EP0351040A2 - Tragbares, unabhängiges Explosivsystem - Google Patents

Tragbares, unabhängiges Explosivsystem Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0351040A2
EP0351040A2 EP89304554A EP89304554A EP0351040A2 EP 0351040 A2 EP0351040 A2 EP 0351040A2 EP 89304554 A EP89304554 A EP 89304554A EP 89304554 A EP89304554 A EP 89304554A EP 0351040 A2 EP0351040 A2 EP 0351040A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ingredients
container
explosive
membrane
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89304554A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0351040A3 (en
EP0351040B1 (de
Inventor
Kenneth A. Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dyno Nobel Inc
Original Assignee
Ireco Inc
Dyno Nobel Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ireco Inc, Dyno Nobel Inc filed Critical Ireco Inc
Publication of EP0351040A2 publication Critical patent/EP0351040A2/de
Publication of EP0351040A3 publication Critical patent/EP0351040A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0351040B1 publication Critical patent/EP0351040B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for forming an explosive and more particularly to a system that is portable, self-contained and is capable of mixing essentially non-explosive ingredients from separate containers to form an explosive.
  • the system is particularly adaptable for military or tactical appli­cations.
  • a tactical explosive for infantry use must be capable of being transported in a backpack, must be able to be used with minimal preparation time and must be capable of use in varied weather and battle conditions.
  • the system and unit of the present invention satisfy these requirements in that the unit can be sized to fit in a backpack; the self-contained unit readily can form an explosive within, for example, one minute; the mixing operation can be accomplished manually without any direct contact with the ingredients or the final explosive; the containers protect the ingredients from the environment; an inner container is housed within an outer container and thus the handling of separate containers is not required; the unit can be operated under water and the explosive composition itself can be designed to be flowable and waterproof thereby making it adaptable for a variety of applications.
  • a tactical explosive must be capable of producing sufficient energy and brisance to accomplish its intended purpose.
  • a relatively powerful compound explosive has been used such as TNT (trinitrotoluene), Composition B, pressed RDX and C4.
  • TNT trinitrotoluene
  • Composition B Composition B
  • pressed RDX Composition B
  • C4 pressed RDX
  • the system of the present invention is capable of forming an explosive of equal or greater energy and brisance than such compound explosives but which is formed from non-detonable ingredients that can be transported safely.
  • the system comprises an outer or first container for holding one or more ingredients of the explosive, an inner or second container disposed within or contiguous to the outer or first container for holding one or more ingredients of the explosive and a mixing element for mixing together the ingredients from the two containers to form an explosive.
  • the second container is rupturable by engagement of the mixing element, which can be manually operated in a reciprocal or other fashion to mix the ingredients uniformly together.
  • the invention also relates to a unit comprising the containers and mixing element.
  • one container holds an inorganic oxidizer salt solution and the other a fuel. When these ingredients are mixed together an explosive is formed from preferably non-explosive ingredients.
  • a portable, self-contained explosives mixing unit 1 constructed in accordance with the present invention and includ­ing a first or outer container 2 for holding one or more ingredi­ents of the explosive.
  • This outer container preferably is rigid or semi-rigid and can be formed from any material compatible with the contained ingredients, such as plastic.
  • Housed or disposed within or contiguous to the outer container 2 is an inner or second container 3 for holding one or more additional ingredients of the explosive which when mixed with the ingredient(s) in the outer container 2 will form an explosive.
  • the inner container 3 has at its open end a flange 4 that abutts or sets upon a corresponding surface at the top of the outer container 1.
  • the flange 4 is secured against the outer container 2 by means of a cap 5 that is threadibly engaged with outer container 1 by threads 6.
  • the flange 4 is sealed with respect to the cap 5 by means of an o-ring 7. (A similar o-ring seal could be placed between the flange and the adjacent surface of the outer container or the flange could be glued to such surface.) In this fashion, the ingredients within the inner container are segregated from the ingredients in the outer container.
  • the inner container 3 is composed of a material that is rupturable or frangible to allow mixing of the ingredients in the inner container with those in the outer container at the desired time.
  • frangible materials include polystyrene or other plastics.
  • the cap 5 also could function as an inner container if, for example, inner container 3 were an integral part of cap 5 or if cap 5 otherwise were modified to hold ingredients that were separated from the ingredients in the outer container by means of a rupturable membrane.
  • the language "disposed within or contiguous to” includes configurations in which the inner or second container is adjacent to the outer or first container and separated therefrom by a rupturable membrane.
  • a mixing element or plunger 8 in the form of a rod and piston assembly having a handle 9, a shaft 10, a baffle plate 11 at the end of the shaft opposite the handle and a base 12 disposed on the shaft 10 between the baffle plate 11 and the closed end 13 of the inner container 3.
  • the shaft 10 extends through the axis of the inner container 3 and protrudes through its closed end 13.
  • a port 14 through which ingredients may be loaded into the inner container 3 or through which a blasting cap may be inserted, and plug 15.
  • a lid 16 is adapted to be removably engaged with the cap 5 to cover and prevent premature movement of the plunger 8.
  • the unit 1 can be operated to mix the ingredients together and produce an explosive as follows.
  • the lid 16 first is removed and then the handle 9 of the plunger 8 manually is pulled or forced upward or away from the cap 5 and outer container 1. This causes the base 12 of the plunger to put a compressive force on the closed end 13 of the frangible inner container 3, and as the plunger 8 is continued to be pulled toward the top or opening of the outer container 1, the frangible inner container ruptures or breaks and the ingredients thereof are allowed to mix with those ingredients in the outer container.
  • the closed end 13 of the inner container can have grooves or convolutions 17 as shown to ease or enhance the rupturing of the inner container.
  • the baffle plate 11 moves up and down (or back and forth) along the axis of the outer container 1, much like a piston within a cylinder, to mix uniformly the ingredients in the ruptured inner container with those in the outer container.
  • the orifices 18 in the baffle plate 11 enhance this mixing action as the ingredients are forced to flow through the orifices.
  • the ruptured or broken inner container 3 may break apart into several or more separate pieces which also enhance the mixing action, and it has been found that the presence of separate pieces of inner container 3 does not adversely affect the detonation results of the final mixed explosive.
  • Cord Wrap - - Det - - 3 Cloth Wraps* 1 50 gr.
  • a heavy canvas cloth was wrapped around bottle, and detonating cord was wrapped around the cloth.
  • 2 Minimum booster in a 75mm charge at the given temperature. The left number indicates that a detonation occurred with the designated cap and the right number indicates a failure.
  • I1 is a blasting cap having 1 grain of loose PETN; I2, I3 and I4 have 2, 3 and 4 grains, respectively. 3 Charge detonated. 4 Charge failed to detonate.
  • the inner container was a rigid polystyrene plastic which was ruptured and broken into several pieces upon engagement of the mixing element (plunger comprising a handle, shaft and baffle plate).
  • the outer container was poly­ethylene
  • the plunger assembly or mixing element was comprised of a polycarbonate shaft and base
  • the baffle plate was a high density polyethylene.
  • the cap element similar in configuration to cap (5) shown in the FIGURE, was comprised of high density polyethylene
  • the lid (16) was medium density polyethylene.
  • the inner container contained 1000 grams of the atomized and paint grade aluminum mixture and the outer container contained 3545 grams of the sodium perchlorate solution, which occupied about 2.36 liters of the 3.79 liter capacity of the outer container.
  • the mixing was accomplished by an individual who held the outer container on the ground with one hand while he reciprocated the plunger assembly with the other hand. Following completion of the indicated number of strokes, the resulting mixed explosive was poured into the various charge diameters and plastic bottles for detonation testing.
  • explosive compositions for use with the system and in the unit preferably are formed from a binary system of oxidizer and fuel, with the oxidizer in one container and the fuel in the other.
  • the oxidizer component preferably is a solution of inorganic oxidizer salt selected from the group consisting of ammonium, alkali and alkaline earth metal nitrates, chlorates and perchlorates or mixtures thereof. Perchlorates are particularly preferred because they increase density and enhance sensitivity in explosive compositions of this type.
  • the fuel component can be a liquid, a solid or combinations thereof.
  • the fuel used in the above example was a mixture of aluminum particles, with the paint grade aluminum acting as both a fuel and a sensitizer.
  • Other solid fuels include finely divided carbonaceous materials such as gilsonite, finely divided vegetable grains such as wheat and potato starch, and sulfur.
  • Liquid fuels include water-immiscible organic liquids such as mineral oil, waxes, paraffin oils, benzene, toluene, xylenes and petroleum distillates.
  • Water-miscible organic liquids that can be used as fuels include alcohols such as methyl alcohol, glycols such as ethylene glycol, amides such as formamide, and analogous nitrogen-containing liquids.
  • ethylene glycol is a solvent for the oxidizer and as a liquid was easier to handle in the solution rather than in the dry (aluminum) component.
  • Water preferably is present in sufficient quantity to keep the oxidizer salt in solution at intended temperatures of use to allow for a fluid mixing medium.
  • the xanthan gum thickening agent in the oxidizer solution renders the solution more viscous which aids in suspending the aluminum particles uniformly throughout the composition following mixing.
  • Various thickening agents are well-known in the art.
  • a density reducing agent such as hollow glass or plastic spheres, may be included in either the oxidizer or fuel component to increase sensitivity.
  • the theoretically available energy of the formulation of the example is 1384 kcal/kg, which compares favorably with that for TNT of 1235 kcal/kg.
  • a preferred size of the unit of the present invention is as follows: An outer container capable of holding 4545 grams of mixed explosive and comprising a cylindrical container approxi­mately 15 centimeters in diameter and 20 centimeters in height. The inner container would be about one-fourth of this size (if holding the fuel component). The size of the unit and its various components, however, can be varied as desired.
  • the explosive should be fluid at the mixing temperature for ease of mixing and to allow ease of removal from the outer con­tainer into a separate receptacle, if desired. Further, a fluid explosive can be used advantageously in a variety of applica­tions.
  • the positioning of the second container within or contiguous to the first container is not critical; however, if the second container is axially positioned within or contiguous to the first container, then uniformity of the final mixture is somewhat easier to obtain.
  • the concept of housing an inner container within or contiguous to an outer container is advantageous in that it dispenses with the need to handle separate containers. This prevents the possibility of separation or misplacement of one of the containers, does not require the handling of separate containers (which is time consuming and difficult if not impossible to accomplish under water) and prevents potential errors in attempting to combine ingredients from separate containers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Package Specialized In Special Use (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
EP89304554A 1988-05-10 1989-05-05 Tragbares, unabhängiges Explosivsystem Expired - Lifetime EP0351040B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US19286888A 1988-05-10 1988-05-10
US192868 1988-05-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0351040A2 true EP0351040A2 (de) 1990-01-17
EP0351040A3 EP0351040A3 (en) 1990-09-26
EP0351040B1 EP0351040B1 (de) 1994-07-13

Family

ID=22711358

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89304554A Expired - Lifetime EP0351040B1 (de) 1988-05-10 1989-05-05 Tragbares, unabhängiges Explosivsystem

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0351040B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0213799A (de)
AT (1) ATE108540T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68916715D1 (de)
IL (1) IL90212A (de)
NO (1) NO891889L (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2875002A1 (fr) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-10 Ardi Sa Artifice de divertissement du type marron d'air
WO2015035429A3 (en) * 2013-09-04 2015-07-16 Ael Mining Services Limited Base charge explosive system application

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB383322A (en) * 1931-08-11 1932-11-17 Vivian Ernest Saunders Mitchel Improvements in and relating to devices for indicating wind direction
GB787783A (en) * 1955-12-06 1957-12-18 Simmenthal Meridionale S R L Improvements in the canning of products
BE563608A (de) * 1957-01-03
US3580171A (en) * 1969-02-25 1971-05-25 Explosives Corp America Field sensitized explosive devices and sensitizing method
US3687076A (en) * 1970-12-21 1972-08-29 Explosives Corp America Field sensitized explosive package
US4657534A (en) * 1985-11-04 1987-04-14 Alcon Laboratories, Inc. Dual compartment, disposable, mixing and dispensing container

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2875002A1 (fr) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-10 Ardi Sa Artifice de divertissement du type marron d'air
EP1635134A1 (de) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-15 Hunter Pacific Ltd Feuerwerkskörper zur Unterhaltung in Form einer Mörserbombe.
WO2015035429A3 (en) * 2013-09-04 2015-07-16 Ael Mining Services Limited Base charge explosive system application

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO891889L (no) 1989-11-13
EP0351040A3 (en) 1990-09-26
IL90212A0 (en) 1989-12-15
EP0351040B1 (de) 1994-07-13
JPH0213799A (ja) 1990-01-18
ATE108540T1 (de) 1994-07-15
DE68916715D1 (de) 1994-08-18
IL90212A (en) 1995-06-29
NO891889D0 (no) 1989-05-09

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