EP0356697B1 - Dispositif de combustion étagée à tirage renversé pour des combustibles alternatifs - Google Patents
Dispositif de combustion étagée à tirage renversé pour des combustibles alternatifs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0356697B1 EP0356697B1 EP89113575A EP89113575A EP0356697B1 EP 0356697 B1 EP0356697 B1 EP 0356697B1 EP 89113575 A EP89113575 A EP 89113575A EP 89113575 A EP89113575 A EP 89113575A EP 0356697 B1 EP0356697 B1 EP 0356697B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- combustion
- fuel
- limestone
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003473 refuse derived fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
- F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
- F23B1/38—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel on a grate or other fuel support
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B7/00—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus
- F23B7/002—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements
- F23B7/005—Combustion techniques; Other solid-fuel combustion apparatus characterised by gas flow arrangements with downdraught through fuel bed and grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
- F23G5/26—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber having rotating bottom
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
Definitions
- R.D.F. thus permits to overcome the obsolete technologies of total incineration, everywhere under accusation and topical subject of debate, dispute and contestation because of the many problems related to its possible emission of dioxins and its pollution of the environment.
- R.D.F. may be produced in 3 quality standards resulting from three production stages, i.e.
- the densified as well as pelletized R.D.F. may be burnt in grate furnaces or in rotary furnaces provided they are equipped with an afterburning chamber associated with other fuels (coal, lignite, industrial waste etc.).
- thermocombustor subject matter of this application for Letters Patent is filling a gap and constitutes a specific equipment for densified or pelletized R.D.F. combustion.
- R.D.F. is only one of the fuels that can be burnt in the thermocombustor subject matter of this invention, since this furnace can be used for combustion of numerous small sized industrial waste, of combustible products having a high content of toxic or noxious pollutants, while ensuring neutralization of acid combustion products.
- thermocombustor as by claim 1 is consisting of four shells forming four chambers, of which the upper first chamber is acting as a storage space for fuel mixted with limestone.
- the second chamber surrounding the first chamber preheats the precombustion air the flow rate of which is regulated by a fan.
- the third chamber located bellow the first is closed at its bottom end by a rotary disc for elimination of the ashes and solid residues.
- the first combustion stage of the fuel and limestone takes place in this third chamber.
- the combustion gases enter the fourth chamber through radial slots, where more air is added through a ring-shaped bustle main and nozzles for final combustion at high temperature.
- Combustion gases are conveyed to the users through a duct, whilst the ashes, removed by the disc, are dumped into the water of a basin from which they are removed by a screw feeder.
- GB-A-2.002.501 discloses an incenerator with four different chambers as well as with an ash quenching system.
- the air chamber is formed by a central tube with a conical member at its lower end, whereas according to the invention the air chamber is disposed around the storage bin, to prevent excessive heating of the wall of the storage bin and thus clotting or caking of the feed mass enclosed therein is avoided.
- GB-A-2.002.501 foresees the supply of the air in the combustion chamber, whilst the invention foresees this supply between the storage and combustion chambers.
- the high temperature combustion gases of the fourth chamber heat the refuse in the first chamber, whilst according to the invention the combustion gases heat the precombustion air contained in the second chamber.
- GB-A-2.002.501 Numerous other constructive particulars differentiate the solutions according to GB-A-2.002.501 and to the invention.
- GB-A-1.561.938 disclosing an ash discharge system consisting of a rotary disc and an ash quenching system provided with two annular hydraulic sealing skirts
- GB-A-468.813 disclosing a screw feeder for removing ashes.
- thermocombustor is consisting of four coaxially arranged, cylindrical metal shells 1,2,3,4, so that they are forming four chambers, A, B, C, and D having well defined and differentiated functions.
- A) First continuous fuel feeding chamber :
- This chamber is consisting of a hollow space inside the shell 1, which is the innermost of the four shells.
- This chamber A is closed at the top by a capping in which openings have been made for charging of the fuel 6 and lime 7.
- Two storage bins 38 and 39 in metal construction are provided for storage of small sized fuel and limestone.
- the fuel is drawn from the bin in prefixed quantities through star-valve controlled apron gates (40) which not only release the fuel in the required quantities but also prevent air from entering the first chamber A, thus providing a perfect seal.
- Limestone is drawn from the storage bin 39 by an electromagnetic measuring hopper 41, the discharge rate of which can be continuously remote controlled and adjusted to the feed rate of the fuel measuring hopper (40).
- the measured fuel and limestone are both dumped on a dust-tight vibratory feeder conveyor where the two products are batched before they are introduced together into the first chamber A.
- the capacity of the vibratory feeder conveyor 43 shall be greater than the total capacity of the two measuring hoppers 40 and 41.
- all measuring and feeding devices are interconnected by rubberized fabric sleeves 42, secured by metal clips. Furthermore, low-level probes 44 and 45 will be mounted inside the fuel and limestone storage bins which will stop discharging of these two products when the minimum level in either bin is reached.
- Fuel and limestone are discharged into the chamber A by variable delivery measuring hoppers which are efficiently sealed to prevent air from entering and gas from escaping.
- the covering structure (5) has also a central manhole shaped inspection door (17).
- This door is consisting of a metal anular frame to which a lightweight disc in asbestos cement or similar material is secured. In case of explosion, this disc will be shattered by the pressure wave which is thus released without damaging the furnace structure.
- the first chamber A will always be kept filled with fuel to which a suitable proportion of limestone will be added.
- the level probes 19, 19′ will control the measuring equipment so that the fuel level in chamber A will never drop below the minimum. This will permit to reduce the free volume in the chamber A while minimizing explosion hazard.
- the shell 1 is coaxially enclosed by the shell 2 which has of course a greater diameter.
- a hollow space is thus generated forming:
- This primary combustion air is supplied by the fan 8 by means of the volute 28 and the guide vanes 29.
- the air flow and pressure are regulated by the valve 9.
- This valve 9 is actuated by servo controls and driven by suitable analyzers of the gas developed during primary combustion.
- the shell 2 is externally attacked by the hot gas thus heating the primary combustion air flowing through the hollow space. This arrangement also prevents excessive heating of the wall 1 and will prevent clotting or caking of the feed mass enclosed in the first chamber A.
- the first and second chamber both lead into
- This chamber is delimited by the shell 3 in reinforced refractory construction and/or metal elements 30,32, internally cooled by water circulation 31.
- the lower end of the third chamber C is delimited by a rotary disc 11 driven by a variable speed gear motor 23.
- the third chamber (C) is kept filled with fuel batched with a measured quantity of CaCO3 coming from the chamber 1, located on top of chamber A.
- the air flow rate is regulated so as to provide approximately the stoichiometric quantity of oxygen required for combustion.
- the air entering the third chamber thus,gets in touch with the fuel, co-flowing from top to bottom through the fuel, causing its progressive ignition, rekindling and combustion.
- Three zones can be identified inside the precombustion chamber C, from top to bottom, corresponding to three progressive combustion stages:
- Residue ashes from R.D.F. combustion are mostly neutral or slightly acid due to the presence of kaolin in the paper charge, i.e. the main component of Refuse Derived Fuel. Therefore care should be taken not to reach temperature values at which the ashes scorify in the presence of CaO and to keep the ashes loose, so that they may be easily discharged when moving the rotary disc 11.
- combustion air must be reduced while limiting excess air to the strictly necessary stoichiometric quantity.
- This expedient will limit the gas volume and hence the speed at which the gas flows through the slots 13. This in turn, will limit the quantity of flying ashes that will be entrained in the afterburning chamber (D).
- the porous reactive CaO bed mentioned above is directly supported by the rotary disc 11. During its slow rotation which can be stepless adjusted to need, this disc will prevent the formation of preferential channels inside the combustion mass, thus keeping the mass loose and porous, in close contact with the CaO of the granulate concentrated in the porous reactive CaO bed . Total fuel depletion is thus achieved, while the ashes will be trapped in the interstices between the reactive CaO granulate, moving downwards with the rotating disc to be directly discharged into the quenching basin 12.
- the latter is delimited on the outside by the shell 4 and on the inside by the outer walls of the shell 3 and of the primary air preheater 2.
- the afterburning chamber is delimited by the edge of the rotary disc 11 and at its upper end by an anular flange fitted with several manholes closed by explosion doors 37.
- One or more sets of nozzles 15 are located in this afterburning chamber D which will supply turbulent air to complete gas combustion (fig.3).
- the secondary air for afterburning is supplied by an external medium-pressure pneumophore unit 33,34 which obviously is no part of this invention since it is already known.
- the very hot and completely dissociated waste gas leaves the fourth chamber D of the thermocombustor through one or more vacuum controlled ducts 16, connecting the fourth chamber D to the equipment apt to utilize the sensible heat of this exhaust gas (boilers, driers, heat exchangers etc.) .
- the now sufficiently cooled waste gas is released through a stack into the atmosphere by suction fans, ensuring a sufficient vacuum at the thermocombustor outlet.
- the ring-shaped ash quenching basin is housing the rotary disc 11 supporting and driving unit 23.
- This worm conveyor is slowly revolving and partially immersed in the quenching water, and will discharge the sludge into appropriate tanks for disposal.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Claims (8)
- Brûleur thermique à flamme inversée à deux étages, spécifiquement conçu pour brûler des Combustibles Provenant de Déchets obtenus à partir d'ordures urbaines solides, d'ordures industrielles combustibles de faible taille, de combustibles "duvetés" ou granulés ayant une teneur élevée en cendres et en soufre, etc. pour la neutralisation simultanée de produits de combustion acides sur un lit de CaO réactif poreux réalisé directement dans la chambre de combustion primaire, le brûleur thermique étant constitué de :a) quatre chambres (A, B, C, D) formées par quatre coques cylindriques coaxiales (1, 2, 3, 4) revêtues de préférence d'une matière réfractaire, à savoir :- une première chambre (A) enfermée dans la première coque (1), ladite première chambre faisant office de trémie de stockage alimentée de manière appropriée pour un mélange combustible/calcaire dosé ;- une seconde chambre (B) délimitée du côté extérieur par la seconde coque (2) et du côté intérieur par la surface externe de la première coque (1), ladite seconde chambre jouant le rôle de chambre de préchauffage pour l'air de combustion primaire fourni par un ventilateur (8) et envoyé au moyen des orifices de sortie (29) dans une zone (10) qui est formée d'un cône tronqué reliant la partie inférieure de ladite seconde coque (2) à la partie supérieure de ladite troisième coque (3) et reliant la première chambre (A) à- une troisième chambre (C) disposée au-dessous de la première chambre (A), délimitée circonférentiellement par ladite troisième coque (3), à sa partie supérieure par ladite zone (10) et à sa partie inférieure par un disque rotatif (11) d'évacuation de la cendre, ladite troisième chambre faisant office de chambre de combustion primaire tout en neutralisant les produits de combustion acides, des fentes (13) étant pratiquées à la partie inférieure de ladite troisième chambre (C) communiquant avec- une quatrième chambre (D) externe délimitée du côté extérieur par la quatrième coque (4), du côté intérieur par les parois externes de la seconde et de la troisième coques (2, et 3) et à son extrémité inférieure par ledit disque rotatif (11), ladite quatrième chambre comprenant des buses (15) pour l'injection d'air secondaire dans celle-ci, se comportant comme une chambre de combustion finale des gaz résiduaires épuisés à travers les fentes (13) de la troisième chambre (C), produisant ainsi un gaz chaud qui est envoyé aux utilisateurs par une ou plusieurs canalisations de sortie (16) ;b) un système d'alimentation et de dosage étanche à l'air envoyant une quantité mesurée de combustible et de calcaire dans la première chambre (A), constitué :- de trémies de combustible et de calcaire (38, 39),- de doseurs de combustible et de calcaire (40, 41),- d'un système d'alimentation (43) pour le mélange combustible/calcaire,- de manchons scellés (42) reliant les diverses installations,- de sondes de niveau (19, 19′) dans la première chambre (A) ;c) un système d'évacuation des cendres et des résidus solides, constitué dudit disque rotatif (11) muni de grattoirs (36) ;d) un système (12) de refroidissement de la cendre muni de deux jupes d'étanchéité hydrauliques annulaires (24, 25), dont l'une est fixée à la quatrième coque (4) et l'autre est appliquée sur le disque rotatif (11) ; ete) un extracteur à vis (21) pour l'épaississement et l'évacuation des cendres au moyen de racloirs (20) agissant sur le fond de la cuve (12).
- Brûleur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première chambre (A) a une vanne de sécurité (17) en forme de trou d'homme.
- Brûleur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la seconde chambre (B) est fermée au sommet par un ventilateur aspirant (28) en forme de volutes alimenté par le ventilateur à air primaire (8), le courant d'air étant régulé par la soupape (9).
- Brûleur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la troisième chambre (C) est en matière réfractaire renforcée et/ou en métal (31) refroidie par une circulation d'eau interne et supportée par des supports métalliques (32) soutenant également les brûleurs (27) pour le démarrage de la combustion.
- Brûleur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fentes (13) à travers lesquelles le gaz est évacué de la troisième chambre (C) ont des extrémités arrondies et sont évasées vers l'intérieur pour maintenir le combustible et le calcaire dans la chambre (C).
- Brûleur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la quatrième chambre (D) présente au niveau de l'orifice d'entrée des gaz (13) une zone annulaire (14) dimensionnée plus largement pour faciliter l'élimination des cendres volantes qui tombent et se déposent sur le disque rotatif (11), duquel elles sont évacuées par des grattoirs ajustables (36) dans la cuve de refroidissement (12).
- Brûleur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la quatrième chambre de combustion, chambre de combustion finale, reçoit de l'air secondaire pressurisé et préchauffé de manière appropriée par des buses réglables (15) disposées tangentiellement à la circonférence médiane (t) de ladite chambre (D) provenant d'une conduite circulaire (33) de manière à produire un écoulement tourbillonnaire et un mélange intime air/gaz.
- Procédé pour faire fonctionner un brûleur thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par les phases suivantes :- introduction à l'abri de l'air du combustible et du calcaire dosé et mélangé dans la première chambre (A) ;- écoulement progressif de la matière de la première chambre (A) vers la troisième chambre de précombustion et de neutralisation (C) ;- chauffage de l'air de combustion primaire dans la seconde chambre (B) avec utilisation de gaz d'échappement et alimentation de la troisième chambre (C) dans laquelle la gazéification et la combustion inverse s'effectuent à une température non supérieure à 550°C-750°C avec dissociation du calcaire et neutralisation des produits de combustion acides ;- écoulement de gaz de la troisième chambre (C) vers la quatrième chambre de combustion (D), chambre finale, dans laquelle le gaz est mélangé avec de l'air préchauffé et sous un débit contrôlé dans l'intervalle de température compris entre 1000 et 1050°C de manière à assurer la dissociation de la dioxine éventuellement présente ;- les gaz de combustion chauds sont alors envoyés par des tuyauteries aux utilisateurs et, après un autre refroidissement, ils sont alors évacués dans l'atmosphère.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT89113575T ATE83304T1 (de) | 1988-08-30 | 1989-07-24 | Stufenverbrennungsvorrichtung mit abwaerts gerichtetem zuge fuer alternative brennstoffe. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT8865205A IT1225746B (it) | 1988-08-30 | 1988-08-30 | Termocombustore a fiamma inversa atto alla combustione in due fasi di combustibili alternativi, r.d.f., di scarti minuti industriali, di prodotti combustibili ed elevato contenuto di inquinanti, di prodotti combustibili solidi ancorche' tossici o nocivi ed alla neutralizzazione dei prodotti acidi della combustione |
| IT6520588 | 1988-08-30 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0356697A2 EP0356697A2 (fr) | 1990-03-07 |
| EP0356697A3 EP0356697A3 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
| EP0356697B1 true EP0356697B1 (fr) | 1992-12-09 |
Family
ID=11297666
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89113575A Expired - Lifetime EP0356697B1 (fr) | 1988-08-30 | 1989-07-24 | Dispositif de combustion étagée à tirage renversé pour des combustibles alternatifs |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0356697B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE83304T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE68903809T2 (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1225746B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT407082B (de) * | 1999-02-23 | 2000-12-27 | List Guenther | Feuerungsvorrichtung für biomasse, insbesondere holzpellets |
| CN113669904A (zh) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-19 | 郑州市格沃环保开发有限公司 | 满足污泥低热值气燃烧的燃烧装置 |
| CN114456843B (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-01-31 | 江苏兴立环保设备有限公司 | 裂解气化炉的侧面出灰装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB468813A (en) * | 1936-07-14 | 1937-07-13 | George Schwabach | Conveyor devices for ashes, cinders and the like |
| BE756970A (fr) * | 1969-10-02 | 1971-03-16 | Atomenergi Ab | Perfectionnements aux incinerateurs notamment d'ordures |
| FR2284828A1 (fr) * | 1974-09-11 | 1976-04-09 | Quenon Jean | Procede de combustion propre et continue du bois de chauffage a haut rendement calorifique |
| GB1561938A (en) * | 1976-11-02 | 1980-03-05 | Riken Piston Ring Ind Co Ltd | Incinerators |
| DE2734973C2 (de) * | 1977-08-03 | 1982-12-16 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Verfahren und Verbrennungsofen zum Verbrennen von Abfällen |
| DE2735139C2 (de) * | 1977-08-04 | 1982-05-06 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Verbrennungsofen für Abfälle |
| DE2918580A1 (de) * | 1979-05-09 | 1980-11-20 | Pauli Gmbh Waermetechnik | Verfahren zur mehrstoffverbrennung und stufenschwenkrostanordnung zu seiner durchfuehrung |
| AT401420B (de) * | 1983-10-17 | 1996-09-25 | Berthiller Franz | Einrichtung zur verfeuerung von biomasse |
-
1988
- 1988-08-30 IT IT8865205A patent/IT1225746B/it active
-
1989
- 1989-07-24 DE DE8989113575T patent/DE68903809T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-07-24 AT AT89113575T patent/ATE83304T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-07-24 EP EP89113575A patent/EP0356697B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE83304T1 (de) | 1992-12-15 |
| DE68903809D1 (de) | 1993-01-21 |
| EP0356697A2 (fr) | 1990-03-07 |
| DE68903809T2 (de) | 1993-04-15 |
| EP0356697A3 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
| IT1225746B (it) | 1990-11-26 |
| IT8865205A0 (it) | 1988-08-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4028068A (en) | Process and apparatus for the production of combustible gas | |
| US4583468A (en) | Method and apparatus for combustion of diverse materials and heat utilization | |
| US3818846A (en) | Method and apparatus for liquid disposal in a fluid bed reactor | |
| US4628834A (en) | Vibratory fluidized bed reactor | |
| US5851246A (en) | Apparatus for gasifying organic materials | |
| US4142867A (en) | Apparatus for the production of combustible gas | |
| KR100823747B1 (ko) | 고체연료의 연소방법 및 장치 | |
| JPS5860113A (ja) | 廃棄物の溶融処理方法 | |
| GB2052032A (en) | Method and apparatus for generation of hot gas by incineration of combustible material | |
| CN102322630A (zh) | 大分子物质高效清洁燃用方法及装置 | |
| JPH0673384A (ja) | 有機物質をガス化するための方法および装置 | |
| US4724777A (en) | Apparatus for combustion of diverse materials and heat utilization | |
| RU2663312C1 (ru) | Устройство для термической утилизации углеводородсодержащих отходов, оснащенное вихревой камерой сгорания с внутренним пиролизным реактором, и способ его работы | |
| US3862887A (en) | Method for processing heat-decomposable non-gaseous materials | |
| CA1172911A (fr) | Methode et dispositif d'incineration des dechets | |
| RU2359011C1 (ru) | Способ конверсии твердого топлива и установка для его осуществления (варианты) | |
| US4244305A (en) | Fluidized bed incinerator | |
| EP0356697B1 (fr) | Dispositif de combustion étagée à tirage renversé pour des combustibles alternatifs | |
| US3716002A (en) | Solid waste disposal method and apparatus | |
| US3827379A (en) | Rotary kiln type solid waste incinerating system and method | |
| US4336131A (en) | Gasification furnace with discharge hopper | |
| CS198243B2 (en) | Method of and apparatus for combusting wet waste fuel,especially of vegetal origin | |
| US5094177A (en) | Concurrent-flow multiple hearth furnace for the incineration of sewage sludge filter-cake | |
| US3568612A (en) | Combustion chamber | |
| EP0126619B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif de combustion des matériaux |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR LI LU NL SE |
|
| PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR LI LU NL SE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900924 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19911210 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR LI LU NL SE |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19921209 Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19921209 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19921209 Ref country code: ES Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19921209 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19921209 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19921209 |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 83304 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19921215 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 68903809 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19930121 |
|
| NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19930724 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19930727 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19930731 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19930804 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19930923 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930724 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19940731 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19940731 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19950331 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19950401 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |