EP0358723B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une tête piezoélectrique d'impression à l'encre - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication d'une tête piezoélectrique d'impression à l'encre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0358723B1 EP0358723B1 EP88905711A EP88905711A EP0358723B1 EP 0358723 B1 EP0358723 B1 EP 0358723B1 EP 88905711 A EP88905711 A EP 88905711A EP 88905711 A EP88905711 A EP 88905711A EP 0358723 B1 EP0358723 B1 EP 0358723B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piezoceramic
- strip
- process according
- ink
- another
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMRMTSSYYVAROU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni].[Au] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni].[Au] PMRMTSSYYVAROU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/1632—Manufacturing processes machining
- B41J2/1634—Manufacturing processes machining laser machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1607—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/1609—Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/164—Manufacturing processes thin film formation
- B41J2/1646—Manufacturing processes thin film formation thin film formation by sputtering
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods for producing a piezoelectric ink print head, as specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- FIG. 2 of this document shows an ink print head composed of two parts, of which one part consists of piezoelectric ceramic and the second part is a cover made of any material.
- the surface of the piezoelectric part has grooves which are introduced into the material and which, in the assembled state, are covered by the cover and form individual cavities for the ink channels.
- the nozzles used for ink ejection are also incorporated in the piezoelectric material.
- the bottom of each gutter is provided with a strip-shaped electrode.
- a second corresponding strip-shaped electrode is arranged opposite each of these first electrodes on the underside of the piezoelectric component. With the aid of the first and the second electrode, an electric field can be generated between the respective electrodes in the piezoelectric material.
- the ink channel is outside, next to this piezoelectric area.
- the ink print head as shown in FIG. 2 is to be assembled from two parts, both of which must be reliably mounted in a sealed manner to one another in such a way that no leakage of ink can pass from one channel into an adjacent channel.
- This seal must be ensured for a dimensioning in which the center distance of adjacent ink channels is a few tenths of a millimeter. That means that only a few tenths of a millimeter thick bars must be sealed against the lid.
- Piezo ceramic is used as the inexpensive, available material as the piezoelectric material for such ink print heads.
- the object of the present invention is to implement such measures for the production of a piezoelectric ink print head with, as mentioned above, very small dimensions for the usual high pressure dot density specify according to which such an ink print head can be manufactured economically.
- this ink print head must have reliable liquid sealing between the individual ink channels and the excitation of an ink channel must not lead to parasitic effects in adjacent ink channels.
- DE-A-36 19 871 describes a method for producing piezoceramic material with a predeterminable acoustic impedance which has internal cavities.
- the cavities are produced photolithographically, with an intermediate stage of the process being the production of a stack from piezoceramic raw foils.
- This method can advantageously be used to generate channel-shaped cavities in piezoceramic film strips, which serve as ink channels.
- DE-A-37 18 323 describes a method by means of which the processing of ceramic materials is possible without the creation of layers of damage.
- Laser radiation with an (air) wavelength less than about 350 nm is used, the exposure to laser radiation is carried out only in pulses and the pulse duration, the pulse repetition rate and the pulse energy are dimensioned in such a way that a substantial heat build-up is avoided in the processed material.
- the use of an excimer laser is advantageous.
- This laser process can be used in the process for manufacturing the piezoelectric ink print head to produce the nozzles, the trenches and to cut the piezoceramic strips with no annoying layers of Damage on the edges of the processed areas.
- the yield in the manufacture and the functional accuracy of the piezoelectric ink print heads can thus be increased.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a section through a piezoelectric ink printhead produced by the inventive method.
- Fig. 2 schematically shows the ink print head in plan view.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the course of the manufacture of the piezoelectric ink print head on the basis of successive method steps with the reference symbols 301 to 304, 301a, 301b, 304a, 305a and 304b to 307b.
- the reference numerals of which are provided with a or b the piezoelectric ink print head is shown in a top view.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a device that can be used to produce piezoceramic film strips with channel-shaped cavities.
- Fig. 5 shows a film that can be used to produce piezoceramic strips with channel-shaped cavities.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1:
- Each drive element 1 consists of a piezoceramic part 2, a second electrode 4 and part of a common first electrode 3. There are electrical connection strips 8 on the second electrodes 4.
- the piezoceramic parts 2 have Ink channels 5 with a rectangular cross section.
- the carrier layer 6 can consist of plastic or metal.
- the piezoelectric ink printhead can be cast on the side of the drive elements 1 with plastic 7.
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 1
- the nozzle front 21 with nozzles 22 is located on the front side of the piezoelectric ink print head.
- the nozzle front 21 is connected directly to the piezoceramic parts 2 and each ink channel 5 opens into a nozzle 22.
- the piezoelectric ceramic parts 2 do not touch on the length of the electrically contacted regions.
- the nozzle front 21 can consist of metal or piezoceramic.
- the nozzles 22 are correct for droplet formation during the operation of the piezoelectric ink print head.
- Arranged on the side of the piezoelectric ink print head opposite the nozzle front 21 is the electrical connecting strip line 9, the electrical connecting strips 8 of which make electrical contact with the second electrodes 4.
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 3
- Method step 301 A plurality of parallel bar-shaped profiles 43 are applied to an approximately 80 to 150 mm thick strip of a piezoceramic raw foil 41 with a carrier foil 42, from which the ink channels 5 emerge in the further course of the method.
- the profiles can be applied using the screen printing process.
- Profiles 43 which have the shape of the desired ink channels 5, are printed from a paste of organic binder with a proportion of carbon.
- Another possibility for producing the profiles 43 (not shown in the figure) is to provide the piezoceramic raw film strip 41 with a plastic layer and to structure this using the known photoetching techniques.
- ink channels with a rectangular, elliptical or elongated cross section is particularly advantageous for the manufacturing process, since inaccuracies in the dimensions caused by the shrinkage of the piezoceramic during sintering during the manufacture of the nozzle front 21 can be compensated for by adjusting the nozzles 22.
- the profiles 43 are not applied continuously to the piezoceramic tube film strip 41.
- the non-structured part of the piezoceramic raw film strip 41 is later used to produce the nozzle front 21.
- the profiles 43 are applied continuously to the piezoceramic raw film strip 41. Continuous ink channels 5 then result from this in the further production process.
- a layer of piezoceramic raw material 45 is applied to the piezoceramic tube film strip 41 in such a way that the profiles 43 are covered and the space between the profiles 43 is filled.
- the piezoceramic raw material 45 can be applied using the casting and drawing processes which are usually used for the production of piezoceramic raw film.
- An alternative possibility for coating the profiles 43 with piezoceramic raw material 45 is the application of a further piezoceramic raw film strip and subsequent pressing of the piezoceramic raw film strips, for example in one pass through a heated calender device.
- the coating of the profiles 43 with piezoceramic raw material 45 by casting and drawing methods is preferable if the distances between the ink channels 5 are to be produced with very little deviations from one another.
- the coating of the piezoceramic raw film strip 41 with a further piezoceramic raw film strip using a calender process enables a closer tolerance of the thickness, so that deviations in the thickness of less than 10% are possible for the finished ink print head. All piezoceramic raw foils and piezoceramic raw materials used are selected so that they achieve a defined high final density, for example 99%, after sintering.
- piezoceramic strips with inner profiles 43 and carrier foil 42 is sintered and a piezoceramic strip 46 with ink channels 5 is formed.
- the common first electrode 3 is applied by sputtering on a metal layer, on the common electrode 3
- a metallic sputter layer 47 is applied, from which the second electrodes 4 are later produced.
- a carrier layer 6 is applied to the common first electrode 3, for example by gluing on a plastic film.
- the piezoceramic parts 2 are separated from one another by laser etching such that they are separated from one another at least along the length of the electrically contacted regions, wedge-shaped furrows 48 being cut out of the sintered piezoceramic 46.
- the second electrodes 4 also arise from the sputter layer 47. With precise focusing and positioning of the laser beam, the piezoceramic parts 2 can be separated from one another practically continuously up to the first electrode 3 in one operation.
- wedge-shaped parting lines 48 are cut out of the sintered piezoceramic 46 by laser etching and do not reach the common first electrode 3.
- the piezoceramic parts 2 can then be completely separated from one another by different methods.
- the wedge-shaped parting lines 48 are potted with plastic 7 and the ceramic connection points 44 are torn by defined bending of the sintered piezoceramic parts 2. This can be done by gluing a carrier layer 6, both parts being pressed into a device (not shown in the figure) which has a slightly concave shape.
- the breaking apart of the ceramic connection points 44 results in the finest gaps between the Piezoceramic parts 2.
- the separation of the individual piezoceramic parts 2 from one another prevents crosstalk between the individual drive elements 1. This prevents unwanted crosstalk, ie ejection of ink droplets from the ink channel of a non-excited drive element.
- the wedge-shaped furrows 48 prevent the occurrence of interference-forming sound waves in the ink print head.
- the polarization of the piezoceramic parts 2 must be carried out in such a way that the mechanical stresses that occur are as low and elastic as possible.
- the polarization field strength should be as large as possible within the piezoceramic parts 2 and for all piezoceramic parts 2.
- the ink channels 5 are therefore covered with a weakly conductive liquid, e.g. Ink, filled and between the second electrodes 4 and the common first electrode 3, an electric field with a field strength customary for the piezoceramic is applied.
- the polarization is carried out at elevated temperature (100-150 ° C).
- Another method for separating the piezoceramic parts 2 offers the introduction of wedge-shaped elongated profiles (not shown in the figure) at the same time as the application of the profiles 43.
- the wedge-shaped furrows 48 then arise during sintering by burning out the profiles.
- the second electrodes 4 lie centrally over the ink channels 5 and run parallel to these.
- the nozzles 22 are produced by laser etching.
- the ink print head is finely sanded and polished on the front.
- the nozzles 22 are then produced by laser etching so that they meet the ink channels 5 and are the same Have distances from each other.
- the second electrodes 4 lie centrally over the ink channels 5 and run parallel to these.
- a further metallic sputter layer 49 is applied to the front of the piezoceramic strip 46.
- the metallic nozzle front 21 is applied galvanically to the sputter layer 49.
- the nozzle front 21 can e.g. are made of nickel.
- the nozzles 22 are produced by laser etching in such a way that they meet the ink channels 5 in the center and are at equal distances from one another.
- Electrode material Compounds with chrome-platinum-gold and titanium-nickel-gold are particularly suitable as the electrode material.
- Nickel is particularly suitable for the electrodeposited layers.
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 4
- the device contains a base body 51, in which a depression 54 is produced. On the outer edges of the base body 51 there are regularly arranged grooves 52 for receiving plastic threads 53. The grooves 52 are arranged such that the plastic threads 53 lie parallel next to one another above the recess 54 when the base body 53 is wrapped. In a casting process, the device can be used to produce a piezoceramic strip which has channel-shaped cavities after sintering.
- the plastic threads 53 can also be in a pressing process be surrounded with ceramic mass. Since very thin piezoceramic strips are difficult to produce by pressing, it is advisable to produce thicker piezoceramic strips and to grind them to the desired thickness after sintering.
- the piezoceramic strips produced using this method have continuous ink channels.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of FIG. 5
- a film made of burn-out material 61 can be used, which has strip-shaped openings 62.
- the strip-shaped openings 62 are arranged parallel to one another.
- the burn-out film 61 is surrounded with a piezoceramic raw material by a casting or pressing process. During sintering, the burn-out film 61 burns and a piezoceramic strip with continuous channel-shaped cavities is created. In this method too, it is advisable to design piezoceramic strips 46 produced by a pressing process somewhat thicker and to grind them to the desired thickness after sintering.
- the pressure dot density that can be achieved with the ink print head described is at least about 12 dots per mm.
- the ink printhead is suitable for the highest printing speeds.
- the method allows the production of an ink print head of the highest resolution, as it were in one piece, without the need for complex mechanical processing and connection processes, for example welding. Since the height of this ink printhead is very small, including a possible plastic coating smaller than 0.2 mm, several ink printheads can be easily stacked and installed together in one housing.
- the housing can serve as an ink chamber. In this way, ink printheads can be constructed for an entire print line.
- One connection technique for assembling individual ink printheads is gluing.
- ink printheads with widths of a few 10 mm. Since even assembled ink printheads still have a very low overall height, further stacking of such ink printheads for multi-color printing is possible.
- the ink channels 5 For polarizing the piezoceramic strips or parts, it is advisable to fill the ink channels 5 with an electrically weakly conductive liquid and to generate the electrical polarization field between the two electrodes 3, 4 at elevated temperature.
- piezoceramic with a material density greater than 98%.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
Abstract
Claims (19)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3725500A DE3725500A1 (de) | 1987-07-31 | 1987-07-31 | Piezoelektrischer tintendruckkopf und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| DE3725500 | 1987-07-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0358723A1 EP0358723A1 (fr) | 1990-03-21 |
| EP0358723B1 true EP0358723B1 (fr) | 1992-01-02 |
Family
ID=6332844
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88905711A Expired - Lifetime EP0358723B1 (fr) | 1987-07-31 | 1988-07-18 | Procédé de fabrication d'une tête piezoélectrique d'impression à l'encre |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0358723B1 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE3725500A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1989000920A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0596739A (ja) * | 1991-10-09 | 1993-04-20 | Rohm Co Ltd | インクジエツトプリントヘツドの製造方法 |
| EP0695641B1 (fr) * | 1994-08-03 | 2001-04-04 | Francotyp-Postalia Aktiengesellschaft & Co. | Disposition pour organes d'actionnement piézoélectriques et procédé de fabrication |
| JP2924664B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-28 | 1999-07-26 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 微細セラミックス構造体の形成方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1204024A (fr) * | 1957-10-03 | 1960-01-22 | United Insulator Company Ltd | Perfectionnements aux transducteurs électromécaniques |
| NL8102227A (nl) * | 1981-05-07 | 1982-12-01 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van straalpijpkanalen en inktstraaldrukker met een volgens die werkwijze vervaardigd straalpijpkanaal. |
| DE3630206A1 (de) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-03-19 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Tintenstrahldruckkopf |
-
1987
- 1987-07-31 DE DE3725500A patent/DE3725500A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-07-18 DE DE8888905711T patent/DE3867476D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-07-18 WO PCT/DE1988/000444 patent/WO1989000920A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1988-07-18 EP EP88905711A patent/EP0358723B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Patent Abstracts of Japan, volume 9, Nr. 235 )M-415)(1958), 21 September 1985; JP - A - 60 090 770 (H. KOTOU) 21 May 1983. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0358723A1 (fr) | 1990-03-21 |
| DE3867476D1 (de) | 1992-02-13 |
| WO1989000920A1 (fr) | 1989-02-09 |
| DE3725500A1 (de) | 1989-02-09 |
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