EP0355569A2 - Four tunnel pour la cuisson d'une charge contenant des matières inflammables - Google Patents

Four tunnel pour la cuisson d'une charge contenant des matières inflammables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0355569A2
EP0355569A2 EP89114624A EP89114624A EP0355569A2 EP 0355569 A2 EP0355569 A2 EP 0355569A2 EP 89114624 A EP89114624 A EP 89114624A EP 89114624 A EP89114624 A EP 89114624A EP 0355569 A2 EP0355569 A2 EP 0355569A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
tunnel
zone
sectional area
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89114624A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0355569B1 (fr
EP0355569A3 (en
Inventor
Andreas Hässler
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT89114624T priority Critical patent/ATE97226T1/de
Publication of EP0355569A2 publication Critical patent/EP0355569A2/fr
Publication of EP0355569A3 publication Critical patent/EP0355569A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0355569B1 publication Critical patent/EP0355569B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tunnel kiln for burning combustible material containing combustion material, in which the furnace gas is guided over part of the furnace length in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the combustion material and has a heating zone at the furnace entrance, a subsequent heating zone and a subsequent high temperature zone, furthermore a subsequent cooling zone extending to the furnace exit.
  • the invention further relates to a method for firing in such a tunnel kiln.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a tunnel kiln and a method for firing the type which is known as being known in such a way that good exhaust gas quality, in particular with regard to organic substances, can be achieved without extensive outside installations being required to achieve this good exhaust gas quality. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to use the fuel contained in the stock in the furnace economically well.
  • the firing process control should be easier than before, without interfering with the countercurrent heat exchange ratio between the cooling and firing zones.
  • the furnace pressure should be able to be reduced significantly, so that long combustion channels can also be implemented without the need for expensive means such as pressure compensation, water channel sealing or the like.
  • the high free internal cross-section typical of the invention in the heating zone results in favorable furnace gas conditions with low flow rates and correspondingly low delivery resistances through the furnace.
  • the furnace according to the invention therefore requires only little draft and can therefore be built longer than conventional tunnel furnaces. Because of the large internal cross-sectional areas according to the invention, the force required to convey furnace gas is also low. There are also enlarged convection areas.
  • the furnace Since all process-related heat transport takes place within the furnace jacket, the furnace operates with lower fuel requirements than known systems. In addition, the exhaust gas volume, which is no longer dependent on the counterflow ratio in the heating zone, is reduced.
  • the amount of exhaust gas can be controlled with the new tunnel furnace and the new method, preferably based on the oxygen content of the exhaust gas stream.
  • two flow paths are always present in the heating zone, namely one in cocurrent with the firing material, which gives or has given off the heat to the heating zone and another in countercurrent, which supplies the heating zone with heat from combustion processes from the firing zone .
  • the marginal gaps between the inner lining of the furnace and the trimmings in the tunnel furnace i.e. the free internal cross-sectional areas
  • the invention proposes to make the free inner cross-sectional area of the tunnel furnace in the area of the heating zone and possibly the heating zone and possibly part of the firing zone substantially larger than the inner cross-sectional area in the area of the cooling zone which has remained unchanged from the prevailing teaching in the adjoining area of the firing zone.
  • the large free internal cross-sectional areas provided according to the invention can be used to convey large amounts of gas in the longitudinal direction of the furnace. The furnace gas can thus be conveyed within the combustion channel and does not have to be accomplished, as in the case of known special constructions, via external corrosion-prone pipelines.
  • the preheating zone is denoted by A, the heating zone by B, the firing zone by C and the cooling zone by D.
  • large free internal cross-sectional areas are provided within the furnace between the inner wall of the furnace and the facing. These free inner cross-sectional areas, which extend through the entire heating zone to the beginning of the firing zone, can be provided at different locations.
  • the free inner cross-sectional areas or transfer cross-sections are each provided on the side next to the trimmings 2.
  • the free inner cross-sectional area above the facing, that is between the furnace ceiling and the upper edge of the facing is pre-selected see.
  • Another free cross-sectional area is formed in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 by a continuous longitudinal channel provided in the trim.
  • furnace gas flow is effected with gas delivery devices.
  • gas delivery devices 7 are preferably suction jet nozzles or ring jacket nozzles, which have proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the furnace gas flows in a first direction, designated 3. It comes from the firing zone B, flows through the lateral cross-sectional enlargement 1a, passes through the firing material 2 transversely and flows back through the lateral cross-sectional enlargement 1b in the direction of the firing zone B.
  • a first direction designated 3
  • an opposite flow direction 3a is also possible, which is symbolized by dashed arrows.
  • a periodic change between the different flow directions is also possible. More furnace gas should flow in the heating zone than normally flows there in a normal counterflow tunnel furnace. The higher amount of furnace gas is used to supply the stock at this point with the exothermic energy released from combustion processes in combustion zone C.
  • the furnace gas is removed in a high temperature zone, i.e. at the beginning and / or within the combustion zone C.
  • the removal takes place where experience has shown that there are no more carbonization gases, ie at a temperature of approx. 700 to 900 ° C.
  • a plurality of exhaust gas extraction points 4 can be provided, which can be distributed over the entire heating zone and into the combustion zone. These tapping points can have corresponding shut-off devices so that the desired exhaust gas temperature and exhaust gas composition can be achieved.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the heating zone.
  • the furnace area with the enlarged free inner cross-sectional area is made airtight as a curved sheet steel shell construction.
  • Ceramic fiber mats are provided as insulating mats on the inside of the sheet steel shell construction. The execution in ceramic fiber construction is possible without difficulty because the distance between the trimmings and the inner surface of the furnace is so large that no damage can occur due to falling or protruding firing material on the inside of the furnace wall.
  • the gas flow 3c takes place above the facing 2 in the heating zone B and the backflow 3d takes place through the facing 2, preferably through longitudinal channels, which can also be arranged offset to one another.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 does not require any lateral broadening of the furnace, but merely an increase in the furnace roof in the heating area.
  • FIG. 4 the same parts have the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.
  • Gas delivery devices 7, which are preferably designed as ring nozzles, are arranged below the furnace ceiling 105. With 8 the chimney is designated and with 9 a fresh air socket for reducing the exhaust gas temperature when used directly for preheating the moldings.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the arrangement of lattice walls or perforated walls 10 in the areas with an enlarged free inner cross-sectional area. These can be provided if a shielding of the trimmings 2 from the gas streams 3 and 3a conveyed in the transfer cross sections 1a and 1b seems advisable.
  • the high-temperature zone of the tunnel furnace serves as a thermal afterburning section.
  • the hot furnace gas is withdrawn from the high-temperature zone of the furnace and fed to the heating zone for heating the colder stock.
  • the smoldering gases thus formed in the warming-up zone are transported into the firing zone or a zone of which the temperature is sufficient to cause the smoldering gases to ignite, burn and thus heat in the furnace.
  • the resulting combustion and heating effect in the high temperature zone allows the thermal cleaning of the carbonization gases there and the removal of exhaust gases from this zone.
  • the cleaned exhaust gases removed here when hot can be transported again into the heating zone for heat dissipation.
  • the exhaust gas is not discharged directly from the kiln at the high-temperature extraction point, but rather via lines which run inside the kiln and pass through the entire heating zone and exit the kiln at the beginning thereof.
  • the diagram according to FIG. 5 illustrates the course of the different gas flows.
  • the tunnel kiln designated 11, has three opposing gas flues or gas flow paths within the kiln jacket in the heating zone area.
  • Two throttle cables, 12 and 13 run in opposite directions to each other and are in direct contact with the firing material.
  • Another of a total of three streams, namely stream 14, runs inside the furnace in a line counter to the direction of the firing material.
  • This gas stream 14 can deliver its heat content via the line and through the heat exchanger 17 through which it flows to the heating zone.
  • the third flue gas duct or flue gas flow 14 is formed by the flue gas extraction points 15, the flue gas lines 16a and 16b and by the heat exchangers 17, which in the exemplary embodiment shown are arranged within the furnace jacket, specifically in the areas 1a and 1b. After it has cooled in the heat exchangers 17 in the furnace, the exhaust gas leaves the tunnel furnace via lines 18 after it has given off the sensible heat to the firing stock. The exhaust gas then reaches the ambient air via the chimney 19.
  • the delivery volume of the gas flues 12 and 13 can be regulated and can be larger or smaller than the exhaust gas delivery flow 14 which is guided within the lines 16a and 16b.
  • FIG. 6 shows the temperature curve for the furnace according to FIG. 5.
  • Figure 7 shows an operating diagram with three successive throttle cables.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary cross section with an arrangement of the exhaust pipes 16a and 16b within the furnace jacket 20 with its inner lining 21.
  • the exhaust pipes 16a and 16b serve, up to the heat exchangers 17, for indirect, convective heat dissipation to the furnace trimmings 2.
  • the exhaust gas is removed from there cooled to approx. 700 ° C. It is therefore possible to apply a lower temperature to the heat exchangers and therefore also to produce them in a metallic design.
  • the amount of exhaust gas through line 18 is regulated by means of a fan 23.
  • the indirect exhaust gas duct 14 is thus kept under negative pressure. Circulating means known per se are used between heat exchangers 17 and kiln car stock 2 in order to transfer the heat from the heat exchangers to the kiln car stock and to cool the exhaust gas stream.
  • the tunnel kiln can also be used to clean pollutants that come from the fuels used or the fuel itself. These are essentially halogens and sulfur oxides, which are very reactive at elevated temperatures. For such temperatures of around 500 ° C to 900 ° C, there is enough space in the tunnel furnace for exhaust gas purification to take place inside the furnace.
  • the solid matter filter 24 is therefore provided within the furnace jacket in the enlarged furnace cross-sectional area 1 a.
  • the in Halogens released at a higher temperature range are reacted by the circulating streams 12 and 13 in the colder part of the heating zone with lime or calcareous blanks.
  • the circulation flow 12, 13 can be varied according to the direction and amount, if necessary also periodically reversed. In order to achieve a higher degree of purification, the circulation quantity of the circulation flow can be increased considerably compared to the exhaust gas flow that is removed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
EP89114624A 1988-08-09 1989-08-08 Four tunnel pour la cuisson d'une charge contenant des matières inflammables Expired - Lifetime EP0355569B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89114624T ATE97226T1 (de) 1988-08-09 1989-08-08 Tunnelofen zum brennen von verbrennbare stoffe enthaltendem brenngut.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3826957 1988-08-09
DE3826957A DE3826957A1 (de) 1988-08-09 1988-08-09 Mehrstrom - niederdruck - tunnelofen mit integrierter thermischer abgasreinigung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0355569A2 true EP0355569A2 (fr) 1990-02-28
EP0355569A3 EP0355569A3 (en) 1990-12-27
EP0355569B1 EP0355569B1 (fr) 1993-11-10

Family

ID=6360489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89114624A Expired - Lifetime EP0355569B1 (fr) 1988-08-09 1989-08-08 Four tunnel pour la cuisson d'une charge contenant des matières inflammables

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0355569B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE97226T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3826957A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4023432A1 (de) * 1989-10-18 1991-04-25 Werner Ing Grad Strohmenger Tunnelofen
DE4016227A1 (de) * 1990-05-19 1991-11-21 Haessler Andreas Dipl Ing Fh In-line fertigungslinie fuer ziegelformlinge, insbesondere stranggepresste
DE102011100736A1 (de) 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Andreas Hässler Gekoppeltes Verfahren zum Herstellen baukeramischer Erzeugnisse unter Verwendung eines Tunnelofens mit integrierter Schwellgasverbrennung und Beheizung mit Festbrennstoffen, auch mit hohem Gehalt flüchtiger Anteile sowie biogene Festbrennstoffe zur kontin

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2525101A (en) * 1946-06-13 1950-10-10 Ferro Enamel Corp Kiln structure
DE1583457A1 (de) * 1965-03-01 1970-08-06 Andreas Haessler Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen reduzierenden Brennen von keramischen Erzeugnissen
DE1301436B (de) * 1965-03-01 1969-08-21 Andreas Haessler Verfahren zum Betrieb von Tunneloefen u. dgl. fuer das Brennen von keramischen Erzeugnissen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4023432A1 (de) * 1989-10-18 1991-04-25 Werner Ing Grad Strohmenger Tunnelofen
DE4016227A1 (de) * 1990-05-19 1991-11-21 Haessler Andreas Dipl Ing Fh In-line fertigungslinie fuer ziegelformlinge, insbesondere stranggepresste
DE102011100736A1 (de) 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Andreas Hässler Gekoppeltes Verfahren zum Herstellen baukeramischer Erzeugnisse unter Verwendung eines Tunnelofens mit integrierter Schwellgasverbrennung und Beheizung mit Festbrennstoffen, auch mit hohem Gehalt flüchtiger Anteile sowie biogene Festbrennstoffe zur kontin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3826957A1 (de) 1990-02-15
EP0355569B1 (fr) 1993-11-10
DE58906149D1 (de) 1993-12-16
EP0355569A3 (en) 1990-12-27
ATE97226T1 (de) 1993-11-15

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