EP0347607A2 - Method and device for leading a product to be sprayed to a plurality of spraying stations - Google Patents

Method and device for leading a product to be sprayed to a plurality of spraying stations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0347607A2
EP0347607A2 EP89109443A EP89109443A EP0347607A2 EP 0347607 A2 EP0347607 A2 EP 0347607A2 EP 89109443 A EP89109443 A EP 89109443A EP 89109443 A EP89109443 A EP 89109443A EP 0347607 A2 EP0347607 A2 EP 0347607A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spray
ring line
line
ring
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89109443A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0347607B1 (en
EP0347607A3 (en
Inventor
Miroslav Luckarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr Industry GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr Industrieanlagen GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0347607A2 publication Critical patent/EP0347607A2/en
Publication of EP0347607A3 publication Critical patent/EP0347607A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/02—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
    • B05B12/04—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery for sequential operation or multiple outlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/085—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to flow or pressure of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/14—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/58—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage by recirculating the fluid to be sprayed from upstream of the discharge opening back to the supplying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B9/0406—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material with several pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B9/0423—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material for supplying liquid or other fluent material to several spraying apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for supplying spray material, namely paints and varnishes, to a plurality of spray booths by means of a common spray material ring line.
  • This object is achieved in terms of method from the characterizing features of patent claim 1, and in terms of furnishings, from the characterizing features of patent claim 4.
  • continuous monitoring is carried out and measuring the pressure, speed, volume flow and / or mass flow of the spray material flowing in the ring line, these variables being subjected to continuous adaptation to an optimal low value, on the basis of the properties of the respective spray material, the spray material temperature and the respective one Operating status of the facility.
  • the device has a paint reservoir 8 and a feed pump 9, in practice the reservoir 8 and pump 9 are located in a separate room, which is usually called a paint mixing room.
  • a ring line designated as a whole 10 leads off and leads back to the storage tank 8.
  • the ring line 10 consists of a flow line 10a and a return line 10b, the flow line 10a opening into a pressure reducer 11, from which the return line 10b then branches off.
  • sensors 16 are inserted into the line system, only the sensors 16 being shown in the area of the spray station A in the drawing for the sake of clarity; further sensors 16 are located at comparable points in the area of the spraying stations B, C and D.
  • the sensors 16 record values of the paint flowing in the lines to be explained later and pass these values on to a computer 17. Also for reasons of clarity, only the connecting line of a sensor 16 to the input of the computer 17 is shown in the drawing.
  • the output of a conventional input device is located at the input of the computer 17.
  • the output of the computer 17 leads via a control line to the feed pump 9.
  • further components of the device or all components can be controlled by the computer 17, the computer 17 then controlling on the basis of the measured values of the sensors 16, an input program and / or the input device 18.
  • the known values of the respective lacquer for example its viscosity at a certain temperature, its shear resistance and the like, are first entered into the computer 17 by means of the input device 18. entered.
  • the computer 17 controls the feed pump 9 in such a way that the variables mentioned , ie pressure, speed, volume flow and / or mass flow, are at an optimum value, regardless of whether the spray booths are switched off or whether all or part of the spray booths is switched on or in operation.
  • the optimal value is to be understood as follows.
  • the impairment of the lacquer depends on the type and properties of the respective lacquer, also on its respective viscosity, whereby the viscosity changes with the temperature, and in some lacquers even non-linear (rheological lacquer structure).
  • FIG. 2 shows a measurement protocol of the practice for a device according to FIG. 1, the numerical values given serving only for a better understanding of the invention.
  • the spraying stands A and B of FIG. 1 are out of operation, ie the nozzle valves 12 A and 12 B are closed.
  • the nozzle valves 12 C and 12 D are open so that a paint flow takes place, but the spraying devices 14C and 14D are not in operation.
  • the individual numerical values on the various the places in the facility are understandable and do not require any special explanation.
  • the pressure on the outlet side of the pressure reducers 15C and 15d essentially corresponds to the pressure on the outlet side of the pressure reducer 11, which means that the pressure of the paint return of the spray booths C and D is adjusted in such a way that the inlet into the return line is as calm as possible 10b is guaranteed.
  • ring line 10 In the exemplary embodiment explained with reference to the figures, only one ring line 10 is shown for the sake of simplicity. In practice, however, several parallel ring lines will generally be provided, for example five ring lines for varnishes of different colors and one ring line for rinsing liquid.
  • the dispensing valves on the individual spray stands are then integrated into a so-called color change unit, which can be controlled in such a way that the - common - metering unit 13 and thus the spray device 14 are supplied with the paint of the desired color or the rinsing liquid.
  • the pressure reducers 15 at the outlet of the spraying devices are controlled in accordance with the color change units, so that the outflowing paint reaches the "correct" return line 10b again.
  • the monitoring and adjustment of the various ring lines must be carried out separately, because, as mentioned, the properties of the coatings are different, even if they are of the same basic type.
  • the dimensions of the device depend on the respective circumstances, but care should be taken to ensure that the ring lines, both the flow and the return, pass as close as possible to the spray booths, so that the lines between the tap flow line and the junction in to keep the return as short as possible.
  • the illustrated embodiment can be numerous experience lungs without leaving the scope of the invention. This applies in particular to the components of the facility. For example, if the accuracy of the spray pressure is not important, the metering units 13 can be omitted. It is also possible to provide only stub lines from the flow of the ring line to the spraying devices, that is to say not to connect the spraying devices to the return of the ring line, in particular if the paints to be used do not tend to settle. Such a device is shown in FIG. 3, in which the same components with the components of FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. 3, only stub lines lead from the ring line 10 to the spraying devices 14, it also being possible to dispense with the subdivision of the ring line 10 by means of a pressure reducer 11 (FIG. 1) in the forward and return flow.
  • a pressure reducer 11 FIG. 1
  • the computer can be connected to a higher-level data processing system, with the result of further automation of the switching and adaptation processes mentioned.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Es werden ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zum Zuführen von Spritzgut, nämlich Farben und Lacken, zu einer Mehrzahl von Spritzständen (14) mittels einer gemeinsamen Spritzgut-Ringleitung (10) geschaffen, wobei Druck, Geschwindigkeit, Volumenstrom und/oder Massenstrom des in der Ringleitung (10) strömenden Spritzguts fortlaufend überwacht und den jeweiligen Erfordernissen so angepasst wird, daß das in der Ringleitung (10) strömende Spritzgut möglichst geschont wird und somit auch bei langen Spritzgut-Umlaufzeiten Beeinträchtigungen der Spritzgutqualität vermieden werden.A method and a device for supplying spray material, namely paints and varnishes, to a plurality of spray stands (14) by means of a common spray material ring line (10) are created, pressure, speed, volume flow and / or mass flow of the in the ring line (10) flowing spray material is continuously monitored and adapted to the respective requirements so that the spray material flowing in the ring line (10) is protected as much as possible and thus impairments of the spray material quality are avoided even with long spray material circulation times.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Zufuhren von Spritz­gut, nämlich Farben und Lacken, zu einer Mehrzahl von Spritz­ständen mittels einer gemeinsamen Spritzgut-Ringleitung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Er­findung eine Einrichtung zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for supplying spray material, namely paints and varnishes, to a plurality of spray booths by means of a common spray material ring line.

Bei Spritzeinrichtungen mit mehreren Spritzständen, sogenann­ten Lackierstrassen, ist es bekannt, das Spritzgut mittels ei­ner Ringleitung den einzelnen Spritzständen zuzuführen, wobei die Ringleitung von einem Vorratsbehälter mit Förderpumpe ab­geht, an den Spritzständen vorbeiführt und zum Vorratsbehälter zurückkehrt. Im Bereich der Spritzstände befindet sich dann an der Ringleitung jeweils eine Zapfstelle, die aus einem an­steuerbaren Zapfventil und einer Spritzgut-Anschlußleitung zum Spritzgerät des Spritzstandes besteht. Die Förderpumpen werden dabei so betrieben, daß auf jeden Fall sichergestellt ist, daß für den Spritzbetrieb an jedem Spritzstand der erfor­derlich Spritzdruck und die erforderliche Spritzgutmenge vor­handen ist. Mit anderen Worten, es wird durchgehend mit einem vergleichsweise hohen Druck und einer großen Geschwindigkeit des in der Ringleitung strömenden Spritzguts gefahren.In the case of spraying devices with a plurality of spray stands, so-called painting lines, it is known to supply the spray material to the individual spray stands by means of a ring line, the ring line starting from a reservoir with a feed pump, passing the spray stands and returning to the reservoir. In the area of the spray booths, there is then a tap on the ring line, which consists of a controllable tap valve and a spray material connection line to the spraying device of the spray booth. The feed pumps are operated in such a way that it is ensured in any case that the required spray pressure and the required amount of material to be sprayed is available for the spraying operation at each spraying station. In other words, the spraying material flowing in the ring line is operated continuously with a comparatively high pressure and a high speed.

Eingehende Untersuchungen haben nun ergeben, daß viele Lacke, insbesondere die modernen Metallic-Lacke und Wasser-Lacke, sehr empfindlich auf die Belastungen, insbesondere Scherbe­lastungen, reagieren, denen sie beim Durchströmen von Rohren unterworfen sind. Dabei hängen die nachteiligen Einwirkungen insbesondere vom Förderdruck und von der Strömungsgeschwindig­keit und vor allem von der Zeitdauer der Belastungseinwirkung ab und sind darüber hinaus für jedes Spritzgut unterschiedlich. Statistische Auswertungen haben nun ergeben, daß über einen langen Zeitraum betrachtet, bei derartigen Lackierstrassen der eigentliche Spritzbetrieb nur einen vergleichsweise geringen Prozentsatz der Gesamtzeit beansprucht, das Spritzgut also be­sonderen Belastungen dadurch unterworfen wird, daß es auch während der - langen - Spritzpausen die Ringleitung mit hohem Druck und hoher Geschwindigkeit durchströmt. Dieses Problem kann nun aber nicht einfach dadurch gelöst werden, daß man wäh­rend der Spritzpausen Strömungsdruck und -geschwindigkeit des Spritzguts in der Ringleitung auf einen vorgegebenen Wert herab­setzt, beispielsweise auf die Hälfte. Auf der einen Seite muß ja sichergestellt sein, daß beim Beginn des Spritzvorgangs so­fort der erforderliche Spritzdruck und die gewünschte Spritz­gutmenge zur Verfügung stehen, und zum anderen wird der Vorgang und die Belastung durch eine Vielzahl von Faktoren beeinflusst, wie etwa der Temperatur des Spritzguts und den Eigenschaften des jeweiligen Spritzguts; so neigen beispielsweise manche Lacke bei zu geringer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zu einer Entmi­schung bzw. zu einer Ausfällung von Feststoffteilchen.In-depth investigations have now shown that many paints, especially modern metallic paints and water-based paints, are very sensitive to the loads, in particular shear loads, to which they are subjected when pipes flow through them. The adverse effects depend in particular on the delivery pressure and on the flow speed and above all on the duration of the load and are moreover different for each spray material. Statistical evaluations have now shown that, over a long period of time, the actual spraying operation takes up only a comparatively small percentage of the total time in such painting lines, so that the sprayed material is subjected to special stresses in that the ring line with a high level is also used during the - long - pauses in spraying Flows through pressure and high speed. However, this problem cannot now be solved simply by reducing the flow pressure and velocity of the sprayed material in the ring line to a predetermined value, for example to half, during the pauses in spraying. On the one hand, it must be ensured that the required spray pressure and the desired amount of material to be sprayed are immediately available at the start of the spraying process, and on the other hand the process and the load are influenced by a large number of factors, such as the temperature of the material to be sprayed and the Properties of the respective spray material; for example, some coatings tend to segregate or precipitate solid particles if the flow velocity is too low.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein Verfah­ren und eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, mit deren Hilfe es ermög­licht wird, einerseits den Anforderungen des Spritzbetriebs ge­recht zu werden, andererseits jedoch das in der Ringleitung strömende Spritzgut möglichst zu schonen, also Langzeitbela­stungen so weitgehend wie möglich zu vermeiden. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich verfahrensmäßig aus den kennzeich­nenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1, einrichtungsmäßig aus den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 4.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and a device which make it possible on the one hand to meet the requirements of the spraying operation, on the other hand to protect the spray material flowing in the ring line as much as possible, that is to say long-term loads as much as possible to avoid. This object is achieved in terms of method from the characterizing features of patent claim 1, and in terms of furnishings, from the characterizing features of patent claim 4.

Gemäß der Erfindung erfolgt also eine fortlaufende Überwachung und Messung von Druck, Geschwindigkeit, Volumenstrom und/oder Massenstrom des in der Ringleitung strömenden Spritzguts, wo­bei diese Größen einer fortlaufenden Anpassung an einen opti­malen Niedrigwert unterworfen werden, und zwar auf der Grund­lage der Eigenschaften des jeweiligen Spritzguts, der Spritz­gut-Temperatur und dem jeweiligen Betriebszustand der Einrich­tung.According to the invention, continuous monitoring is carried out and measuring the pressure, speed, volume flow and / or mass flow of the spray material flowing in the ring line, these variables being subjected to continuous adaptation to an optimal low value, on the basis of the properties of the respective spray material, the spray material temperature and the respective one Operating status of the facility.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher er­läutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein schematisches Blockbild der Einrich­tung,
  • Fig. 2 ein Meßprotokoll zur Einrichtung von Fig. 1 als Zahlenbeispiel, und
  • Fig. 3 ein schematisches Blockbild einer Abwandlungs­form der Einrichtung von Fig. 1.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a schematic block diagram of the device,
  • Fig. 2 shows a measurement protocol for setting up Fig. 1 as a numerical example, and
  • 3 is a schematic block diagram of a modification of the device of FIG. 1.

Gemäß Fig. 1 weist die Einrichtung einen Lack-Vorratsbehälter 8 und eine Förderpumpe 9 auf, wobei sich in der Praxis Vorrats­behälter 8 und Pumpe 9 in einem gesonderten Raum befinden, der meist Farbmischraum genannt wird. Vom Vorratsbehälter 8 bzw. der Pumpe 9 geht eine im Ganzen mit 10 bezeichnete Ringleitung ab und führt zum Vorratsbehälter 8 zurück. Dabei besteht die Ringleitung 10 aus einer Vorlaufleitung 10a und einer Rücklauf­leitung 10b, wobei die Vorlaufleitung 10a in einen Druckminde­rer 11 mündet, von dem dann die Rücklaufleitung 10b abgeht. Zwischen Vorlauf 10a und Rücklauf 10b sind vier Spritzstände A, B, C und D geschaltet, die jeweils aus einem Zapfventil 12, einer Dosierpumpe 13, einem Spritzgerät 14 und einem diesem nachgeschalteten Druckminderer 15 bestehen; in der Zeichnung sind diese identischen Bauelemente der vier Stationen jeweils mit 13A, 13B usw. bezeichnet. Weiterhin sind in das Leitungs­system Fühler 16 eingesetzt, wobei auf der Zeichnung der Über­sichtlichkeit halber nur die Fühler 16 im Bereich der Spritz­station A eingezeichnet sind; weitere Fühler 16 befinden sich an vergleichbaren Stellen im Bereich der Spritzstationen B, C und D. Die Fühler 16 nehmen später noch zu erläuternde Wer­te des in den Leitungen strömenden Lacks auf und geben diese Werte an einen Rechner 17 weiter. Ebenfalls aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit ist auf der Zeichnung nur die Verbindungs­leitung eines Fühlers 16 mit dem Eingang des Rechners 17 dar­gestellt. Außerdem liegt am Eingang des Rechners 17 der Aus­gang einer üblichen Eingabevorrichtung, beispielsweise eines Tastenwerks. Der Ausgang des Rechners 17 führt über eine Steuer­leitung zur Förderpumpe 9. Darüber hinaus können weitere Bau­elemente der Einrichtung oder auch alle Bauelemente vom Compu­ter 17 ansteuerbar sein, wobei dann der Rechner 17 die Steue­rung auf der Grundlage der Meßwerte der Fühler 16, eines ein­gegebenen Programms und/oder der Eingabevorrichtung 18 vor­nimmt.1, the device has a paint reservoir 8 and a feed pump 9, in practice the reservoir 8 and pump 9 are located in a separate room, which is usually called a paint mixing room. From the storage tank 8 or the pump 9, a ring line, designated as a whole 10, leads off and leads back to the storage tank 8. The ring line 10 consists of a flow line 10a and a return line 10b, the flow line 10a opening into a pressure reducer 11, from which the return line 10b then branches off. Four spray stands A, B, C and D are connected between feed 10a and return 10b, each consisting of a nozzle 12, a metering pump 13, a spraying device 14 and a pressure reducer 15 connected downstream thereof; in the drawing, these identical components of the four stations are each designated 13A, 13B, etc. Furthermore, sensors 16 are inserted into the line system, only the sensors 16 being shown in the area of the spray station A in the drawing for the sake of clarity; further sensors 16 are located at comparable points in the area of the spraying stations B, C and D. The sensors 16 record values of the paint flowing in the lines to be explained later and pass these values on to a computer 17. Also for reasons of clarity, only the connecting line of a sensor 16 to the input of the computer 17 is shown in the drawing. In addition, the output of a conventional input device, for example a keyboard, is located at the input of the computer 17. The output of the computer 17 leads via a control line to the feed pump 9. In addition, further components of the device or all components can be controlled by the computer 17, the computer 17 then controlling on the basis of the measured values of the sensors 16, an input program and / or the input device 18.

Für den Betrieb der Vorrichtung werden in den Rechner 17 mit­tels der Eingabevorrichtung 18 zunächst die bekannten Werte des jeweiligen Lacks, etwa seine Viskosität bei einer bestimm­ten Temperatur, seine Scherbelastbarkeit u.dgl. eingegeben. In Abhängigkeit von den dem Rechner von den Fühlern 16 über­mittelten Signalen, welche den Druck, die Geschwindigkeit, den Volumenstrom und/oder den Massestrom des an der jeweili­gen Stelle strömenden Lacks repräsentieren, steuert dann der Rechner 17 die Förderpumpe 9 derart, daß die erwähnten Grös­sen, also Druck, Geschwindigkeit, Volumenstrom und/oder Masse­strom, auf einem Optimalwert liegen, unabhängig davon, ob die Spritzstände abgeschaltet oder ob alle oder ein Teil der Spritzstände eingeschaltet bzw. in Betrieb ist. Unter Optimal­wert ist dabei folgendes zu verstehen. Je höher die genannten Größen sind, umso mehr wird der in der Ringleitung 10 strömen­de Lack Belastungen ausgesetzt, die zu einer Minderung der Qualität führen. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn die Zeitspannen dieser Belastungen lang sind, was vor allem während der Still­standsphasen der Spritzstände der Fall ist; über Tage oder Wo­ chen betrachtet, sind ja die Stillstandsphasen wesentlich länger als die Betriebsphasen (Sprühphasen). Dabei hängen die Lackbeeinträchtigungen von der Art und den Eigenschaf­ten des jeweiligen Lacks ab, auch von seiner jeweiligen Viskosität, wobei sich die Viskosität mit der Temperatur ändert, und zwar bei manchen Lacken sogar nicht-linear (rheologische Lackstruktur). Andererseits aber kann man ver­ständlicherweise die erwähnten Größen nicht beliebig herab­setzen; während der Spritzvorgänge sind bestimmte Drücke, Geschwindigkeiten und/oder Mengen an Lack erforderlich und während der Ruhezustände der Spritzstände muß sichergestellt sein, daß es bei einsetzendem Spritzbetrieb (Öffnen der Zapf­ventile und/oder Beginn des Spritzvorgangs) nicht zu einem plötzlichen Einbruch im Leitungssystem kommt, der erforder­liche Spritzdruck und die erforderliche Spritzmenge also so­fort zur Verfügung stehen. Hinzu kommt, daß bei zu geringen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten die Gefahr von Ablagerungen an den Rohrinnenwänden besteht, insbesondere bei Lacken, die Feststoffteilchen in Suspension enthalten, beispielsweise Me­tall-Lacke. Mit der Erfindung wird nun über den Rechner die Förderpumpe 9 so gesteuert, daß der Lack bei allen Betriebs­zuständen so schonend behandelt wird, wie dies aufgrund sei­ner speziellen Eigenschaften und den Erfordernissen einer einwandfreien Funktion der Einrichtung möglich ist.For the operation of the device, the known values of the respective lacquer, for example its viscosity at a certain temperature, its shear resistance and the like, are first entered into the computer 17 by means of the input device 18. entered. Depending on the signals transmitted to the computer by the sensors 16, which represent the pressure, the speed, the volume flow and / or the mass flow of the paint flowing at the respective point, the computer 17 then controls the feed pump 9 in such a way that the variables mentioned , ie pressure, speed, volume flow and / or mass flow, are at an optimum value, regardless of whether the spray booths are switched off or whether all or part of the spray booths is switched on or in operation. The optimal value is to be understood as follows. The higher the sizes mentioned, the more the paint flowing in the ring line 10 is exposed to loads which lead to a reduction in quality. This applies in particular if the time spans of these loads are long, which is particularly the case during the standstill phases of the spray booths; over days or where Chen considered, the standstill phases are much longer than the operating phases (spray phases). The impairment of the lacquer depends on the type and properties of the respective lacquer, also on its respective viscosity, whereby the viscosity changes with the temperature, and in some lacquers even non-linear (rheological lacquer structure). On the other hand, you can understandably not reduce the sizes mentioned arbitrarily; During the spraying processes, certain pressures, speeds and / or quantities of paint are required and during the idle states of the spraying booths it must be ensured that there is no sudden drop in the piping system when the spraying operation starts (opening the nozzle valves and / or starting the spraying process), the required spray pressure and the required spray quantity are therefore immediately available. In addition, if the flow velocities are too low, there is a risk of deposits on the inner tube walls, in particular in the case of paints which contain solid particles in suspension, for example metal paints. With the invention, the feed pump 9 is now controlled via the computer in such a way that the paint is treated as gently in all operating conditions as is possible due to its special properties and the requirements for the proper functioning of the device.

In Fig. 2 ist ein Meßprotokoll der Praxis für eine Einrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 dargestellt, wobei die angegebenen Zahlenwerte lediglich zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung dienen. Bei diesem Meßprotokoll sind die Spritzstände A und B von Fig. 1 außer Betrieb, d.h., die Zapfventile 12 A und 12 B sind ge­schlossen. Bei den Spritzständen C und D dagegen sind die Zapfventile 12 C und 12 D geöffnet, so daß ein Lackdurchfluß stattfindet, wobei jedoch die Spritzgeräte 14C und 14D nicht in Betrieb sind. Die einzelnen Zahlenwerte an den verschie­ denen Stellen der Einrichtung sind aus sich heraus verständ­lich und bedürfen keiner besonderen Erläuterung. Es sei le­diglich darauf hingewiesen, daß der ausgangsseitige Druck der Druckminderer 15C und 15d im wesentlichen dem ausgangs­seitigen Druck des Druckminderers 11 entspricht, was bedeu­tet, daß der Druck des Lackrücklaufs der Spritzstände C und D so eingestellt wird, daß ein möglichst beruhigter Einlauf in die Rücklaufleitung 10b gewährleistet ist.FIG. 2 shows a measurement protocol of the practice for a device according to FIG. 1, the numerical values given serving only for a better understanding of the invention. In this measurement protocol, the spraying stands A and B of FIG. 1 are out of operation, ie the nozzle valves 12 A and 12 B are closed. In the spray booths C and D, however, the nozzle valves 12 C and 12 D are open so that a paint flow takes place, but the spraying devices 14C and 14D are not in operation. The individual numerical values on the various the places in the facility are understandable and do not require any special explanation. It should only be pointed out that the pressure on the outlet side of the pressure reducers 15C and 15d essentially corresponds to the pressure on the outlet side of the pressure reducer 11, which means that the pressure of the paint return of the spray booths C and D is adjusted in such a way that the inlet into the return line is as calm as possible 10b is guaranteed.

Bei dem anhand der Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Einfachheit halber nur eine Ringleitung 10 darge­stellt. In der Praxis wird man jedoch im allgemeinen mehrere parallele Ringleitungen vorsehen, beispielsweise fünf Ringlei­tungen für Lacke unterschiedlicher Farbe und eine Ringleitung für Spülflüssigkeit. Die Zapfventile an den einzelnen Spritz­ständen sind dann jeweils zu einer sogenannten Farbwechselein­heit integriert, die derart ansteuerbar ist, daß der - gemein­samen - Dosiereinheit 13 und damit dem Spritzgerät 14 der Lack gewünschter Farbe bzw. die Spülflüssigkeit zugeführt werden. Die Druckminderer 15 am Ausgang der Spritzgeräte werden ent­sprechend den Farbwechseleinheiten gesteuert, so daß der ab­strömende Lack wieder in die "richtige" Rücklaufleitung 10b gelangt. Selbstverständlich müssen Überwachung und Anpassung der verschiedenen Ringleitungen gesondert vorgenommen werden, weil, wie erwähnt, die Eigenschaften der Lacke unterschiedlich sind, selbst wenn es sich um denselben Grundtyp handelt. Die Dimensionierung der Einrichtung hängt von den jeweiligen Gege­benheiten ab, doch sollte darauf geachtet werden, daß die Ringleitungen, und zwar sowohl der Vorlauf als auch der Rück­lauf möglichst nahe an den Spritzständen vorbeiführen, um so die Leitungsstrecken zwischen der Anzapf-Vorlaufleitung und der Einmündung in den Rücklauf möglichst kurz halten zu können.In the exemplary embodiment explained with reference to the figures, only one ring line 10 is shown for the sake of simplicity. In practice, however, several parallel ring lines will generally be provided, for example five ring lines for varnishes of different colors and one ring line for rinsing liquid. The dispensing valves on the individual spray stands are then integrated into a so-called color change unit, which can be controlled in such a way that the - common - metering unit 13 and thus the spray device 14 are supplied with the paint of the desired color or the rinsing liquid. The pressure reducers 15 at the outlet of the spraying devices are controlled in accordance with the color change units, so that the outflowing paint reaches the "correct" return line 10b again. Of course, the monitoring and adjustment of the various ring lines must be carried out separately, because, as mentioned, the properties of the coatings are different, even if they are of the same basic type. The dimensions of the device depend on the respective circumstances, but care should be taken to ensure that the ring lines, both the flow and the return, pass as close as possible to the spray booths, so that the lines between the tap flow line and the junction in to keep the return as short as possible.

Das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel kann zahlreiche Abwand­ lungen erfahren, ohne den Bereich der Erfindung zu verlassen. Dies gilt insbesondere für die Bauelemente der Einrichtung. So können beispielsweise, wenn es auf die Exaktheit des Spritz­drucks nicht ankommt, die Dosiereinheiten 13 weggelassen wer­den. Auch ist es möglich, vom Vorlauf der Ringleitung nur Stichleitungen zu den Spritzgeräten vorzusehen, die Spritzge­räte also nicht an den Rücklauf der Ringleitung anzuschließen, insbesondere dann, wenn die zu verwendenden Lacke nicht zum Ab­setzen neigen. Eine solche Einrichtung zeigt Fig. 3, in welcher mit den Bauelementen von Fig. 1 gleiche Bauelemente mit densel­ben Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Bei der Einrichtung von Fig. 3 führen also lediglich Stichleitungen von der Ringleitung 10 zu den Spritzgeräten 14, wobei dann auch auf die Unterteilung der Ringleitung 10 mittels eines Druckminderers 11 (Fig. 1) im Vor­und Rücklauf verzichtet werden kann.The illustrated embodiment can be numerous experience lungs without leaving the scope of the invention. This applies in particular to the components of the facility. For example, if the accuracy of the spray pressure is not important, the metering units 13 can be omitted. It is also possible to provide only stub lines from the flow of the ring line to the spraying devices, that is to say not to connect the spraying devices to the return of the ring line, in particular if the paints to be used do not tend to settle. Such a device is shown in FIG. 3, in which the same components with the components of FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals. 3, only stub lines lead from the ring line 10 to the spraying devices 14, it also being possible to dispense with the subdivision of the ring line 10 by means of a pressure reducer 11 (FIG. 1) in the forward and return flow.

Schließlich ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß der Rechner an eine übergeordnete Datenverarbeitungsanlage angeschlossen werden kann, mit der Folge einer weiteren Automatisierung der angesprochenen Schalt- und Anpassungsvorgänge.Finally, it should be pointed out that the computer can be connected to a higher-level data processing system, with the result of further automation of the switching and adaptation processes mentioned.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zum Zuführen von Spritzgut, nämlich Farben und Lacken, zu einer Mehrzahl von Spritz­ständen mittels einer gemeinsamen Spritzgut-Ringleitung, die von einem Vorratsbehälter mit Förderpumpe abgeht, an den Spritzständen vorbeiführt und zum Vorratsbehälter zu­rückkehrt, wobei sich im Bereich der Spritzstände an der Ringleitung jeweils eine Zapfstelle befindet, die aus ei­nem ansteuerbaren Zapfventil und einer Spritzgut-Anschluß­leitung für das Spritzgerät des Spritzstandes besteht, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß Druck, Geschwindigkeit, Volumen­strom und/oder Massenstrom des in der Ringleitung strömen­den Spritzguts fortlaufend überwacht und mittels der För­derpumpe den jeweiligen Erfordernissen angepasst wird, der­art, daß auf der Grundlage der Eigenschaften des Spritzgutes, einschließlich der rheologischen Spritzgutstruktur, der Spritzgut-Temperatur, dem Öffnungs- bzw. Schließzustand der Zapfventile und der Spritzgeräte und dem Spritzgut-Mengenbe­darf der Spritzgeräte der Druck, die Geschwindigkeit, der Volumenstrom und/oder der Massenstrom des Spritzguts auf ei­nem optimalen Niedrigwert gehalten werden.1.Procedure for supplying spray material, namely paints and varnishes, to a plurality of spray stands by means of a common spray material ring line, which leads from a storage container with a feed pump, bypasses the spray stands and returns to the storage container, with the area around the spray stands at Ring line each has a tap, which consists of a controllable nozzle and a spray connecting line for the sprayer of the spray booth, characterized in that the pressure, speed, volume flow and / or mass flow of the spray material flowing in the ring line continuously monitors and by means of the feed pump the respective Requirements are adjusted such that, based on the properties of the material to be sprayed, including the rheological structure of the material to be sprayed, the temperature of the material to be sprayed, the opening and closing state of the nozzle valves and the spraying devices and the amount of spraying material to be sprayed, the pressure, the speed, the volume flow and / or the mass flow of the sprayed material are kept at an optimal low value. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 für Ringleitungen, deren Zapfstellen eine dem Zapfventil nachgeschaltete Do­sierpumpe aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Geschwin­digkeit, der Volumenstrom und/oder der Massenstrom des in der Ringleitung strömenden Spritzguts überwacht und angepasst wird.2. The method according to claim 1 for ring lines, the tapping points of which have a metering pump connected downstream of the nozzle, characterized in that the speed, the volume flow and / or the mass flow of the spray material flowing in the ring line is monitored and adjusted. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch die Anwendung auf Einrichtungen mit einer Mehrzahl zu­einander paralleler, für unterschiedliche Farben bestimmter Ringleitungen, wobei die Überwachung und Anpassung für jede Ringleitung gesondert erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by application to devices with a plurality of ring lines which are parallel to one another and are intended for different colors, the monitoring and adaptation being carried out separately for each ring line. 4. Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach An­spruch 3, mit mehreren Ringleitungen zum Zuführen un­terschiedlicher Farben und Spülflüssigkeit zu den Spritzstän­den, mit jedem Spritzstand zugeordneter, aus mehreren Zapf­ventilen bestehender Farbwechseleinheit und mit jeder Ringlei­tung zugeordneter Förderpumpe, gekennzeichnet durch in die Ringleitung (10) an vorgegebenen Stellen eingesetzte Druck-, Geschwindigkeits und/oder Mengenfühler (16) zur Erzeugung elektrischer Ausgangssignale und mit einem Rechner (17) an des­sen Eingang die Ausgänge der Fühler (16) sowie eine Eingabevor­richtung (18) liegen und von dessen Ausgang Steuerleitungen zu den Förderpumpen (9) sowie Schaltleitungen zu den Farbwechsel­einheiten (12) sowie gegebenenfalls Dosierpumpen (13) führen.4. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, with a plurality of ring lines for supplying different colors and rinsing liquid to the spray booths, with each spray booth assigned, consisting of several nozzle valves color change unit and with each ring line associated feed pump, characterized by in the ring line (10) Predetermined places used pressure, speed and / or quantity sensors (16) for generating electrical output signals and with a computer (17) at the input of which the outputs of the sensors (16) and an input device (18) are located and from whose output control lines to the feed pumps (9) as well as switching lines to the color changing units (12) and dosing pumps (13) if necessary. 5. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringleitung (10) durch einen Druckminderer (11) in eine Vorlaufleitung (10a) und eine Rücklaufleitung (10b) un­terteilt ist, daß die Farbwechseleinheiten (12) die Vorlauflei­tung (10a) anzapfen und daß von den Spritzgeräten (14) der Spritzstände Ableitungen zur Rücklaufleitung (10b) der Ringlei­tung (10) führen.5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the ring line (10) by a pressure reducer (11) is divided into a flow line (10a) and a return line (10b) that the color changing units (12) tap the flow line (10a) and that leads from the sprayers (14) of the spray stands to the return line (10b) of the ring line (10). 6. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in jede der Spritzgeräteableitungen ein Druckmin­derer (15) eingesetzt ist, wobei diese Druckminderer (15) und der Druckminderer (11) der Ringleitung (10) vom Rechner (17) ansteuerbar sind.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that a pressure reducer (15) is used in each of the sprayer derivatives, these pressure reducers (15) and the pressure reducer (11) of the ring line (10) from the computer (17) can be controlled. 7. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringleitung (10) durchgehend gleichen Querschnitt aufweist und modulartig aufgebaut ist.7. Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized characterized in that the ring line (10) has the same cross-section throughout and is constructed in a modular manner.
EP89109443A 1988-06-24 1989-05-24 Method and device for leading a product to be sprayed to a plurality of spraying stations Expired - Lifetime EP0347607B1 (en)

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DE3821440 1988-06-24
DE3821440A DE3821440A1 (en) 1988-06-24 1988-06-24 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FEEDING SPRAY MATERIALS TO A MULTIPLE NUMBER OF SPRAYING DEVICES

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EP0347607A2 true EP0347607A2 (en) 1989-12-27
EP0347607A3 EP0347607A3 (en) 1990-09-26
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WO2019201823A1 (en) * 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 Dürr Systems Ag Supply system for supplying multiple consumers with an application substance
DE102018109344A1 (en) * 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 Dürr Systems Ag Supply system for supplying several customers with an application agent
CN111989166A (en) * 2018-04-19 2020-11-24 杜尔系统股份公司 Supply system for supplying a plurality of consumers with a substance to be applied
US11413639B2 (en) 2018-04-19 2022-08-16 Dürr Systems Ag Supply system for supplying multiple consumers with an application substance
CN111989166B (en) * 2018-04-19 2023-02-03 杜尔系统股份公司 Supply system for supplying a plurality of consumers with a substance to be applied
US11911781B2 (en) 2018-04-19 2024-02-27 Dürr Systems Ag Supply system for supplying multiple consumers with an application substance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0347607B1 (en) 1994-10-26
DE3821440A1 (en) 1989-12-28
EP0347607A3 (en) 1990-09-26
ES2061788T3 (en) 1994-12-16
US5096120A (en) 1992-03-17
DE58908554D1 (en) 1994-12-01

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