EP0352582A2 - Dispositif de support pour l'enduction d'un matériau en bande en mouvement, et procédé d'enduction - Google Patents
Dispositif de support pour l'enduction d'un matériau en bande en mouvement, et procédé d'enduction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0352582A2 EP0352582A2 EP89113032A EP89113032A EP0352582A2 EP 0352582 A2 EP0352582 A2 EP 0352582A2 EP 89113032 A EP89113032 A EP 89113032A EP 89113032 A EP89113032 A EP 89113032A EP 0352582 A2 EP0352582 A2 EP 0352582A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- coating
- doctor blade
- circumferential grooves
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
- B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
- B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
- B05C1/0826—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets
- B05C1/083—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets being passed between the coating roller and one or more backing rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/06—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying two different liquids or other fluent materials, or the same liquid or other fluent material twice, to the same side of the work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/40—Distributing applied liquids or other fluent materials by members moving relatively to surface
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/52—Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with a device carrying the material
- D21H23/56—Rolls
- D21H23/58—Details thereof, e.g. surface characteristics, peripheral speed
- D21H23/60—Details thereof, e.g. surface characteristics, peripheral speed the material on the applicator roll being subjected to a particular treatment before applying to the paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/70—Multistep processes; Apparatus for adding one or several substances in portions or in various ways to the paper, not covered by another single group of this main group
Definitions
- the invention relates to an application device according to the preamble of claim 1 and corresponding method.
- the method for coating running material webs with the two successive coating processes, the layer applied first being still moist when the second layer is applied, is known from US Pat. No. 3,202,536.
- the two coating stations are arranged here on a single roller guiding the web as well as on two successive rollers.
- One of the latter corresponding devices is also known from CA 882 640.
- the latter differs from the other in that the application takes place in the first coating station by means of an application roller.
- This first applied layer is then evened out by means of a doctor blade, the excess being scraped off. In the other device, scraping by means of a doctor blade also takes place in the first coating station.
- the object of the invention is to provide a reliable wet-on-wet coating method with the best coating quality and economical material consumption.
- a new coating device is created according to the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
- the coating is first applied to the web to a small extent, with the first nip of coating being uniformly pressed in by the press nip between the first web guide roller and the press roller.
- the web is virtually impregnated, and it is easily possible to evenly apply the cover layer with the second coating device.
- Due to the press nip there is no great stress, in particular tensile or crushing stress on the material web.
- the scraper blade which tends to compress the web or even cause web breaks, is easily avoided at the stage where web contacts can occur.
- the first web guide roller that is, the first coating device with 1, the associated press roller with 2 and the web guide roller of the second coating device with 3.
- the path is indicated by W.
- the first coating device has an application chamber 4 for the coating material, into which it is introduced through the feed pipe 5.
- the application chamber is designed as a nozzle chamber with an overflow so that excess coating compound can overflow into the collecting trough 7, which is attached to the application chamber 4.
- the application chamber 4 is held by a support beam 6.
- a doctor blade 8 At the end of the application chamber 4 on the exit side in the direction of rotation of the web guide roller 1 there is the metering element, a doctor blade 8, which is in front preferably has a surface provided with circumferential grooves.
- Such an application chamber 13 with feed pipe 14 is also provided as the second coating device.
- a doctor blade 12 is provided here on the outlet side with respect to the application chamber 13, which smoothes the second application layer.
- the relatively precisely metered amount of coating composition is pressed into the web, preferably a paper or cardboard web, and impregnated therewith.
- the web W is then fed to the second coating device without further drying. It can be passed over an spreader roller 18 to avoid wrinkles.
- the doctor blade 12 is of course pressed in a known manner by the pressing means so that it lies evenly on the web guide roller 3 or the monitor web and smoothes the coating very evenly.
- the orders with order chamber are known e.g. from US 4,250,211 and application squeegee with sump and roller squeegee including holder from US 2,970,564.
- a squeegee provided with wire wrapping forming the circumferential grooves is e.g. known from US 3,387,585.
- a variant is shown in broken lines in FIG. 1, in which the web guide rollers 1 and 3 are arranged directly next to one another. In the gap that is formed between the two rollers, the web runs relatively smoothly, at least without major contact forces.
- a pressure in the nip between roller 1 and 3 is not possible, since web elongation and transverse expansion between the nip of roller 1 and 3 and the blade 12 cannot be compensated for.
- the basic principle of the application device according to the invention is to carry out the first coating only to such an extent that essentially only the paper is impregnated. Therefore, the amount of the coating slip applied in the first application device depends on the absorbency of the paper, which among other things. is essentially a function of the basis weight of the paper. For example, basis weights of more than 80 g / m2 are used for wood-free paper types. With these papers, which are also equipped with greater absorbency because of their greater porosity, the basis weight applied in the first coating device is a maximum of about 7 g / m 2, so that a total of 15 g / m 2 coating amount is applied in both coating devices.
- the corresponding groove size is a maximum of about 0.012 mm / m2 in cross section. This applies essentially to those squeegees with wire wrapping. However, these squeegees do not have a very long service life.
- doctor blades have been developed for the application device according to the invention, which make it possible to produce a perfect line over longer operating periods.
- Such a doctor blade is sketched in FIG. 2, with webs 21 being located between the grooves 20 which, viewed in cross section parallel to the central axis of the doctor blade rod, have a surface parallel to this central axis.
- the value per meter working width of the roller doctor rod of a maximum of 34 mm2 can be regarded as the upper limit.
- the cross section of the grooves of a roller doctor rod provided with wire wrapping is a maximum of approximately 0.006 mm 2 in order to apply an application layer of 3 g / m 2 by means of the first coating device.
- the total order is then about 10 g / m2.
- the total cross-sectional area for the doctor blade according to FIG. 2 is then a maximum of 24 mm2 per meter of working width.
Landscapes
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT89113032T ATE87677T1 (de) | 1988-07-27 | 1989-07-15 | Auftragseinrichtung zur beschichtung laufender warenbahnen sowie verfahren zur beschichtung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3825412 | 1988-07-27 | ||
| DE3825412 | 1988-07-27 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0352582A2 true EP0352582A2 (fr) | 1990-01-31 |
| EP0352582A3 EP0352582A3 (fr) | 1991-06-12 |
| EP0352582B1 EP0352582B1 (fr) | 1993-03-31 |
| EP0352582B2 EP0352582B2 (fr) | 1999-02-24 |
Family
ID=6359608
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19890110962 Withdrawn EP0352465A3 (fr) | 1988-07-27 | 1989-06-16 | Dispositif de support pour l'enduction d'un matériau en bande en mouvement, et procédé d'enduction |
| EP89113032A Expired - Lifetime EP0352582B2 (fr) | 1988-07-27 | 1989-07-15 | Procédé de couchage de bandes défilantes en papier ou en carton |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19890110962 Withdrawn EP0352465A3 (fr) | 1988-07-27 | 1989-06-16 | Dispositif de support pour l'enduction d'un matériau en bande en mouvement, et procédé d'enduction |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US4980207A (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP0352465A3 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2524641B2 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE87677T1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1336374C (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE3922535C3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2039766T3 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI94274C (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO176008C (fr) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0458035A3 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1993-02-03 | J.M. Voith Gmbh | Device for applying a liquid coating product on sheet-like materials |
| EP0438743B1 (fr) * | 1990-01-26 | 1993-10-06 | J.M. Voith GmbH | Procédé d'enduction et dispositif pour enduire une bande de papier ou de carton en mouvement |
| WO1994023127A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-13 | Veitsiluoto Oy | Procede et appareil de couchage du papier |
| US5650200A (en) * | 1994-06-29 | 1997-07-22 | Valmet Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling the thickness of a coating applied to a moving web |
| AT407014B (de) * | 1991-06-19 | 2000-11-27 | Voith Gmbh J M | Streichklinge |
| US7264440B2 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2007-09-04 | Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel pump |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0352465A3 (fr) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-10-10 | J.M. Voith GmbH | Dispositif de support pour l'enduction d'un matériau en bande en mouvement, et procédé d'enduction |
| US5340611A (en) * | 1989-07-25 | 1994-08-23 | J. M. Voith Gmbh | Process for coating travelling webs |
| FI86318C (fi) * | 1990-06-26 | 1992-08-10 | Keskuslaboratorio | Foerfarande och anordning foer att reglera bladbestrykning. |
| DE4211401A1 (de) * | 1992-04-04 | 1993-10-07 | Voith Gmbh J M | Beschichtungseinrichtung für Bahnen aus Papier oder Karton |
| FI93665C (fi) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-05-10 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Menetelmä ja laitteisto paperirainan päällystämiseksi |
| DE4340039C2 (de) * | 1993-11-24 | 1997-08-21 | Voith Gmbh J M | Beschichtungseinrichtung für laufende Bahnen aus Papier oder Karton |
| DE4414949A1 (de) * | 1994-04-28 | 1995-11-02 | Voith Gmbh J M | Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von mindestens einem flüssigen Medium auf eine laufende Materialbahn |
| FI109216B (fi) | 1996-03-06 | 2002-06-14 | Metso Paper Inc | Menetelmä ja sovitelma liikkuvan radan päällystämiseksi |
| DE19623622A1 (de) * | 1996-06-13 | 1997-12-18 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung einer laufenden Materialbahn |
| DE29610395U1 (de) * | 1996-06-13 | 1996-08-22 | Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen GmbH, 89522 Heidenheim | Vorrichtung zum aufeinanderfolgenden Auftragen von zwei Schichten von flüssigen oder pastösen Medien auf eine Seite einer laufenden Materialbahn |
| US5776546A (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-07-07 | Miply Equipment, Inc. | Method and apparatus for impregnating a porous substrate with a solids-bearing saturant |
| DE19704858B4 (de) * | 1997-02-10 | 2005-07-21 | Voith Paper Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen beidseitig gestrichener Papierbahnen |
| US5843529A (en) * | 1997-02-13 | 1998-12-01 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Pre-metering rod |
| FI102200B1 (fi) * | 1997-02-24 | 1998-10-30 | Valmet Corp | Menetelmä kartongin tai paperin käsittelemiseksi, menetelmän toteuttamiseen tarkoitettu sovitelma sekä menetelmällä valmistettu tuote |
| DE19722117C2 (de) * | 1997-05-27 | 2000-09-07 | Bematec S A | Beschichtung poröser Träger |
| DE19958109A1 (de) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum indirekten Auftragen eines flüssigen oder pastösen Auftragsmediums auf eine laufende Materialbahn, insbesondere aus Papier oder Karton |
| US9304415B2 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-04-05 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Coating liquid dispensers |
| TWI740640B (zh) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-09-21 | 全利機械股份有限公司 | 纖維製品的液體塗佈機台 |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA882640A (en) * | 1971-10-05 | D. Collins John | Doctoring double coating on substrate | |
| US2582407A (en) * | 1945-05-24 | 1952-01-15 | Minnesota & Ontario Paper Co | Process for coating paper |
| US2970564A (en) * | 1955-12-23 | 1961-02-07 | Champion Paper & Fibre Co | Apparatus for coating paper |
| US2870738A (en) * | 1957-02-28 | 1959-01-27 | Black Clawson Co | Paper coating machine |
| US2937955A (en) * | 1957-12-24 | 1960-05-24 | Continental Can Co | Coating process |
| US3202536A (en) * | 1961-11-08 | 1965-08-24 | Beloit Corp | Method and apparatus for coating paper |
| US3511696A (en) * | 1966-06-16 | 1970-05-12 | Stauffer Chem Co Of Canada Ltd | Reverse roll coating process and apparatus |
| US3387585A (en) * | 1967-03-21 | 1968-06-11 | Farrell John Jerome | Apparatus for metering a coated carrier |
| GB1337345A (en) * | 1970-11-30 | 1973-11-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Producing capsule-coated sheets |
| US4177304A (en) * | 1977-03-17 | 1979-12-04 | Beloit Corporation | Method of coating both sides of a travelling web |
| US4250211A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-02-10 | Consolidated Papers, Inc. | Paper coating method and apparatus |
| JPS5898166A (ja) * | 1981-12-07 | 1983-06-10 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 金属帯への表面処理水溶液の塗布方法 |
| CH663362A5 (de) * | 1984-01-07 | 1987-12-15 | Jagenberg Ag | Vorrichtung zum beschichten von ueber eine stuetzwalze laufenden materialbahnen mit regelbarer auftragsstaerke. |
| GB8402190D0 (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1984-02-29 | Wiggins Teape Group Ltd | Coating paper |
| DE3417487A1 (de) * | 1984-05-11 | 1985-11-21 | J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim | Vorrichtung zum auftragen einer fluessigkeit auf eine laufende bahn |
| JPS62106672U (fr) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-08 | ||
| DE3713278A1 (de) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-05 | Will E C H Gmbh & Co | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum auftragen einer fliessfaehigen masse auf eine bahn |
| DE3633833C1 (de) * | 1986-10-04 | 1993-05-06 | Vits Maschinenbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen einer fluessigen oder pastoesen Substanz auf eine Materialbahn |
| AT396437B (de) * | 1986-10-25 | 1993-09-27 | Voith Gmbh J M | Vordosiereinrichtung in einer streichanlage |
| DE3725893C1 (en) * | 1987-08-05 | 1988-12-15 | Voith Gmbh J M | Process and device for coating and for smoothing the coating |
| EP0352465A3 (fr) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-10-10 | J.M. Voith GmbH | Dispositif de support pour l'enduction d'un matériau en bande en mouvement, et procédé d'enduction |
-
1989
- 1989-06-16 EP EP19890110962 patent/EP0352465A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-07-08 DE DE3922535A patent/DE3922535C3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-15 ES ES198989113032T patent/ES2039766T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-15 DE DE8989113032T patent/DE58903929D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-15 AT AT89113032T patent/ATE87677T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-07-15 EP EP89113032A patent/EP0352582B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-18 FI FI893468A patent/FI94274C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-07-25 US US07/385,212 patent/US4980207A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-26 NO NO893045A patent/NO176008C/no unknown
- 1989-07-27 JP JP1192801A patent/JP2524641B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-27 CA CA000606822A patent/CA1336374C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-09-13 US US07/582,259 patent/US5101760A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-01-07 US US07/818,746 patent/US5171612A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0438743B1 (fr) * | 1990-01-26 | 1993-10-06 | J.M. Voith GmbH | Procédé d'enduction et dispositif pour enduire une bande de papier ou de carton en mouvement |
| EP0458035A3 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1993-02-03 | J.M. Voith Gmbh | Device for applying a liquid coating product on sheet-like materials |
| AT407014B (de) * | 1991-06-19 | 2000-11-27 | Voith Gmbh J M | Streichklinge |
| WO1994023127A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-13 | Veitsiluoto Oy | Procede et appareil de couchage du papier |
| US5650200A (en) * | 1994-06-29 | 1997-07-22 | Valmet Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling the thickness of a coating applied to a moving web |
| US7264440B2 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2007-09-04 | Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel pump |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0352465A3 (fr) | 1990-10-10 |
| FI94274C (fi) | 1995-08-10 |
| EP0352582A3 (fr) | 1991-06-12 |
| DE58903929D1 (de) | 1993-05-06 |
| US5101760A (en) | 1992-04-07 |
| DE3922535C2 (de) | 1994-07-14 |
| EP0352582B1 (fr) | 1993-03-31 |
| ATE87677T1 (de) | 1993-04-15 |
| NO893045D0 (no) | 1989-07-26 |
| JPH0283063A (ja) | 1990-03-23 |
| CA1336374C (fr) | 1995-07-25 |
| JP2524641B2 (ja) | 1996-08-14 |
| EP0352582B2 (fr) | 1999-02-24 |
| ES2039766T3 (es) | 1993-10-01 |
| US5171612A (en) | 1992-12-15 |
| DE3922535A1 (de) | 1990-02-01 |
| NO176008C (no) | 1995-01-18 |
| FI893468A0 (fi) | 1989-07-18 |
| NO176008B (no) | 1994-10-10 |
| FI893468L (fi) | 1990-01-28 |
| FI94274B (fi) | 1995-04-28 |
| DE3922535C3 (de) | 1999-03-18 |
| EP0352465A2 (fr) | 1990-01-31 |
| US4980207A (en) | 1990-12-25 |
| NO893045L (no) | 1990-01-29 |
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