EP0350125B1 - Fluides lubrifiants de traction - Google Patents

Fluides lubrifiants de traction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0350125B1
EP0350125B1 EP89201763A EP89201763A EP0350125B1 EP 0350125 B1 EP0350125 B1 EP 0350125B1 EP 89201763 A EP89201763 A EP 89201763A EP 89201763 A EP89201763 A EP 89201763A EP 0350125 B1 EP0350125 B1 EP 0350125B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
organo
traction
compounds
silicon compound
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89201763A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0350125A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Philip Dare-Edwards
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/002—Traction fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/76—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/02—Esters of silicic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives

Definitions

  • the present process relates to the use of certain organo-silicon compounds as lubricants, in particular their use in traction drives.
  • Traction is broadly defined as the adhesive friction of a body on a surface on which it moves.
  • a traction drive is a device in which torque is transmitted from an input element to an output element through nominal point or line contact typically with a rolling action by virtue of the traction between the contacting elements. While traction elements are commonly spoken of as being in contact, it is generally accepted that a fluid film is present therebetween. Almost all traction drives require fluids to remove heat, to prevent wear at the contact surfaces and to lubricate bearings and other moving parts associated with the drive. Thus, instead of metal to metal rolling contact there is a film of fluid introduced into the contact zone and interposed between the metal elements.
  • This fluid determines to a large extent the limits in performance and the capacity of the drive.
  • Most traction drives are designed to operate with a traction fluid which preferably has a coefficient of traction above about 0.06, a viscosity in the range of about 4-20,000 mPa.s over a temperature range of 40°C to -20°C and good thermal and oxidative stability.
  • the fluid should also be noncorrosive to common materials of construction and have good load-bearing and low wear-rate properties.
  • Mineral base oils are rather unsatisfactory lubricants for traction drives since in general their traction (friction) coefficient is low, which means that for any given load applied to the gears the maximal tangential force that may be transmitted by the friction wheels is low.
  • FR-A-1 343 967 discloses the use of an aryl aliphatic-oxy silane containing 2 or 3 aryl groups and an aliphatic-oxy group containing 6 or more carbon atoms, as a functional fluid, e.g. a heat-transfer medium, hydraulic fluid or lubricant.
  • a functional fluid e.g. a heat-transfer medium, hydraulic fluid or lubricant.
  • the preferred silanes are the diaryl dialkoxy silanes.
  • FR-A-1 541 833 discloses, as traction fluids, organic compounds
  • the present invention provides the use as lubricants, and especially as traction fluids, of organo-silicon compounds of the general formula I (R1O) m SiR 2 4-m I wherein m is 2, 3 or 4; each group R1 represents a cyclohexyl group optionally substituted by an alkyl group which contains 1-6 carbon atoms; and R2 represents an alkyl group of up to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that when each group R1 represents an unsubstituted cyclohexyl group, then m is 2 or 3, the said organo-silicon compounds being liquid at ambient temperature.
  • the alkyl groups, whether present as grouping R2 or as substituent(s) in group R1 may be linear or branched and groups having up to 4 carbon atoms provide a particularly suitable combination of physical properties and material costs.
  • Preferred silicone esters are those of formula II: wherein m is 2, 3 or 4; and R3 represents H or methyl, with the proviso that when R3 represents H, then m is 2 or 3.
  • the optimal reaction conditions depend to some extent on the precise nature of R1 and R2, and in the (preferred) case where R1 is cyclohexyl and R2 is methyl it was found convenient to carry out the reaction in an organic solvent, such as dichloromethane, in the presence of a base, such as pyridine or triethylamine, to remove the hydrogen chloride generated, and at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.
  • the process should desirably be carried out with dry reagents and under an inert atmosphere (e.g. nitrogen) to minimize hydrolysis of the reagents.
  • an inert atmosphere e.g. nitrogen
  • the viscosity characteristics of the above organo-silicon compounds are very suitable for use in e.g. friction wheel gears (traction drives) in which application they may be admixed with conventional grease thickeners.
  • Such thickeners can be of any number of materials commonly used to thicken mineral oils to lubricating viscosity, including both organic and inorganic compositions such as metallic soaps, synthetic polymers, organosiloxanes, clays, bentonite, and colloidal silica.
  • the viscosity properties of compounds to be used in traction drives are such that the compounds are operable between -30 and 150°C.
  • the ester compounds in the lubricants according to the invention have a viscosity of at most 1000, preferably 250mm2/s at 40°C and at least 1, preferably 3mm2/s at 100°C.
  • the compounds can be used as lubricants in various engineering applications. Since they show excellent lubricating performance in traction drives, the invention in particular provides the use of these organo-silicon compounds as traction fluids, and also the operation of a traction drive wherein such compounds form the traction fluid.
  • the organo-silicon compounds of the present invention can be used per se as lubricants. They can be mixed with other lubricants such as mineral or synthetic oils, and various additives can be added, such as VI-improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, detergents, anti-oxidants and the like.
  • a mixture that can be of particular interest for traction fluid applications is a blend with a polyolefin, in particular a polyalpha olefin, especially polyisobutylene, since the presence of the polymer can usefully enhance the traction coefficient of the fluid blend.
  • the molecular weight of such polyolefin blend components is conveniently in the range 500-10,000, a specific example of a suitable polyisobutylene being "Hyvis", and the proportion of polyolefin may vary from zero to 70 by weight.
  • the measuring device is a gear dynamometer with a pendulum which is swung out of its vertical balanced position when power is transmitted, the sine of the angle of inclination being a measure of the torque.
  • the torque measurement is pre-calibrated through the design and dimensions of the instrument.
  • the friction coefficient is defined by the torque measured divided by the product of the radial force times the radius of the lower disc.
  • Both discs used had a diameter of 50.0mm, the upper disc having a width of 3mm, the lower one having a width of 10mm.
  • the top shaft speed was 606rpm, and the mean tangential (or surface) velocity was 1.48 ms ⁇ 1.
  • the slip employed was 9.1%.
  • the kinematic viscosity properties of the compounds are also included in this Table.
  • Tetra(cyclohexyloxy)silane was also synthesised, but the foregoing frictional properties could not be measured since the material was solid to 71°C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Utilisation comme lubrifiants de composés organo-silicium de la formule générale I : (R¹O) m SiR 2   4-m    I
    Figure imgb0012
    où m est 2, 3 ou 4 ; chaque groupe R¹ représente un groupe cyclohexyle éventuellement substitué par un groupe alcoyle qui contient 1-6 atomes de carbone ; et R² représente un groupe alcoyle ayant jusqu'à 4 atomes de carbone, avec la condition que quand chaque groupe R¹ représente un groupe cyclohexyle non substitué, alors m est 2 ou 3, ces composés organosilicium étant liquides à la température ambiante.
  2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, où le composé organo-silicium est de formule II :
    Figure imgb0013
     où R³ représente H ou un groupe méthyle et m est 2, 3 ou 4, avec la condition que quand R³ représente H, alors m est 2 ou 3.
  3. Utilisation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, où le composé organo-silicium a une viscosité cinématique d'au maximum 1000 mm²/s à 40°C et d'au moins 1 mm²/s à 100°C.
  4. Utilisation comme fluide de traction d'un composé organo-silicium tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1-3 ou d'une composition lubrifiante qui contient comme constituant majeur un composé organo-silicium tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1-3.
  5. Méthode pour faire fonctionner une transmission à traction, où le fluide de traction est un composé organo-silicium tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1-3 ou une composition telle que définie dans la revendication 4.
EP89201763A 1988-07-05 1989-07-03 Fluides lubrifiants de traction Expired - Lifetime EP0350125B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8815994 1988-07-05
GB888815994A GB8815994D0 (en) 1988-07-05 1988-07-05 Traction fluid lubricants

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0350125A1 EP0350125A1 (fr) 1990-01-10
EP0350125B1 true EP0350125B1 (fr) 1993-03-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89201763A Expired - Lifetime EP0350125B1 (fr) 1988-07-05 1989-07-03 Fluides lubrifiants de traction

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0350125B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2740272B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE68905538T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2053951T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB8815994D0 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003057806A1 (fr) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-17 Dow Corning Corporation Fluides de traction
US6602830B1 (en) 2001-12-28 2003-08-05 Dow Corning Corporation Tractions fluids having excellent low temperature properties

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2914550A (en) * 1955-08-01 1959-11-24 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Tertiary alkyl carbinyl orthosilicates
US2995590A (en) * 1958-06-30 1961-08-08 California Research Corp Alkoxysilanes
FR1343967A (fr) * 1961-12-29 1963-11-22 Monsanto Chemicals Perfectionnements aux fluides fonctionnels
US3440894A (en) * 1966-10-13 1969-04-29 Monsanto Co Tractants and method of use
US4141851A (en) * 1975-11-21 1979-02-27 Castrol Limited Silane derivatives

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003057806A1 (fr) * 2001-12-28 2003-07-17 Dow Corning Corporation Fluides de traction
US6602830B1 (en) 2001-12-28 2003-08-05 Dow Corning Corporation Tractions fluids having excellent low temperature properties
US6623399B2 (en) 2001-12-28 2003-09-23 Dow Corning Corporation Traction fluids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8815994D0 (en) 1988-08-10
DE68905538T2 (de) 1993-07-01
JP2740272B2 (ja) 1998-04-15
EP0350125A1 (fr) 1990-01-10
DE68905538D1 (de) 1993-04-29
JPH0253894A (ja) 1990-02-22
ES2053951T3 (es) 1994-08-01

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