EP0344437A1 - Diviseur hybride de puissance, en particulier hybride à trois portes - Google Patents

Diviseur hybride de puissance, en particulier hybride à trois portes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344437A1
EP0344437A1 EP89106471A EP89106471A EP0344437A1 EP 0344437 A1 EP0344437 A1 EP 0344437A1 EP 89106471 A EP89106471 A EP 89106471A EP 89106471 A EP89106471 A EP 89106471A EP 0344437 A1 EP0344437 A1 EP 0344437A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hybrid
waveguides
gate
chain
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89106471A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Grundig E.M.V. Max Grundig Bauerschmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grundig EMV Elektromechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig GmbH
Original Assignee
Grundig EMV Elektromechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Grundig EMV Elektromechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig GmbH filed Critical Grundig EMV Elektromechanische Versuchsanstalt Max Grundig GmbH
Publication of EP0344437A1 publication Critical patent/EP0344437A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hybrid power divider according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Hybrid couplers also called hybrid branches, in stripline technology are used, for example, in mixers, phase shifters, power dividers, etc.
  • the stripline technology has the advantages of being easier to manufacture and requiring less space.
  • Hybrid couplers are usually designed as a square hybrid or ring hybrid. Embodiments of hybrid couplers are described and explained in detail in the specialist book "Microwave Technology", Volume 1 by E. Pehl, published by Hüthig-Verlag Heidelberg, pp. 195-199. For a quadrilateral hybrid, it is pointed out on page 197 of the book “Microwave Technology", Volume 1, that by inserting further transverse branches, i.e. Chain arrangement of such quadrangular hybrids, an increase in bandwidth is possible.
  • FIG. 1 Figure 4.12 of the aforementioned "Microwave Technology" book, volume 1, page 199 shows an embodiment for a hybrid power divider.
  • the well-known three-wire hybrid power divider using stripline technology enables power to be divided equally (3 dB divider) with in-phase output signals at the two outputs. Using the reciprocity, this three-port hybrid power divider can also be used when connecting two generators that feed one consumer. For this application shown in FIG. 1, there are demands for a decoupling of the two generators G1 and G2 and a minimum attenuation of the generator output signals by the hybrid power divider.
  • the cable length of the two waveguides L1 and L2 between gate 1 and gate 3 or gate 2 and gate 3 is 2/4.
  • the generator signal fed in at gate 1, which has a frequency f o appears to be ideal lines, attenuated by 3 dB and phase-shifted by 90 o at gate 3.
  • Gate 3 is connected to gate 2 via waveguide L2, so that the generator signal fed in at gate 1 is attenuated by 3 dB and appears at gate 2 shifted in phase by 180 o .
  • Gate 1 and gate 2 are connected to one another by means of a compensating resistor R, which is dimensioned such that the powers of the generator signal supplied via the compensating resistor R and of the generator signal supplied via the two 2/4 long waveguides L1, L2 are the same. Signals with a phase difference of 180 o thus meet at gate 2. This results in cancellation of the two signals at gate 2, ie gate 1 and gate 2 are decoupled. The same applies in the opposite direction when a generator signal is fed in at gate 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows the operational damping (decoupling damping) of the three-port hybrid shown in FIG. 1.
  • Complete extinction takes place only at the frequency f o and above or below this frequency f o the decoupling attenuation drops again.
  • bandwidths within which the damping values are sufficient can be reached in the order of one octave, based on the generator frequencies.
  • the chain arrangement of the quadrilateral hybrids can increase the bandwidth of the hybrid power divider, ie shift the damping pole at frequency f o in the direction of larger damping values, but the disadvantage is the higher space requirement.
  • a cascade filter system is known from DE-PS 26 60 472, in which two vibration sources with different frequencies work alternately or simultaneously on a common consumer.
  • the transmission channels leading from the two vibration sources to the consumer are coupled to one another by means of hybrid couplers, the hybrid couplers being connected in cascade via delay means.
  • the delay means have an adjustable delay device in the form of two line sections which are coupled in the same direction via a directional coupler and to which a short-circuit slide is assigned.
  • the number of pole points can be specified in the cascade filter system by means of the hybrid coupler and the position of the pole points can be shifted by the delay values set on the delay means.
  • Such a filter system requires a lot of circuitry, the exact matching and joining of the chain links, especially when changing the effective line length of the adjustable, short-circuited line sections.
  • the bandwidth of the chain links within which the damping values are of a reasonable order of magnitude is relatively small.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a hybrid power divider in such a way that both an increase in the bandwidth within which the decoupling attenuation values lie in useful orders of magnitude and also a freely selectable specification of the position and number of pole positions is made possible.
  • the hybrid power divider according to the invention has the advantage that the frequency range in which the gates 1 and 2 are decoupled can be freely selected.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 has the advantage that an identical, periodically repetitive damping curve of the decoupling damping of the chain elements is achieved in the blocking region.
  • the attenuation values in the stop band are between 30 dB and 50 dB.
  • a damping pole can be shifted in a simple manner in a specific sub-frequency band of the blocking region. A reduction in the decoupling attenuation occurs at higher frequencies in the sub-frequency band.
  • the three-port hybrid shown in FIG. 3 has two entrance gates 1, 2 and one exit gate 3.
  • the generators G1, G2 connected to the input gates 1, 2 are connected to the consumer V connected to the output gate 3 via a chain arrangement of chain elements K1, K2, ..., KN.
  • each chain element K1, K2, ..., KN each has two waveguides L11, L12; L21, L22; ...; LN1, LN2 with compensation resistor R1, R2, ..., RN arranged between these waveguides.
  • the waveguides L11, L12 etc. generate phase-shifted signals which are compensated for by the signal carried by the compensation resistor, for example R1.
  • the frequency range in which the gates 1 and 2 are to be decoupled is free due to the number of chain elements K1, K2, ..., KN selectable.
  • the quality of the damping poles can be determined by dimensioning the line wave resistance of the waveguides L11, L12 etc., the value of the compensating resistors R1, R2, ..., RN and the terminating impedances at the gates 1 to 3. As a result, the damping curve can be easily adapted to requirements with regard to the number, position and quality of the damping poles.
  • the frequency spacing of the damping poles is determined by the line length 1 of the waveguides L11, L12, etc. This makes it possible in a simple manner to reduce the increase in the decoupling attenuation between the pole points delimiting the partial frequency band in a predeterminable partial frequency band by inserting further chain elements.
  • FIG. 4 shows the damping curve for the embodiment of a three-port hybrid according to the invention shown in FIG. 3.
  • the upper limit frequency f n of the stop band is determined by the shortest line length of the two waveguides of the chain element, for example, K1, which at the cutoff frequency f n 1/4 of the wavelength with respect to the cutoff frequency f l is n.
  • the value of the resistance R is determined by the characteristic impedance of the waveguides, for example L11, L12, the terminating impedances at gates 1 to 3 and the required blocking attenuation at the pole points at the frequencies f 1, f 2, ... f n .
  • the characteristic impedance of the waveguides for example L11, L12
  • the terminating impedances at gates 1 to 3 and the required blocking attenuation at the pole points at the frequencies f 1, f 2, ... f n .
  • At frequency f n + 1 there is no decoupling between gates 1 and 2, ie a pass band occurs between frequencies f n and f n + 2 .
  • the position of the zero point at the frequency f n + 1 is determined by the wavelength l of the waveguide.
  • Such a filter arrangement can preferably be used as a filter for frequency multiplication, in order to pass the frequency lying at the frequency f n + 1 and to select the pole points in such a way that the undesired frequencies are suppressed.
  • the bandwidth of the pass band at the center frequency f n + 1 and the quality of the damping poles is determined by the wave resistance of the waveguides, e.g. L11, L 12 etc., the value of the compensating resistors R1, R2 etc. and the terminating impedances at gates 1 to 3 certainly.
  • the hybrid power divider according to the invention can be adapted in a simple manner to a predeterminable damping curve, the bandwidth of the pass band and the stop band as well as the number and position of the pole points in the stop band. Furthermore, there is a wide range of possible uses, for example in measuring technology, for measuring the selectivity (adjacent channel attenuation); an advantage in receiver technology for frequency conversion (mixer) etc.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
EP89106471A 1988-04-30 1989-04-12 Diviseur hybride de puissance, en particulier hybride à trois portes Withdrawn EP0344437A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3814744 1988-04-30
DE19883814744 DE3814744A1 (de) 1988-04-30 1988-04-30 Hybrid-leistungsteiler, insbesondere dreitoriger hybrid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0344437A1 true EP0344437A1 (fr) 1989-12-06

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EP89106471A Withdrawn EP0344437A1 (fr) 1988-04-30 1989-04-12 Diviseur hybride de puissance, en particulier hybride à trois portes

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EP (1) EP0344437A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3814744A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663477A1 (fr) * 1990-06-18 1991-12-20 Alcatel Trasmission Faisceaux Melangeur actif a large bande.
AU625827B2 (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-07-16 Marconi Company Limited, The Radio frequency network
WO2006123289A3 (fr) * 2005-05-20 2007-02-15 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Systeme integre d'amplificateur de type doherty possedant une efficacite de puissance elevee

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10130114B4 (de) * 2001-06-21 2016-10-27 Grundig Multimedia B.V. Vorrichtung für das Zusammenführen oder Aufteilen von Hochfrequenzsignalen

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, Band MTT-16, Nr. 2, Februar 1968, Seiten 110-116; S.B. COHN: "A class of broadband three-port TEM-mode hybrids" *
MICROWAVE JOURNAL, Band 27, Nr. 11, November 1984, Seiten 125-126,128,132,134-135, Dedham, Massachusetts, US; C.Q. LI et al.: "CAD/CAE design of an improved, wideband Wilkinson power divider" *
MICROWAVE JOURNAL, Band 30, Nr. 4, April 1987, Seiten 155-156,158,160,162,164,166, Norwood, MA, US; R.G. BOSISIO et al.: "Computer-aided evaluation of manufacturing tolerances of an optimized, wideband Wilkinson power divider" *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU625827B2 (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-07-16 Marconi Company Limited, The Radio frequency network
FR2663477A1 (fr) * 1990-06-18 1991-12-20 Alcatel Trasmission Faisceaux Melangeur actif a large bande.
WO2006123289A3 (fr) * 2005-05-20 2007-02-15 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Systeme integre d'amplificateur de type doherty possedant une efficacite de puissance elevee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3814744A1 (de) 1989-11-09
DE8816832U1 (de) 1990-09-20

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