EP0358723A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines piezoelektrischen Tintendruckkopfs. - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines piezoelektrischen Tintendruckkopfs.Info
- Publication number
- EP0358723A1 EP0358723A1 EP88905711A EP88905711A EP0358723A1 EP 0358723 A1 EP0358723 A1 EP 0358723A1 EP 88905711 A EP88905711 A EP 88905711A EP 88905711 A EP88905711 A EP 88905711A EP 0358723 A1 EP0358723 A1 EP 0358723A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piezoceramic
- strip
- electrode
- channels
- print head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMRMTSSYYVAROU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni].[Au] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni].[Au] PMRMTSSYYVAROU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/1632—Manufacturing processes machining
- B41J2/1634—Manufacturing processes machining laser machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1607—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/1609—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/164—Manufacturing processes thin film formation
- B41J2/1646—Manufacturing processes thin film formation thin film formation by sputtering
Definitions
- the invention relates to a piezoelectric ink print head with a nozzle front with at least one nozzle, at least one ink-guiding channel which opens into the nozzle and at least one piezoelectric drive element which acts on the ink in a channel in such a way that it is more piezoelectric Constriction causes a drop of ink to be ejected and a process for its production.
- An ink print head with ink-carrying channels, on which piezoelectric drive elements act is known from German Patent 2,543,451.
- a section of the channels is cylindrically surrounded by a piezoelectric drive element.
- the length of the sections of the ink channels which are not encompassed by the drive elements and are located between the outlet openings of the ink channels and the drive elements is dimensioned such that the ink channels with the piezoelectric drive elements can be arranged in a radiation-free, curvilinear manner from the impression point.
- This ink print head therefore has significantly larger dimensions in the area of the piezoelectric drive elements than it corresponds to the print screen.
- This ink printhead is therefore less suitable for a modular construction of a writing device with several ink printheads. A complete print line can only be realized if the ink print head is moved in the line direction. However, this limits the printing speed and the resolution.
- the object of the invention is to provide a piezoelectric inkjet print head which has very small dimensions and delivers printing dots with a very high printing dot density, and to specify a method for its production.
- the object is achieved in the case of a piezoelectric ink print head of the type mentioned at the outset by the following characteristic features a) the drive element has a) a piezoceramic part in which a channel is created, a2) a first electrode which is attached to the piezoceramic part a3) a second electrode, which is arranged insulated from the first electrode on the piezoceramic part, b> the nozzle front is connected directly to the piezoceramic parts.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment with a plurality of drive elements is characterized in that a) the channels run parallel to one another, b) the drive elements can be controlled individually, c) the drive elements have a common first electrode, d) the piezo-ceramic parts at least along the length the electrically contacted areas are separated from one another and e) each channel opens into a nozzle.
- the method according to the invention for producing a piezoelectric lead printing head is characterized in that a) a piezoceramic strip with at least one channel contained therein is produced, b) the first electrode is applied to the piezoceramic strip, c) the second electrodes on the surface of the piezoceramic strip opposite the first electrode are applied, so that they lie in the middle above the channels, run parallel to them and do not touch each other, d) the drive elements by dividing the piezoceramic strip between the second electrodes at least along the length of the electrically contacted areas are separated from one another, e) the piezoceramic parts are polarized and f) the nozzle front connected to the channels is produced on the front of the piezoceramic strip.
- German patent application P 36 19 871.4 describes a method for producing piezoceramic material with a predeterminable acoustic impedance which has internal cavities.
- the cavities are produced photolithographically, with an intermediate stage in the process being the production of a stack from piezoceramic raw foils.
- This method can advantageously be used to generate channel-shaped cavities in piezoceramic film strips, which serve as ink channels.
- German patent application P 37 18 323 describes a method with which the processing of ceramic materials is possible without the creation of layers of damage.
- Laser radiation with an (air) wavelength less than about 350 n is used, the exposure to laser radiation is carried out only in pulses, and the pulse duration, the pulse repetition rate and the pulse energy are dimensioned in such a way that a substantial build-up of heat is avoided in the processed material .
- the use of an excimer laser is advantageous.
- This laser process can be used in the process for producing the piezoelectric ink print head for producing the nozzles, the trenches and for dividing the piezoceramic strips, with no disruptive damage layers being formed at the edges of the processed areas.
- the yield in the production and the functional accuracy of the piezoelectric ink print heads can thus be increased.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a section through a piezoelectric ink print head.
- Fig. 2 schematically shows the ink print head in plan view.
- 3 schematically shows the course of the manufacture of the piezoelectric ink print head on the basis of successive method steps with the reference numerals 301 to 304, 301a, 301b, ' 304a, 305a and 304b to 307b.
- the reference numerals of which are provided with a or b the piezoelectric ink print head is shown in a top view.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a device which can be used for the production of piezoceramic foil strips with channel-shaped cavities.
- FIG. 5 shows a film which can be used to produce piezo-ceramic strips with channel-shaped cavities.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1:
- Each drive element 1 consists of a piezoceramic part 2, a second electrode 4 and a part of a common first electrode 3. Electrical connection strips are located on the second electrodes 4 8.
- the Piezokera ikmaschine 2 have channels 5 with a rectangular cross-section.
- the carrier layer 6 can consist of plastic or metal.
- the piezoelectric ink print head can be encapsulated with plastic 7 on the side of the drive elements 1.
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1
- the nozzle front 21 with nozzles 22 is located on the end face of the piezoelectric ink print head.
- the nozzle front 21 is connected directly to the piezoceramic parts 2 and each channel 5 opens into a nozzle 22.
- the piezoceramic parts 2 Do not move along the length of the electrically contacted areas.
- the nozzle front 21 can consist of metal or piezo ceramic.
- the nozzles 22 are important for droplet formation when operating the piezoelectric ink print head.
- the electrical connecting strip line 9 is arranged on the side of the piezoelectric ink print head opposite the nozzle front 21, the electrical connecting strip line 8 making electrical contact with the second electrodes 4.
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 3
- Method step 301 Several parallel, bar-shaped profiles 43 are applied to an approximately 80 to 150 mm thick strip of a piezoceramic raw foil 41 with a carrier foil 42, from which the ink channels 5 are formed in the further course of the method.
- the profiles can be applied using the screen printing process.
- Profiles 43 which have the shape of the desired ink channels 5, are printed on from a paste of organic binder with a proportion of carbon.
- a further possibility for producing the profiles 43 (not shown in the figure) is to provide the piezo ceramic film 41 with a plastic layer and to structure it using the known photoetching techniques.
- ink channels with a rectangular, elliptical or elongated cross-section is particularly advantageous for the manufacturing process, since inaccuracies in the dimensions during the sintering caused by material shrinkage in the manufacture of the nozzle front 21 by adjusting the nozzles 22 can be compensated.
- the profiles 43 are not applied continuously to the piezoceramic tube film strip 41.
- the non-structured part of the piezoceramic raw film strip 41 will later be used to produce the nozzle front 21.
- the profiles 43 are applied continuously to the piezoceramic raw film strip 41. Continuous channels 5 then result from this in the further production process.
- a layer of piezoceramic raw material 45 is applied to the piezoceramic tube film strip 41 in such a way that the profiles 43 are covered and the space between the profiles 43 is filled.
- the piezoceramic raw material 45 can be applied using the casting and drawing processes which are usually used for the production of piezoceramic raw film.
- ikrohfolienstMail applying a further PiezokeramikrohfolienstMails and subsequently compressing the Piezokera, for example in a single pass through a heated calendering.
- the coating of the profiles 43 with piezoceramic raw material 45 by casting and drawing processes is preferable if the distances of the channels 5 from one another are to be produced with very slight deviations.
- the coating of the piezoceramic raw film strip 41 with a further piezoceramic raw film strip using a calendering process enables a narrower tolerance of the thickness, so that deviations in the thickness of less than 10% are possible for the finished ink print head. All Piezokera ikrohfolien and Piezokeramikroh assen used are selected so that they achieve a defined high final density, for example 99% after sintering.
- the entire structure of piezoceramic strips with inner profiles 43 and carrier foil 42 is sintered and a piezoceramic strip 46 with channels 5 is formed.
- the common first electrode 3 is applied to one side of the piezoceramic strip 46 by sputtering on a metal layer. On the common electrode 3 On the opposite side of the piezoceramic strip 46, a metallic sputter layer 47 is applied, from which the second electrodes 4 are later produced.
- a support layer 6 is applied to the common first electrode 3, 'for example, by gluing a plastic film.
- the piezoceramic parts 2 are separated from one another by laser etching such that they are separated from one another at least along the length of the electrically contacted regions, wedge-shaped furrows 48 being cut out of the sintered piezoceramic 46.
- the second electrodes 4 also result from the sputter layer 47. With precise focusing and positioning of the laser beam, the piezoceramic parts 2 can be separated from one another practically continuously in one operation up to the first electrode 3. Further possibilities for separating the piezo ceramic parts 2 result if wedge-shaped parting lines 48 are cut out of the sintered piezoceramic 46 by laser etching and do not reach the common first electrode 3.
- the wedge-shaped parting lines 48 are cast with plastic 7 and the ceramic connection points 44 are torn by defined bending of the sintered piezoceramic parts 2. This can take place when a carrier layer 6 is glued on, both parts being pressed into a device (not shown in the figure) which has a slightly concave shape.
- the breaking apart of the ceramic connection points 44 results in the finest gaps between the piezoceramic parts 2.
- the separation of the individual piezoceramic parts 2 from one another prevents crosstalk between the individual drive elements 1.
- the polarization of the piezoceramic parts 2 must be carried out in such a way that the mechanical stresses that occur are as low and elastic as possible.
- the polarization field strength should be as large as possible within the piezoceramic parts 2 and for all piezoceramic parts 2.
- the channels 5 are therefore polarized with a weakly conductive liquid, e.g. Ink, filled and between the second electrodes 4 and the common first electrode 3, an electric field with a field strength customary for the piezoceramic is applied.
- the polarization is carried out at elevated temperature (100-150 ° C).
- Another method for separating the piezoceramic parts 2 offers the introduction of wedge-shaped elongated profiles (not shown in the figure) at the same time as the application of the profiles 43.
- the wedge-shaped furrows 48 then arise during sintering by burning out the profiles.
- the second electrodes 4 lie centrally over the channels 5 and run parallel to these.
- the nozzles 22 are produced by laser etching.
- the ink print head is finely sanded and polished on the front.
- the nozzles 22 are produced by laser etching so that they meet the channels 5 and have the same distances from one another.
- the second electrodes 4 lie centrally over the channels 5 and run parallel to these.
- a further metallic sputter layer 49 is applied to the front of the piezoceramic strip 46.
- the metallic nozzle front 21 is applied galvanically to the sputter layer 49.
- the nozzle front 21 can e.g. are made of nickel.
- the nozzles 22 are produced by laser etching in such a way that they meet the channels 5 in the middle and are at equal distances from one another.
- Electrode material Compounds with chrome-platinum-gold and titanium-nickel-gold are particularly suitable as electrode material. Nickel is particularly suitable for the electrodeposited layers.
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 4
- the device contains a base body 51, in which a depression 54 is produced. On the outer edges of the base body 51 there are regularly arranged grooves 52 for receiving plastic threads 53. The grooves 52 are arranged such that the plastic threads 53 lie parallel next to one another over the depression 54 when the base body 53 is wrapped. In a casting process, the device can be used to produce a piezo-ceramic strip which, after sintering, has channel-shaped cavities.
- the plastic threads 53 are also known to be surrounded with ceramic material in a pressing process. Since very thin piezoceramic strips are difficult to produce by pressing, it is recommended it is possible to produce thicker piezoceramic strips and grind them to the desired thickness after sintering.
- the piezoceramic strips produced using this method have continuous channels.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 5
- a film made of burnable material 61 can be used, which has strip-shaped openings 62.
- the strip-shaped openings 62 are arranged parallel to one another.
- the burn-out film 61 is surrounded with piezoceramic raw material by a casting or pressing process. During sintering, the burn-out film 61 burns and a piezoceramic strip with continuous channel-shaped cavities is created. In this method, too, it is advisable to design piezoceramic strips 46 produced by a pressing process somewhat thicker and to grind them to the desired thickness after sintering.
- the pressure dot density that can be achieved with the ink print head described is at least approximately 12 dots per mm.
- the ink print head is suitable for the highest printing speeds.
- the method allows the production of an ink print head of the highest resolution, so to speak in one piece, without complex mechanical processing and connection processes, e.g. Welding, are necessary. Since the height of this ink print head is very small, including a possible plastic coating smaller than 0.2 mm, several ink print heads can be easily stacked and installed together in one housing.
- the housing can serve as an ink chamber.
- Ink print heads for an entire print line can also be constructed in this way.
- a connection technique for the assembly of individual ink printheads is gluing.
- ink printheads with widths of a few 10 mm to manufacture. Since even assembled ink printheads still have a very low overall height, further stacking of such ink printheads is possible for multi-color printing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3725500A DE3725500A1 (de) | 1987-07-31 | 1987-07-31 | Piezoelektrischer tintendruckkopf und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| DE3725500 | 1987-07-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0358723A1 true EP0358723A1 (de) | 1990-03-21 |
| EP0358723B1 EP0358723B1 (de) | 1992-01-02 |
Family
ID=6332844
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88905711A Expired - Lifetime EP0358723B1 (de) | 1987-07-31 | 1988-07-18 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines piezoelektrischen Tintendruckkopfs |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0358723B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE3725500A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1989000920A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0596739A (ja) * | 1991-10-09 | 1993-04-20 | Rohm Co Ltd | インクジエツトプリントヘツドの製造方法 |
| DE59509149D1 (de) * | 1994-08-03 | 2001-05-10 | Francotyp Postalia Gmbh | Anordnung für plattenförmige Piezoaktoren und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| JP2924664B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-28 | 1999-07-26 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 微細セラミックス構造体の形成方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1204024A (fr) * | 1957-10-03 | 1960-01-22 | United Insulator Company Ltd | Perfectionnements aux transducteurs électromécaniques |
| NL8102227A (nl) * | 1981-05-07 | 1982-12-01 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van straalpijpkanalen en inktstraaldrukker met een volgens die werkwijze vervaardigd straalpijpkanaal. |
| DE3645017C2 (de) * | 1985-09-06 | 1990-07-12 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Jp |
-
1987
- 1987-07-31 DE DE3725500A patent/DE3725500A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-07-18 EP EP88905711A patent/EP0358723B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-18 WO PCT/DE1988/000444 patent/WO1989000920A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1988-07-18 DE DE8888905711T patent/DE3867476D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8900920A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3867476D1 (de) | 1992-02-13 |
| DE3725500A1 (de) | 1989-02-09 |
| EP0358723B1 (de) | 1992-01-02 |
| WO1989000920A1 (fr) | 1989-02-09 |
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