EP0359944B1 - Bouclier d'avancement - Google Patents

Bouclier d'avancement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0359944B1
EP0359944B1 EP89113746A EP89113746A EP0359944B1 EP 0359944 B1 EP0359944 B1 EP 0359944B1 EP 89113746 A EP89113746 A EP 89113746A EP 89113746 A EP89113746 A EP 89113746A EP 0359944 B1 EP0359944 B1 EP 0359944B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shield
chamber
disposed
excavation
transverse wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89113746A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0359944A3 (en
EP0359944A2 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Conrad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philipp Holzmann AG
Original Assignee
Philipp Holzmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philipp Holzmann AG filed Critical Philipp Holzmann AG
Publication of EP0359944A2 publication Critical patent/EP0359944A2/fr
Publication of EP0359944A3 publication Critical patent/EP0359944A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0359944B1 publication Critical patent/EP0359944B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
    • E21D9/065—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end with devices for provisionally supporting the front face
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tunneling shield with a pressure chamber in the front part of the shield that is sealed to the rear by a transverse wall, limited to the front by the working face, and to a spatially manipulable working device arranged in this on the transverse wall via a turntable for removing the material present on the working face , wherein one or more suction pipes are provided in the floor area of the mining chamber, via which the mined soil material can be conveyed out of the mining chamber by means of a feed pump in a liquid circulation circuit.
  • Such a driving shield is known from DE-AS-24 31 512.
  • the excavation space is filled with a pressurized thixotropic support liquid, with which the removed material is brought out of the removal space into the rear, pressure-free area of the shield by means of a feed pump, the support liquid pumped out of the removal space with the removed material being constantly replaced.
  • the work device used is a swiveling dismantling arm with a rotatable cutting head, the suction being carried out on the one hand directly on the cutting head and on the other hand on the floor of the excavation space.
  • the well-known tunneling shield can only be used for wet pumping with a liquid-supported face and can therefore not be driven dry if the soil is sufficiently stable. It is also not possible to use it on soils that contain layers of rubble and constant stone obstacles. With individual stone obstacles the dismantling process must be interrupted and the obstacle must be removed manually, ie it is necessary to enter the pressurized dismantling space.
  • a tunneling shield is known which is intended for the degradation of water-rich soils with low cohesion and works with compressed air as a support medium for the working face, the working face being sprayed with a thixotropic liquid to reduce the leakage losses of the compressed air to keep low.
  • the mined material is conveyed dry out of the quarry via a screw conveyor.
  • This known tunneling shield is neither intended nor suitable for the use of a supporting fluid.
  • a tunnel boring machine which works according to the full cutting method, a cutting wheel with a rotating scraper disc and a screw conveyor device removing the earth material removed from the face and conveying it via a grate into a washing chamber.
  • the scraper used as a removal tool itself provides support for the working face, so that other support media are not required.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tunneling shield of the type mentioned, which can be used even with strongly changing types of soil with obstacles embedded therein, which does not require entering the excavation space to salvage obstacles, and in which the mined material is not only wet, but can also be conveyed dry without conversion if necessary.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that a shielded from this maintenance room is arranged in the shield behind the mining space, in which the working device for changing the mining tool can be retracted, that a grate at a distance above the suction pipes as a passage for the flushable floor material is provided, and that in addition to the grate in the A lock is arranged in the transverse wall for the removal of the mining material and the stones that have not been let through by the grate.
  • the tunneling shield according to the invention can be used under all conceivable conditions, namely for loose to very solid soils, for rolling to cohesive soils and for soils that contain layers of debris and constant stone obstacles, the excavation space depending on the soil conditions with compressed air, water or a supporting fluid or also can be filled with a combination of compressed air and liquid, ie it can be conveyed wet or dry.
  • wet conveying the soil is pre-sorted over the grate. Scree, stones and blocks can be transported above the grate via the lock in special vehicles and driven dry.
  • the interchangeability of the preferably hydraulically driven removal tool enables the attachment of the appropriate tool for the soil conditions.
  • the basic tool used here is an excavator in the form of a shovel or a spoon, while, for example, if a large stone obstacle is found, the excavator is replaced by a hydraulic hammer in order to break the stone. All of these mining operations can be controlled from outside the mining area.
  • the gripper arm can be moved back into a maintenance room that can be partitioned off from the dismantling chamber, the tool change and any necessary repairs can also be carried out under atmospheric air pressure.
  • a gripping arm arranged centrally in the extraction space is sufficient.
  • probing knives which can be extended hydraulically independently of one another in the cutting edge of the shield. These probing knives can be used, for example, to locate stone obstacles or as a hood for support when recovering stones. However, they can also be extended before the shield is driven, which can significantly reduce the driving forces.
  • annularly at the front end of the shield in the middle and upper region of hydraulically independently drivable breast sheeting plates, which can be pivoted radially from a starting position, in which they run approximately parallel to the jacket of the shield, into a supporting position in which they Block the front opening of the sign according to the size of its surface.
  • the upper region of the working face can be supported, for example, during dry extraction, while a stone obstacle is salvaged from the lower region.
  • the shield jacket 1 of the tunneling shield shown in FIG. 1 is designed as a double jacket with a shield cutting edge 2 at the front end.
  • the shield jacket 1 encloses a transverse wall 3 in the front part of the shield, which separates a front extraction chamber 4 from the rear part of the tunnel shield with complete sealing.
  • the removal chamber 4 extends with its front end to the working face 5.
  • a gripper arm 6, Approximately in the middle of the transverse wall 3 there is a gripper arm 6, at the front end of which a removal tool is detachably attached.
  • the mining tool consists of an excavator 7 in the form of a gripper or spoon.
  • the gripper arm can be controlled hydraulically by means of several piston-cylinder units in order to dismantle the base on the face 5.
  • a grate 9 reaching as far as the transverse wall 3, under which a rinsing chamber 10 is formed.
  • the working face consists of sand, so that support with compressed air is not possible.
  • the support chamber 4 is therefore provided with a thixotropic support liquid, e.g. filled with bentonite.
  • openings of suction pipes 11 are arranged, which are connected to a pump, not shown, which conveys the thixotropic liquid with the conveyed soil that has fallen through the grate 9 out of the mining chamber.
  • the support liquid entrained in the process is fed back into the degradation chamber 4 via an inlet after cleaning, so that the level of the support liquid is kept constant there.
  • the operation of the removal tool is effected from a control station 12, which is behind the transverse wall 3 in the unpressurized Is located in the tunnel. From there, the working face can also be displayed and measured on a screen. All manipulations that are required when dismantling the working face are controlled from the control station 12. Through a window in the transverse wall 3 it is also possible to observe and control the dismantling process and the manipulations associated with it.
  • a lock 13 is provided, which for safety reasons is provided with two gate valves 14 and which serves to discharge degraded material that has not fallen through the grate 9.
  • the lock 13 there is a conveyor belt 15 with which the stones are conveyed into a carriage 16 for removal.
  • probing knives 17 are arranged in a ring on the entire circumference, which can be hydraulically extended forwards independently of the shield cutting edge. These probing knives 17 perform various functions. On the one hand, they can be used to locate stone obstacles in the cutting area. However, they can also be extended - for example in the upper area of the sign - and thereby secure the embankment on the face. However, they can also be driven up individually and thus create a cavity into which the shield jacket can enter. As a result, the shield driving forces can be kept low, since a pressure vault cannot form in front of the shield, and uplifts, breaks and settlements are also low.
  • the probing knives can be extended to different extents and pressed forward individually, in groups or all together. Your drive cylinders are outside the pressurized extraction chamber.
  • breast sheeting plates 18 are attached to the front end of the shield jacket, which can be pivoted radially inwards up to about 90 ° from the rest position shown, in which they run approximately parallel to the shield jacket, so that they face the face with their surface support what is explained in more detail below.
  • the breast sheeting panels can also be moved independently of one another.
  • the control of the breast lining plates 18 is carried out from the control station 12, as is the control of the probing knives 17.
  • Stones can be located by the probing knives 17 when a stone is in the area of the shield edge, in the remaining area of the face the stones are located by the excavator 7, or by seismics, by sound transducers and by pressure displays.
  • Fig. 2 shows the salvage of a stone that has been located in the upper area of the shield edge.
  • the stone is recovered with the support of the lower part of the excavation chamber with a thixotropic liquid and compressed air in the upper part of the excavation chamber, so that the salvage can take place under visual contact.
  • FIG. 3 shows the salvage of a stone which has been located in the lower area of the shield edge, the entire excavation chamber being filled with support liquid as in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows the stone salvage in the extraction chamber 4 under compressed air, the upper area of the working face being supported by the inward-pivoting breast sheeting plates. If necessary, the lower part of the working face, which is not supported by the breast sheeting, can also be sealed and secured with a thixotropic liquid.
  • the interchangeability of the mining tool offers the possibility of replacing the excavator with a drilling or splitting device to the stone to shred.
  • the gripper arm 6 is out of the removal chamber 4 to the rear into a maintenance space 19 retractable, which is under atmospheric pressure and can be sealed off against the extraction chamber. The tool can then be exchanged in the maintenance chamber under atmospheric pressure conditions, and repair work can also be carried out there.
  • dismantling tools can of course also be attached to the gripper arm if the nature of the soil to be dismantled requires it.
  • injection equipment can also be attached to the gripper arm in order to secure the working face by ground stabilization. If necessary, it is also possible to attach a drilling device.
  • FIG. 6a shows a tunneling shield designed according to the invention, which does not contain any breast sheeting plates.
  • the probing knives 17 are distributed evenly over the circumference.
  • two gripping arms are arranged side by side, which have all the associated devices, i.e. a left and right steering position 12, a left and right stone lock 13 and a left and right grate 9 with associated washing chamber 10. Both gripper arms are - as described above - retractable into a maintenance room, so that one of the gripper arms can work while the other can be repaired in the unpressurized maintenance room or equipped with an appropriate removal tool.
  • FIG. 6b shows a front view of a jacking plate as in FIG. 6a, but with additional equipment with breast sheeting plates 18.
  • the shoring plates are in the extended position State shown in which they exercise their support function for the working face, while they are shown in the left part of Fig. 6b in the retracted state.
  • the shoring plates do not extend over the entire circumference, but only over the middle and upper part over a circumferential angle of approximately 200 °.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Bouclier d'avancement comportant une chambre d'abattage (4) rendue étanche vers l'arrière par une paroi transversale (3), devant le bouclier, limitée vers l'avant par le front de taille (5), et qui peut être mise sous pression, et, dans celle-ci, un dispositif de travail qui est monté dans la paroi transversale (3) sur une couronne de pivotement (8) et qui peut être manipulé dans l'espace, pour l'abattage de la matière à la surface du front de taille (5), étant prévus dans la zone du fond de la chambre d'abattage (4) un ou plusieurs tubes d'aspiration (11), par lesquels au moyen d'une pompe de transport peut être transportée hors de la chambre d'abattage (4) la matière du fond abattue dans un cycle pulsé de liquides, caractérisé en ce que, dans le bouclier (1), derrière la chambre d'abattage (4), est prévue une chambre de maintenance (19) étanche par rapport à celle-ci, dans laquelle peut être reculé le dispositif de travail (7) pour changer l'outil d'abattage, en ce que, à une certaine distance au-dessus des tubes d'aspiration (11) est prévue une grille (9) servant de passage pour la matière qui peut être lavée, et en ce que, près de la grille (9) dans la paroi transversale (3), est disposé un canal de transfert (13) pour évacuer la matière d'abattage qui ne passe pas par la grille (9) et des pierres récupérées.
  2. Bouclier d'avancement suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que sont prévus deux bras de saisie (6) près l'un de l'autre et commandables indépendamment l'un de l'autre.
  3. Bouclier d'avancement suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans la lame (2) du bouclier, sont montés des couteaux de sondage (17) formant un anneau et hydrauliquement dépliables vers l'avant indépendamment les uns des autres.
  4. Bouclier d'avancement suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, formant un anneau à l'extrémité avant du bouclier, sont montées, dans ses zones centrale et supérieure, des plaques d'obturation de face (18) qui peuvent être hydrauliquement actionnées indépendamment les unes des autres et qui, en dehors de la position de sortie dans laquelle elles vont pratiquement parallèles à la surface du bouclier (1), sont orientables radialement en position d'appui dans laquelle elles obstruent l'ouverture frontale du bouclier, correspondant à la dimension de leurs surfaces.
EP89113746A 1988-09-17 1989-07-26 Bouclier d'avancement Expired - Lifetime EP0359944B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3831725 1988-09-17
DE3831725A DE3831725A1 (de) 1988-09-17 1988-09-17 Vortriebsschild

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0359944A2 EP0359944A2 (fr) 1990-03-28
EP0359944A3 EP0359944A3 (en) 1990-12-19
EP0359944B1 true EP0359944B1 (fr) 1994-03-16

Family

ID=6363209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89113746A Expired - Lifetime EP0359944B1 (fr) 1988-09-17 1989-07-26 Bouclier d'avancement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0359944B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3831725A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK171502B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3935033A1 (de) * 1989-10-20 1991-04-25 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Vortriebsschild
DE4225838C2 (de) * 1992-08-05 1995-02-02 Herrenknecht Gmbh Schildvortriebseinrichtung
DE4335753C2 (de) * 1993-10-20 1998-07-09 Schaeff Karl Gmbh & Co Hydraulisch angetriebener Abbaubagger für eine Vortriebseinrichtung zum unterirdischen Vortrieb
DE4426497C2 (de) * 1994-07-27 1996-12-12 Wirth Co Kg Masch Bohr Vortriebsschild
PL231572B1 (pl) * 2013-03-23 2019-03-29 Hajduk Group Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Obudowa krocząca do wyrobiska chodnikowego
FR3041373A1 (fr) * 2015-09-21 2017-03-24 Nfm Tech Systeme de maintenance pour tunnelier et tunnelier associe
CN111852487A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-10-30 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 一种防地层失稳式掘进装置及其施工方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3221494C1 (de) * 1982-06-07 1983-12-22 Philipp Holzmann Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Vortriebsschild
DE3514563A1 (de) * 1985-04-23 1986-10-30 Strabag Bau-AG, 5000 Köln Tunnelvortriebsmaschine
FR2589516B1 (fr) * 1985-11-06 1988-05-20 Bessac Creusement Soutenement Procede et machine a bouclier pour le creusement de galeries souterraines, notamment dans des sols aquiferes a faible cohesion
DE3605112A1 (de) * 1986-02-18 1987-08-20 Bade & Theelen Gmbh Tunnelvortriebssystem
DE3623553A1 (de) * 1986-07-12 1988-01-28 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Erddruckschild

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK171502B1 (da) 1996-12-02
DE3831725A1 (de) 1990-03-22
DK416789A (da) 1990-03-18
EP0359944A3 (en) 1990-12-19
DE58907219D1 (de) 1994-04-21
EP0359944A2 (fr) 1990-03-28
DK416789D0 (da) 1989-08-24

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