EP0345252B1 - Poussoir de came a levee variable - Google Patents

Poussoir de came a levee variable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345252B1
EP0345252B1 EP87906051A EP87906051A EP0345252B1 EP 0345252 B1 EP0345252 B1 EP 0345252B1 EP 87906051 A EP87906051 A EP 87906051A EP 87906051 A EP87906051 A EP 87906051A EP 0345252 B1 EP0345252 B1 EP 0345252B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
cam
cam follower
hydraulic
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87906051A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0345252A4 (fr
EP0345252A1 (fr
Inventor
Donald Charles Wride
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Individual
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Priority to AT87906051T priority Critical patent/ATE74183T1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to variable lift cam followers.
  • US 4502426 discloses a mechanism for varying the lift of a valve of an internal combustion engine, the valve being controlled by means of a cam lobe on a rotatable cam shaft.
  • This mechanism may be considered to include a support member, mounted for rotation about the axis of the said cam shaft, providing a pivot axis spaced radially from the said cam shaft.
  • the mechanism may also be considered to include a first lever, mounted on the said support member for pivotal movement about the said pivot axis, having at one side thereof a first actuating surface, which bears against the said cam lobe when the mechanism is in use, and having at an opposite side thereof a second actuating surface, which surface serves to control displacement of a cam follower of the mechanism used to actuate the said valve, whereby such rotation of the said support member can bring about variation of the timing of lift of the valve relative to the rotation of the said cam shaft.
  • a secondary cam (lever) is interposed between the primary cam of the cam shaft and the valve stem (cam follower) and is mounted for pivotal movement on a support shaft which is rotatable around the cam shaft.
  • the secondary cam has a profile shaped such that as the secondary cam is varied in position the timing of opening/closing of the valve is varied and also the degree of lift of the valve is varied.
  • this prior mechanism is such that variations in the timing of lift of the valve are inevitably accompanied by variations in the degree of lift.
  • variable lift cam follower mechanism in which variations in the lift and timing of the valve are not so strongly linked to one another.
  • a mechanism for varying the lift of a valve the valve being controlled by means of a cam lobe on a rotatable cam shaft
  • which mechanism includes: a support member, mounted for rotation about the axis of the said cam shaft, providing a pivot axis spaced radially from the said cam shaft; and a first lever, mounted on the said support member for pivotal movement about the said pivot axis, having at one side thereof a first actuating surface, which bears against the said cam lobe when the mechanism is in use, and having at an opposite side thereof a second actuating surface, which surface serves to control displacement of a cam follower of the mechanism used to actuate the said valve, whereby such rotation of the said support member can bring about variation of the timing of lift of the valve relative to the rotation of the said cam shaft; characterised by a sleeve, coaxial with the cam shaft and rotatable thereabout, having pivotally connected thereto a second lever that has at a side thereof facing the cam shaft
  • Figure 1 shows, by way of background information, a mechanism, for varying the lift of a valve, not embodying the present invention. Hydraulic arrangements shown in Fig. 1 (and in Fig. 4) are, however, also applicable to mechanisms embodying the present invention.
  • the mechanism of Fig. 1 includes a cam shaft 1 provided with a number of cam lobes 2 corresponding to the number of inlet and exhaust valves 3 (only one is shown in Fig. 1) of the internal combustion engine, the cam shaft operating in a housing 4.
  • the housing 4 includes end plates 5 which are rotatable in the housing 4 about the cam shaft 1, a plurality of intermediate plates 5′ being mounted in the housing, these intermediate plates being spaced intermediate the adjacent cam lobes 2.
  • the plates 5, 5′ are connected by a pair of diametrically opposed shafts 6 to support and add stability to the assembly to allow movement to be rigid and accurate, one of the shafts 6 having pivoted thereon cam levers 7 acting between the cam lobes 2 and the cam followers 8.
  • a lever 9 is attached to one of the plates 5 so that the plates may be rotated about the cam shaft 1 so that in this way the timing of the opening of the inlet and exhaust valves of the engine can be varied.
  • the cam levers 7 can be of any desired shape, having a bearing area 10 to bear on the cam lobe 2, the body of the lever preferably being a thin flange-like construction which can be lightened by the incorporation of holes therein, and also having an upper bearing surface 11, for the cam follower 8, in the form of a flange or the like.
  • the contour of the upper surface 11 is curved and is ground concentric with the cam shaft 1.
  • the plates 5 are rotatable about the cam shaft with the cam levers contacting and moving relative to the cam shaft 1, and each cam lever 7 has its bearing surface 11 extended for contact with the cam follower.
  • valve 3 is operated by a rocker arm 12 which is actuated by a hydraulic piston 13, a spring 14 maintaining the piston 13 against a bearing member 15 on the rocker 12.
  • Hydraulic fluid is supplied through line 16 from a pump and pressure relief valve through a manifold block 17 which distributes fluid to all the valves of the engine, a line 18 connecting the manifold block to the piston chamber 19.
  • Line 20 connects the piston chamber 19 to the bore 21 in housing 4 in which the cam follower 8 moves, the cam follower at its inner end forming a cam follower piston 22, a spring 23′ acting on the piston 22 to maintain contact of the follower 8 with the lever 7.
  • An adjustable bleed valve 23 connects to the bore 21, the bleed valve being adjustable by lever 24 and control member 25 and a one way valve 26 is provided on the inlet to the block 17.
  • a further one way valve (not shown) is provided in the outlet of the block.
  • US-4278233 discloses a hydraulic system for actuating gas-change valves in an internal combustion engine in which a cam lobe actuates an input piston formed integrally with the cam follower.
  • a control line leads from the input cylinder to the output cylinder which has an output piston adapted to actuate a gas-change valve.
  • the system concerned includes infinitely adjustable throttle means for adjusting the specific lift of the valve but does not permit adjustment of the timing of the valves.
  • the supply of pressure fluid to line 16 can be provided by a further cam follower 27 operated by a further cam lobe 28 on a further cam shaft 29, and supplied by a pump 30 through line 31, and having a bleed line 32.
  • the pressure impulse by the further cam follower is controlled and modified by the first cam follower to either increase the lift or vary the timing as desired.
  • lubrication line 41 connected to the through passage 42.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate a mechanism embodying the present invention.
  • the degree of lift of the opening of the valve can be varied, i.e. to give a greater opening of the valve, and the valve can be mechanically operated or have a hydraulic lift arrangement as in Fig. 1.
  • the lift is mechanical, by means of a through a cam follower 33 actuating a push rod 34.
  • This cam follower can be a mechanical follower or a hydraulic cam follower.
  • a rotatable sleeve 35 actuated by a control lever 36, the sleeve 35 having pivoted thereto a follower lever 37 by a pivot pin 38.
  • the cam follower 33 bears on a follower lever 37, the follower lever 37 having a contact abutment 39 which bears on the cam lever 7.
  • FIGs. 2 and 3 show the operation of the two levers in two positions of the cam shaft 1.
  • DE 2951361 also discloses a double lever arrangement for varying the degree of lift a valve wherein the effective lever arm of a primary cam lever is adjusted by means of a follower lever bearing thereagainst.
  • adjustment is effected by a translational movement of the follower lever rather than by a purely rotational movement as described above.
  • This prior arrangement is accordingly not so compact or so reliable in operation as the coaxial sleeve arrangement embodying the present invention.
  • the control for the timing of the opening of the valves by virtue of the end plates 5 can be any desired mechanism for turning the end plates.
  • a further gear on the interconnecting shaft can thus be actuated by any suitable control mechanism.
  • the control for varying the angular position of the sleeve can be as desired, preferably by a lever arrangement. All mechanisms return to preset positive location for idle either by using a spring tensioned mechanism or a powered source.
  • the two controls can be manual, or can be automatic (hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical) dependent upon the speed and load requirements on the engine, or can be part automatic and part manual so that the driver can select himself the control for either economy or performance.
  • control can be computerised so that this is fully automatic depending upon the speed, throttle opening, load and other operating parameters of the engine.
  • a further mechanism embodying the invention can be bolted to the head of the engine and there may be a direct mechanical action between the cam shaft and the valve stem, the follower lever bearing on an adjustable tappet which contacts the valve stem, and the valve stem having a spring retained by a collet.
  • the cam lobe may be of flattened form to have a flat extended contact area so as to provide a longer duration of the valve opening.
  • One such mechanism and the cam shaft can be utilised by the inlet valves, while a second such mechanism and cam shaft can operate the outlet valves, whereby in effect the invention can be applied to a twin overhead cam shaft engine.
  • either or both of the sets of valves can be individually controlled, and, by controlling the inlet valves, speed variation can be obtained without recourse to varying the flow of the fuel/air mixture by a carburettor.
  • a constant fuel mixture can be delivered to the inlet valves eliminating the high vacuum in the inlet manifold which would be created by a carburettor, the speed control being attained by adjustment of the duration and timing of opening only of the inlet valves.
  • inlet and exhaust valves of each of the cylinders it is within the concept of this invention to vary selected ones of the inlet valves so that a group of valves for a particular group of pistons and cylinders may be rendered ineffective while the engine continues to run on the remaining cylinders.
  • various cylinders such as two or three or four cylinders from six or eight cylinder engines so that the valves are then effectively held open all the time or closed all the time, as desired, so that the engine would then operate on a reduced number of cylinders at low loads.
  • each of the cam levers can be mounted on an independent spacer mounted in the housing, so that each cam lever can be moved independently of the others as desired, or alternatively a mechanism can be provided, externally of the housing, interconnecting each of the independent spacers controlling the cam levers.
  • one cam follower can be used to control or modify the action produced by another cam follower.
  • the latter cam follower operates as a conventional solid cam follower, with a heat expansion gap, and has a closed hydraulic cylinder connected hydraulically to a valve lifter connected also with the said one cam follower. If the said one cam follower fails, in certain circumstances the said valve lifter can continue to function under the control of the other cam follower, so that although there may be some loss of efficiency the engine will continue to operate without causing undue problems.
  • Embodiments of the invention can be applied to engines when the hydraulic cam followers are provided on the cylinder head, and is also applicable to engines operating by push rods.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

Le mécanisme décrit sert à faire varier la levée d'une soupape d'un moteur à combustion interne, ladite soupape (3) étant actionnée par un bossage de came (2) disposé sur un arbre à cames (1). Un levier (7) pivote sur un support (5) tournant autour de l'arbre à cames (1), le bossage de came (2) agissant sur une surface portante profilée (10) du levier, l'autre face (11) du levier se trouvant en contact avec le poussoir de came (8) de sorte que l'on peut faire varier par rotation du support la synchronisation de la levée de la soupape. Un dispositif est également prévu pour faire varier le degré de levée indépendamment de la synchronisation au moyen d'un autre levier pivotant sur un manchon tournant autour de l'arbre à cames, l'autre levier étant en contact avec le premier levier (7) sur l'une des faces et le poussoir de came (8) sur l'autre face. La rotation du manchon permet de faire varier le bras de levier utile du premier levier et par conséquent le degré de levée de la soupape.

Claims (7)

1. Un mécanisme pour modifier la levée d'une soupape, la soupape (3) étant commandée au moyen d'un bossage de came (2) sur un arbre à cames tournant (1), ledit mécanisme comprenant:
   un élément ou organe de support (6) monté à rotation autour de l'axe dudit arbre à cames (1), formant un axe de pivot espacé radialement par rapport audit arbre à cames; et
   un premier levier (7) monté sur ledit organe de support (6) pour effectuer un mouvement de rotation autour dudit axe de pivot, muni sur sa face d'une première surface ou portée d'actionnement (10) portant contre ledit bossage de soupape (2) lorsque le mécanisme est en service, et pourvu sur sa face opposée d'une seconde portée ou surface d'actionnement (11), ladite surface servant à commander le déplacement d'une contre-came (33, 8) du mécanisme utilisé pour actionner ladite soupape (3), de manière que cette rotation dudit organe de support (6) puisse permettre de modifier le synchronisme de la levée de la soupape par rapport à la rotation dudit arbre à cames (1);
   caractérisé en ce qu'un manchon (35) coaxial à l'arbre à cames (1) et pouvant tourner autour de celui-ci est muni d'un second levier (37) monté à rotation sur ledit manchon, dont un côté tourné vers l'arbre à cames est pourvu d'une butée de contact (39) qui porte contre ladite seconde surface d'actionnement (11) lorsque le mécanisme est en service, et qu'il s'étend entre ladite seconde surface d'actionnement (11) et ladite contre-came (33, 18), de manière que cette rotation dudit manchon (35) modifie le bras de levier effectif dudit premier levier (7) afin de modifier le degré de levée de ladite soupape (3).
2. Un mécanisme selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la soupape (3) est une soupape d'un moteur à combustion interne.
3. Un mécanisme selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ladite contre-came (33) actionne une tige de culbuteur (34) pour commander la soupape (3).
4. Un mécanisme selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ladite contre-came (33) est une contre-came hydraulique.
5. Un mécanisme selon la revendication 4, dans lequel ladite contre-came hydraulique comprend un piston (22) fonctionnant dans une première chambre (21), un deuxième piston (13) fonctionnant dans une deuxième chambre (19) étant relié à ladite première chambre (21) par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite hydraulique (20), ledit deuxième piston étant relié par une tringlerie (12) de manière à actionner ladite soupape (3).
6. Un mécanisme selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le fluide hydraulique est alimenté à partir d'une pompe (P), par l'intermédiaire d'une valve de surpression (PRV), vers un bloc de distribution (17), une valve de retenue (26) étant prévue pour empêcher le reflux du fluide vers la pompe, le fluide hydraulique étant alors alimenté à partir du bloc de distribution (17) par l'intermédiaire d'une deuxième conduite hydraulique (18) vers ladite deuxième chambre (19), une valve de décharge réglable (23) étant prévue pour régler le débit de purge venant de ladite contre-came hydraulique.
7. Un mécanisme selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le fluide hydraulique de ladite contre-came hydraulique pourvue de moyens de purge de fluide (23) est alimenté par une pompe (30) à travers une deuxième contre-came hydraulique (27), de manière que le réglage de la manoeuvre de la contre-came hydraulique de la revendication 3 modifie les effets de ladite deuxième contre-came hydraulique (27) sur le rythme d'actionnement et la levée de ladite soupape (3).
EP87906051A 1986-09-09 1987-09-09 Poussoir de came a levee variable Expired - Lifetime EP0345252B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87906051T ATE74183T1 (de) 1986-09-09 1987-09-09 Nockenfolger mit variablem hub.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPH790486 1986-09-09
AU7904/86 1986-09-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345252A1 EP0345252A1 (fr) 1989-12-13
EP0345252A4 EP0345252A4 (fr) 1989-12-19
EP0345252B1 true EP0345252B1 (fr) 1992-03-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87906051A Expired - Lifetime EP0345252B1 (fr) 1986-09-09 1987-09-09 Poussoir de came a levee variable

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EP (1) EP0345252B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1988002059A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9222376B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2015-12-29 General Electric Company Cam follower system for engine

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE304864C (fr) *

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2266077A (en) * 1938-10-03 1941-12-16 Henry A Roan Internal combustion engine
US2565022A (en) * 1943-06-01 1951-08-21 Wilhelmus A Hattink Adjusting means for cam operated engine valves
US2934052A (en) * 1958-11-17 1960-04-26 Irvin R Longenecker Valve operating mechanism
DE2840445C2 (de) * 1978-09-16 1984-10-04 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg Hydraulische Vorrichtung zum Betätigen eines Gaswechselventils für Brennkraftmaschinen
US4261307A (en) * 1979-09-06 1981-04-14 Sidney Oldberg Variable valve timing control for internal combustion engines
DE2951361A1 (de) * 1979-12-20 1981-07-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Ventiltrieb mit hubverstellung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE3041864A1 (de) * 1980-11-06 1982-05-13 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm Vorrichtung zum verschieben der steuerzeit eines gaswechselventils einer brennkraftmaschine
AU559210B2 (en) * 1981-01-20 1987-02-26 Wride, Marlene Alfreda Variable lift cam follower
DE3115422A1 (de) * 1981-04-16 1982-11-11 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg Hydraulische einrichtung zum betaetigen von gaswechselventilen
US4382428A (en) * 1981-06-08 1983-05-10 Tourtelot Jr Edward M Contoured finger follower variable valve timing mechanism
US4502426A (en) * 1982-05-17 1985-03-05 Skelley James H Variable valve lift and timing mechanism
US4469056A (en) * 1983-02-22 1984-09-04 Tourtelot Jr Edward M Dual follower variable valve timing mechanism

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE304864C (fr) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1988002059A1 (fr) 1988-03-24
EP0345252A4 (fr) 1989-12-19
EP0345252A1 (fr) 1989-12-13

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