EP0358587B1 - Einrichtung zum Nachweis eines Drucks auf die Oberfläche von kohlenstoffgeladenem Gummi - Google Patents

Einrichtung zum Nachweis eines Drucks auf die Oberfläche von kohlenstoffgeladenem Gummi Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0358587B1
EP0358587B1 EP19890470015 EP89470015A EP0358587B1 EP 0358587 B1 EP0358587 B1 EP 0358587B1 EP 19890470015 EP19890470015 EP 19890470015 EP 89470015 A EP89470015 A EP 89470015A EP 0358587 B1 EP0358587 B1 EP 0358587B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rubber
conductors
air
layer
resistance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890470015
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0358587A1 (de
Inventor
Franck Ligier
Claude Maeder
Marc Nicolle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electronique Controle Mesure
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Electronique Controle Mesure
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Publication date
Application filed by Electronique Controle Mesure filed Critical Electronique Controle Mesure
Publication of EP0358587A1 publication Critical patent/EP0358587A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0358587B1 publication Critical patent/EP0358587B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/02—Mechanical actuation
    • G08B13/10—Mechanical actuation by pressure on floors, floor coverings, stair treads, counters, or tills
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/029—Composite material comprising conducting material dispersed in an elastic support or binding material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/14—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot
    • H01H3/141—Cushion or mat switches
    • H01H3/142—Cushion or mat switches of the elongated strip type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical support or passage detection device, its production methods and its applications to the detection of passage and the presence of vehicles and pedestrians, and to the production of "remote control switches" sensitive to the pressure.
  • This device consists in part of flat conductive tapes and carbon-laden rubber with low linear electrical resistance.
  • Devices comprising two deformable metal blades glued or held by any means to two opposite faces of a rubber element. These two metallic elements constitute a mechanical switch; when one of the two rubber supports is pressed, it deforms and the metal blades come into contact.
  • the subject of the present invention is the production of detection devices using the surface resistance of carbon-laden rubber, of greater or lesser hardness between 50 and 100 on the D.I.D.C. (50 and 100 ShoresA), associated with the mechanical properties of rubbers. It relates to a device for detecting axles or wheels of vehicles on a roadway of the type comprising on the same side of the device two fixed long conductors, placed opposite a deformable conductive rubber element also of great length.
  • the assembly may have the shape of a very long profile which can be extruded.
  • the profile can be rectangular or trapezoidal to be mechanically fixed to the ground.
  • the present invention also relates to the production of "remote control switches" of great sealing characterized in that they comprise a block of conductive rubber coming into contact under the force of a finger with conductors placed for example on a printed circuit.
  • the present invention also relates to the production of carpets sensitive to the passage or stay of an object or a pedestrian, characterized in that a flat conductive rubber element is deformed through an insulating plate to come into contact. with one or more conductors, the other face of the rubber plate being, as the case may be, electrically insulated or in contact with a second conductor.
  • the resistance between the conductors 31 and 32, or 32 and 33 is infinite.
  • a low effort and which depends on the mechanical rigidity of the system formed by (4) and (5) will allow the mechanical contact of the rubber (5) with the conductors 31, 32, 33; then the resistance measured between these conductors will be several hundred thousand Ohms.
  • the electrical resistance measured between the conductors 31, 32, or 32 and 33 drops very quickly to become less than a few thousand Ohms.
  • a very simple electronic detection circuit can be produced in which the resistance of the system (8) is compared to that of a potentiometer (9) by a comparator (10). The response (12) from this comparator (10) will be instantaneous. A timer system can be added; then the signal at 13 will only appear after (12) has been held for a time longer than the time delay defined by (11).
  • the present invention applies to the measurement of the passage of vehicles on a roadway using a piece of great length and narrow width, deformable in carbon-laden rubber which comes into contact with two conductors and the resistance of which is measured. using a more or less sophisticated electronic circuit, the two elements being connected by a two-conductor cable not shown.
  • a piece of conductive rubber (14) of hardness greater than or equal to 50 ShoresA, of small cross section and of great length comprises a cavity (19) in which the two conductors are placed ( 16 and 17) on an electrical insulator (18).
  • the two conductors (16 and 17) can be flat or curved. They can be laminated and glued on an insulating support.
  • the entire insulating support (18) and of the two conductors (16 and 17) can also be in the form of a flexible or "flex-rigid" printed circuit.
  • the assembly formed by the two conductors and their insulating support adheres to the lower surface of the profile (14) by any known means, such as cold glue, hot glue, double-sided adhesive, chemical adhesion of rubber ...
  • the profile (14) is installed in a mechanical system (15) which is itself sealed in the roadway (20).
  • the dynamic and static properties of such a system can be adjusted by varying either the hardness of the rubber between 50 and 100 Shores A, used to produce the profile (14), or the shape of the cavity (19). or the distance at rest (22) between the upper face of the cavity (19) and the upper face of the conductors (16 and 17).
  • Such a detection system can have other applications, such as door closing detection, for example in railway or metropolitan cars, or for motorized gate doors.
  • This system is described in Figure 4 where a sensitive element (23) of the type described in Figure 3 is placed on the side of a sliding door (24). Any object (26) will be easily detected when the door (24) is closed in the direction (25) so as to avoid any accident.
  • the device according to FIGS. 5a, b, c and d is produced by molding or molding and gluing of one or two rubber blocks (27) in which is placed a flexible or non-flexible printed circuit (28) on which there are two conductors (29 and 30) arranged for example in a spiral.
  • the device can be produced by placing the conductors on each side of the carbon-laden rubber as shown Figures 6a, b and c, where the carbon-loaded rubber plate (34) is in contact on one side with a conductive plate (36) secured to a rigid support (32) and on the other with a sheet of insulating material pierced with holes.
  • Another conductive plate (33) integral with another rigid support (32) is placed on the insulating plate. At rest, the resistance between the two conducting planes (33 and 36) is infinite; if a compression force is applied, the rubber deforms through the holes in the plate (35) to come into contact with the upper conductive plane (33), the electronic system described in FIG. 2 will detect this contact.
  • the carbon-loaded rubber plate (34) is in contact on one side with a conductive plate (36) secured to a rigid support (32) and on the other with a sheet of insulating material pierced with holes.
  • Another conductive plate (33) integral with another rigid support (32) is placed on the insulating plate.
  • the two conductors (33) and (36) can be placed on one side of the conductive rubber (34) by isolating them from the latter by the plate (35).
  • the rubber deforms through the holes to come into mechanical contact with the two conductors (33) and (36) so as to allow detection.
  • Such plates can be used for the detection and localization of heavy objects, pedestrians when approaching a road crossing, people near areas where robots or automatic machines move.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Erfassung des Drucks auf eine Fläche unter Verwendung eines Resistiv-Gummielements (dessen Widerstand abnimmt, wenn es zusammengedrückt wird), welches von den Leitern durch eine Luftschicht isoliert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Resistiv-Gummielement (5) gegenüber von zwei metallischen elektrischen Leitern (3. 16. 17...) angeordnet ist, welche gleichmäßig auf der Meßfläche verteilt sind und vom Gummi durch eine verformbare Luftschicht (19) isoliert sind, wobei im Ruhezustand der Widerstand zwischen den beiden Leitern unendlich groß ist und bei Auftreten einer mechanischen Kraft an einem beliebigen Punkt der Oberfläche ein sogenannter Kontaktwiderstand auftritt, welcher anschließend mit Zunahme der einwirkenden Kraft abnimmt, wobei der Widerstand nach Verschwinden der mechanischen Kraft F durch die Federwirkung des Gummis sofort wieder unendlich groß wird.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leiter (16-17) entweder auf derselben Seite des Resistivgummis (14) oder auf den beiden entgegengesetzten Seiten des Resistiv-Gummielements (34) angeordnet sind.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftschicht (19), welche im Ruhezustand die Leiter (16 - 17) vom Resistivgummi (14) isoliert, durch die Formung des Gummis erhalten wird.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftschicht (19), welche im Ruhezustand die Leiter (16 - 17) vom Resistivgummi (14) isoliert, durch Zwischenlage eines mit Aussparungen versehenen elektrisch isolierenden Elements (35) zwischen dem Resistivgummi (3) und einem oder beiden Leitern (33 - 36) erhalten wird.
  5. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftschicht durch Aussparungen in einer Isolierfolie oder durch einen im Streich- oder Siebdruck- oder einem beliebigen sonstigen bekannten Verfahren aufgebrachten Isolierlack erhalten wird.
  6. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem verformbaren kohlenstoffhaltigen Gummi-Hohlprofil großer Länge und geringen Querschnitts (14) besteht, und daß dieses Profil auf einer Seite des Hohlraums zwei längs angeordnete Leiter (16 und 17) aufweist, die vom Gummi isoliert (18) sind und der anderen Gummi-Hohlraumseite gegenüberliegen, wobei die Leiter von der anderen Hohlraumseite durch eine Luftschicht isoliert sind.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Profil (14) direkt oder mittels eines Metaliteils (15) in einer Fahrbahn (20) senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung der Fahrzeuge angebracht ist, um die Durchfahrt oder die Anwesenheit von Fahrzeugachsen zu erfassen.
  8. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das durch den Isolator (18) und die Leiter (16 - 17) gebildete Paar aus einer flexiblen oder starren gedruckten Schaltung besteht.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie durch ihre geringen Abmessungen einem Druckknopf vergleichbar ist; hierbei wird der Widerstandsabfall durch die Verformung eines Hohlraums in einem kohlenstoffhaltigen Gummielement (27) hervorgerufen, dessen eine Seite in mechanischen Kontakt mit zwei Leitern (29 und 30) gelangt, welche auf einer Isolierunterlage auf der der Krafteinwirkungsfläche gegenüberliegenden Seite angeordnet sind.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere getrennte Elemente nebeneinander angeordnet werden können, um die Lokalisierung eines Gegenstandes oder eines Menschen zu ermöglichen.
EP19890470015 1988-07-27 1989-07-25 Einrichtung zum Nachweis eines Drucks auf die Oberfläche von kohlenstoffgeladenem Gummi Expired - Lifetime EP0358587B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8810349A FR2634926B1 (fr) 1988-07-27 1988-07-27 Dispositif de detection d'appui sur une surface, par caoutchouc charge de carbone
FR8810349 1988-07-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0358587A1 EP0358587A1 (de) 1990-03-14
EP0358587B1 true EP0358587B1 (de) 1993-12-29

Family

ID=9368980

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890470015 Expired - Lifetime EP0358587B1 (de) 1988-07-27 1989-07-25 Einrichtung zum Nachweis eines Drucks auf die Oberfläche von kohlenstoffgeladenem Gummi

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0358587B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68911802D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2634926B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0582733A1 (de) * 1992-08-11 1994-02-16 LEDA Logarithmic Electrical Devices for Automation S.r.l. Vorrichtung zur Überwachung der Öffnungs- oder Schliessstellung eines Fensters oder einer Tür, zum Beispiel eines Gebäudes oder eines Fahrzeuges
NL9300456A (nl) * 1993-03-15 1994-10-03 Marmat Fa Alarmsysteem voor een bed, stoel of dergelijke en een sensor daarvoor.
CH691151A5 (fr) * 1994-06-09 2001-04-30 Edouard Menoud Dispositif de surveillance et d'alerte de la présence de corps en danger dans une piscine.
FR2791173B1 (fr) 1999-03-19 2001-06-29 Electronique Controle Mesure Dispositif de detection d'appui et de passage de roue de vehicule sur une chaussee utilisant un caoutchouc conducteur et son procede de pose
CN101984471A (zh) * 2010-11-22 2011-03-09 武汉理工大学 基于弥散碳纤维材料的智能防盗地垫及其应用
FR2978974B1 (fr) 2011-08-12 2013-08-02 Claude Desgorces Revetement de sol
GB2511356B (en) * 2013-03-01 2016-02-17 Isensol Ltd Pressure mat

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB342157A (de) * 1929-11-27 1931-01-29 Leopold Rado
DE530544C (de) * 1930-05-06 1931-07-30 Sternberg Traffic Automaten Co In der Strassenfahrbahn angeordneter Schalter fuer Verkehrsregler
FR2201512A1 (de) * 1972-10-02 1974-04-26 Acome
US3991415A (en) * 1975-10-02 1976-11-09 Baar Sr Haward A Alarm and light system
FR2415844A1 (fr) * 1978-01-30 1979-08-24 Segall Jacques Tapis ou tapisserie generateurs de signal
DE3674086D1 (de) * 1985-07-03 1990-10-18 Mitsuboshi Belting Ltd Druckempfindlicher leitfaehiger gummiwerkstoff.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68911802D1 (de) 1994-02-10
FR2634926B1 (fr) 1994-03-25
FR2634926A1 (fr) 1990-02-02
EP0358587A1 (de) 1990-03-14

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