas-good mixture can also be connected approximately spirally, ie at the upper end of the cyclone upper part, the inlet connector closes via a corresponding Circumferential section in the form of an entry spiral, this upper circumferential section of the upper part — viewed in plan — shrinking spirally from the entry opening to the connection to the remaining cylindrical section (as is known per se).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur avec un gaz de suspension, destiné à un échange de chaleur entre un gaz et une matière à granulométrie fine, comprenant :
    a) de multiples cyclones séparateurs (1à 4) à axe sensiblement vertical, disposés en étages superposés, dont chacun comprend
    a₁) une partie supérieure sensiblement rectiligne comprenant une cloison de couverture plane (9, 9₁),
    a₂) une partie inférieure (10) reliée coaxialement à la partie supérieure,
    a₃) une tubulure (1a, 11) d'entrée d'un mélange de gaz et de matière qui débouche à peu près tangentiellement dans la partie supérieure,
    a₄) un tuyau de sortie de gaz (12) menant vers le haut et vers l'extérieur de la cloison de couverture (9, 9₁) et
    a₅) un tuyau de sortie de matière (13) se raccordant à l'extrémité inférieure de la partie inférieure (10),
    b) des conduits de gaz et de matière (14 à 16, 17 à 19) qui relient les uns aux autres les cyclones séparateurs (1 à 4) et qui de leur côté sont raccordés aux tubulures correspondantes d'entrée ainsi qu'aux tuyaux de sortie de gaz et de matière des cyclones,
    c) un conduit de gaz (7) raccordé au cyclone séparateur inférieur (1) et dont la partie supérieure (7a) est recourbée en lacet et débouche dans la tubulure d'entrée de gaz (1a) de ce cyclone séparateur inférieur,
       caractérisé en ce que la cloison de couverture des cyclones (9, 9₁) et la tubulure d'entrée (1a, 11) de chaque cyclone séparateur (1 à 4) sont inclinées sur l'horizontale (H) en inscrivant un angle aigu (α) avec elle, l'extrémité de l'embouchure (7a') de la partie en lacet (7a) du conduit de gaz (7) ainsi que la tubulure d'entrée (1a) et la cloison de couverture (9₁) du cyclone séparateur inférieur (1) présentant une inclinaison descendante (α) dans le sens de la circulation des gaz, tandis que les tubulures d'entrée (11) et les cloisons de couverture (9) de tous les autres cyclones séparateurs (2 à 4) ont une inclinaison ascendante vers le haut (α) dans le sens de la circulation des gaz.
  2. Echangeur de chaleur avec un gaz de suspension selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé en réchauffeur de gaz de suspension et le conduit de gaz raccordé au cyclone séparateur inférieur (1) est formé d'un conduit d'évacuation des gaz du four (7) qui relie ce cyclone à un four de cuisson (5) et qui est réalisé aussi en dispositif de calcination.
  3. Réchauffeur de gaz de suspension selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'angle d'inclinaison de la cloison de couverture des cyclones (9, 9₁) et des tubulures d'entrée (1a, 11) est d'environ 5 à 45°, de préférence d'environ 12 à 20°.
  4. Réchauffeur de gaz de suspension selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité du conduit correspondant d'arrivée de gaz (7, 14 à 16) qui est raccordée à la tubulure d'entrée (1a, 11) de chaque cyclone séparateur (1 à 4) est inclinée sensiblement suivant le même angle et dans le même sens que ceux de la tubulure d'entrée.
  5. Réchauffeur des gaz de suspension selon la revendication 2, dans lequel au moins les tuyaux de sortie de gaz (12) des cyclones séparateurs (3 et 4) prévus dans la partie la plus froide du réchauffeur sont prolongés coaxialement vers le bas en tubes plongeurs (23, 123) pénétrant dans la partie supérieure (8), caractérisé en ce que les tuyaux de sortie de gaz des cyclones séparateurs (1, 2) prévus dans la partie la plus chaude du réchauffeur ne sont prolongés que sous la forme d'un col de tube plongeur (23a) relativement court qui pénètre dans la partie supérieure des cyclones (8), la longueur (h₂) du col de tube plongeur (23a) correspondant à peu près à 0,05 - jusqu'à 0,2 fois, de préférence à 0,07 jusqu'à 0,15 fois le diamètre (d) de ce col de tube plongeur.
  6. Réchauffeur des gaz de suspension selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'orifice (23') de l'embouchure de l'extrémité inférieure aussi bien des tubes plongeurs (23) que des cols de tubes plongeurs (23a) est situé dans un plan qui est sensiblement parallèle à la cloison de couverture (9) des cyclones.
  7. Réchauffeur de gaz de suspension selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité inférieure de l'embouchure aussi bien des tubes plongeurs que des cols de tubes plongeurs est coupée obliquement, les tubes plongeurs (23, 23a, 23a') étant tournés autour de leur axe (VA) de manière que le point le plus bas (23") de chaque tube plongeur et de chaque col de tube plongeur qui est situé dans la partie supérieure du cyclone correspondant (8) soit tourné à peu près vers l'orifice d'admission (11') de la tubulure d'entrée (11, 1a).
  8. Réchauffeur de gaz de suspension selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le tube plongeur correspondant (23) ou le col de tube plongeur correspondant (23a) situé dans chaque cyclone séparateur (1 à 4) comporte dans sa partie circonférencielle tournée vers l'orifice d'admission (11') de la tubulure d'entrée (11, 1a) et vers la partie circonférencielle d'admission (8a) de la partie supérieure du cyclone (8) un prolongement (24) en forme de tablier qui est orienté vers le bas.
  9. Réchauffeur de gaz de suspension selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'axe vertical (VA) des tubes plongeurs (23) et des cols de tube plongeur (23a, 23a') coïncide avec l'axe vertical correspondant (VA) du cyclone.
  10. Réchauffeur de gaz de suspension selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les tubes plongeurs (123) et les cols de tubes plongeurs - observés en vue en plan des cyclones séparateurs - sont décalés excentriquement à l'intérieur de la partie supérieure correspondante (8) vers la partie circonférencielle (8b) qui est à peu près à l'opposée de la partie circonférencielle d'admission (8a), leur axe vertical (RA) étant parallèle à l'axe vertical (VA) du cyclone correspondant.
EP89105487A 1988-05-20 1989-03-28 Echangeur thermique pour gaz contenant des particules en suspension Expired - Lifetime EP0342340B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3817355A DE3817355A1 (de) 1988-05-20 1988-05-20 Schwebegas-waermetauscher
DE3817355 1988-05-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0342340A2 EP0342340A2 (fr) 1989-11-23
EP0342340A3 EP0342340A3 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0342340B1 true EP0342340B1 (fr) 1993-06-16

Family

ID=6354859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89105487A Expired - Lifetime EP0342340B1 (fr) 1988-05-20 1989-03-28 Echangeur thermique pour gaz contenant des particules en suspension

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4901448A (fr)
EP (1) EP0342340B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1315096C (fr)
DE (2) DE3817355A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2040919T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4222593A1 (de) * 1992-07-09 1994-01-13 Krupp Polysius Ag Wärmetauscher mit Zyklonen mit nach unten herausgeführtem Tauchrohr
DE19917310A1 (de) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-19 Krupp Polysius Ag Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Material
DE19960575A1 (de) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-21 Krupp Polysius Ag Verfahren und Anlage zur Reduktion von Feinerzen
CN1331738C (zh) * 2000-09-01 2007-08-15 山东鲁北企业集团总公司 一种石膏分解工艺及装置
DE102009042013B4 (de) * 2009-09-21 2015-05-07 Outotec Oyj Zyklon für die Abscheidung klebriger Partikel aus Gasströmen
CN104100968B (zh) * 2014-07-25 2016-03-30 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 一种带有整体倾斜中心筒的循环流化床锅炉旋风分离器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1090940B (de) * 1954-07-30 1960-10-13 Reinhold Kamps Dipl Ing Dr Fliehkraftstaubabscheider mit einem oder mehreren in einem Gehaeuse angeordneten Zyklonen, insbesondere fuer Krackanlagen
US2797077A (en) * 1954-08-07 1957-06-25 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Apparatus for preheating kiln-feed material by kiln-exit gases
DE1154768B (de) * 1960-07-27 1963-09-19 Westfalia Dinnendahl Groeppel Einrichtung zum Vorwaermen und Trocknen von Zementrohmehl oder anderem feinkoernigem Gut
US3865242A (en) * 1972-12-15 1975-02-11 Combustion Eng Upstream classifier for a multi-separator
DE3000494A1 (de) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-09 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum Verfahren und anlage zur waermebehandlung von feinkoernigem gut
DE3111527A1 (de) * 1981-03-24 1982-10-07 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum Waermetauscher
DE3542271C1 (en) * 1985-11-29 1987-06-25 Krupp Gmbh Apparatus for heat recovery and removing dusts from hot exhaust gases

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 9, Nr. 78 (C-274)(1801), 06 April 1985# *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0342340A3 (en) 1990-05-16
CA1315096C (fr) 1993-03-30
DE58904693D1 (de) 1993-07-22
EP0342340A2 (fr) 1989-11-23
ES2040919T3 (es) 1993-11-01
DE3817355A1 (de) 1989-11-30
US4901448A (en) 1990-02-20

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