EP0361380A2 - Process for the mechanical cleaning, disinfecting and rinsing of dishes, and means suited therefor - Google Patents
Process for the mechanical cleaning, disinfecting and rinsing of dishes, and means suited therefor Download PDFInfo
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- EP0361380A2 EP0361380A2 EP89117721A EP89117721A EP0361380A2 EP 0361380 A2 EP0361380 A2 EP 0361380A2 EP 89117721 A EP89117721 A EP 89117721A EP 89117721 A EP89117721 A EP 89117721A EP 0361380 A2 EP0361380 A2 EP 0361380A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning agent
- weight
- alkali
- cleaning
- rinse aid
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
- C11D3/3951—Bleaching agents combined with specific additives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for cleaning, disinfecting and rinsing dishes in commercial dishwashers with the aid of cleaning agents based on alkali metal silicates, substances containing active chlorine and / or active oxygen, optionally with the addition of alkali phosphates and disinfectants, and a rinse aid in the form of a surfactant Based on adducts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide with higher molecular weight polyalkylene glycols or with fatty alcohols with 10 to 18 carbon atoms and a suitable agent.
- both the process and the means used must perform a whole series of tasks, such as the safe detachment of burnt-on food residues, for which alkali hydroxides in particular have been used in increasing concentrations, the germicidal and disinfection, and the removal of tar residues containing chlorine - or oxygen-active substances is effected.
- the metal parts of the dishwasher must not be attacked, which can be prevented with alkali metal silicates, which also have a cleaning effect.
- the temperature of the cleaning liquor which has been raised more and more to 85 ° C today, because it can achieve a double effect. At one point, it was previously thought that germs and bacteria could be killed more safely at higher temperatures.
- the problem underlying the invention is to find a way out here and not to have to resort to ever higher temperatures, ever more aggressive agents and higher concentrations.
- the object on which the invention is based is therefore to create a method and an agent which has a lower energy requirement, requires fewer agents to be used and nevertheless enables the dishes to be cleaned properly, reliably kills germs and bacteria and does not cause any foam problem.
- a very important feature of the process according to the invention and the cleaning agent used for it, which is surprising in its effect, is the very high proportion of alkali metal silicate of more than 60% by weight, preferably even more than 75% by weight. Metasilicates have so far been added to such cleaning agents because they have a certain cleaning effect and, above all, a protective effect on the metal parts from corrosion. In practice, however, their proportion has been predominantly 10 to 40% by weight. Additional percentages are only given in isolated cases. However, considerable amounts of alkali polyphosphates and of alkali and temperatures of 60 to 85 ° C. have always been considered necessary for a good cleaning action.
- this easily accessible and therefore inexpensive and chemically non-aggressive substance can be used as the main component in such a cleaning process and in a suitable cleaning agent - and this at unusually low cleaning temperatures of 25 to 45 ° C, preferably 35 up to 45 ° C, - if one uses the synergistic effect of the interaction with the certain, as such known group of surfactants based on adducts of ethylene oxide with higher molecular weight polyalkylene glycols and / or adducts of ethylene and / or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols.
- the cleaning agent of the specified composition suitable for carrying out the method is preferably used in solid form as a powder or more advantageously in block form.
- a powder detergent has the advantage that the individual components do not influence each other and storage is not a problem.
- the cleaning agent can also be used in liquid form, expediently in about 30% dissolution in water and / or in lower alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the advantage of the liquid cleaning agent is that when it is added to the dishwasher, it is spontaneously distributed in the cleaning liquor and its effect unfolds and can be dosed with simple dosing devices.
- the amount of cleaning agent is expediently from 0.3 to 2 g / liter in the case of solid cleaning agent, preferably from 0.7 to 0.9 g / liter, and expediently from 0.6 to 6 g / liter in the case of liquid cleaning agent, preferably from 1 to 2 g / liter.
- the preferred temperature range is 35 to 45 ° C.
- the process and the detergent used in conjunction with the surfactants of the rinse aid are extremely effective in killing even the most resistant and thermostable pathogens such as streptococcus faecium.
- a preferred composition of the cleaning agent consists of about 85% by weight of alkali metasilicate, about 10% by weight of a substance containing active chlorine or active oxygen and optionally alkali polyphosphates up to 5% by weight.
- nonionic surfactants required for the synergistic effect based on adducts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide with higher molecular weight polyalkylene glycols or with fatty alcohols with 10 to 18 carbon atoms are known as rinse aids, for example from the European patent already mentioned, so that they are not here must be described in more detail. Further developments and modifications are of course also possible, such as the end-capped alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers.
- the reaction product of a fatty alcohol having 10 to 12 carbon atoms and 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 6 moles is preferably suitable as a surfactant for carrying out the process according to the invention Propylene oxide.
- surfactants are low-foaming and readily biodegradable.
- the process according to the invention also makes it possible to lower the temperature considerably and thus save energy costs by reducing the temperature from the previously customary 80 to 90 ° C. to 30 to 60 ° C., preferably to 50 to 60 ° C.
- the higher temperature range of 50 to 60 ° C is also preferred for rinsing only because the requirements for lower temperatures are not yet met by today's technology.
- the new process also opens up new paths for machine technology, so that rinsing can then take place at 30 ° C and a temperature of approx. 25 ° C results in the cleaning liquors without any separate heating.
- both the rinse aid is separately fed to the rinse aid line and the detergent is fed separately to the wash tank and thus primarily used for their actual task, in order then to work together synergistically in the wash tank in the sense of the invention.
- the alkali metal silicate is primarily the sodium salt, but also the potassium salt, preferably in the hydrate-free one Form to which the quantities refer. If the penta- or decahydrate is used, the amounts indicated must be increased accordingly.
- the compounds containing active chlorine are also known as such, such as sodium N-monochloramidosulfonic acid, sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide and trichloroisocyanuric acid.
- Sodium dichloroisocyanurate or its dihydrate is particularly preferred.
- sodium hypochlorite is an easily accessible and convenient variant.
- active oxygen-containing substances such as perborates
- Borax has emerged as the preferred active oxygen-containing substance or a substance which fully exhibits the effect of one, which, surprisingly, in the preferred amount of 20-30% by weight completely takes over the effect of the sodium dichloroisocyanurate which has been predominantly used to date, is environmentally friendly and is readily available.
- alkali polyphosphates up to about 5% by weight are useful and do not include the serious environmental problems that this class of substances causes in the amounts used to date. If necessary, this substance can also be omitted entirely or replaced by less safe substances such as phosphorus derivatives.
- the ratio of formaldehyde to glutaraldehyde to glyoxal is preferably approximately 1: 1: 10. They are used in amounts of up to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the cleaning agent according to the invention.
- the germ killing and disinfection is so perfected that practically no germs are found in the usual tests. This also contributes significantly to being able to reduce alkali polyphosphates extremely strongly or to be able to drop them entirely and to clean them at low temperatures.
- liquid or are used in liquid form (formalin) cleaning agents with this additive are particularly suitable as liquid cleaners.
- the liquid / aldehyde mixture is expediently sprayed onto the powder in the required amount.
- aldehydes peracetic acid, peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, succinic acid dialdehyde, biguanides and quaternary ammonium compounds such as dialkyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride, alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride and alkyl-methyl-ethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride.
- alkyl in the above compounds means an aliphatic radical having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- the percentages essentially correspond to those of the powdered cleaning agent.
- the mixture of substances is appropriately dissolved in water at a concentration of about 30%. Only with borax as an oxygen-active substance is it advisable to choose a higher concentration up to 50%.
- the use in block form is particularly preferred because, in a very simple form, suitable metering devices allow exact metering to the cleaning device.
- This form of use also has the advantage that individual components of the cleaning agent or different compositions in the form of several blocks are expediently used and the cleaning agent can be optimally combined from standardized compositions depending on the requirements of the dishes to be cleaned.
- Such a block-shaped cleaning agent has hitherto been produced by melting the components and pouring the melt into a metering container. This method is disadvantageous in that it in turn consumes energy. In addition, certain components of the cleaning agent can decompose during melting.
- a preferred method for producing a cleaning agent in block form is therefore to mix the mixed powder with about 10 to 20 parts by weight of water, to introduce it into a metering container and to allow it to solidify and harden.
- a rinse aid according to Example 6d is added to the rinse water at 0.1 g / liter in the pressure line.
- the dishes obtained after the rinsing process have been dried without water drops and have been perfectly cleaned without starch and protein residues (detection by iodine test).
- the pathogen streptococcus faecium which has proven to be the most resistant of its kind, was brought to a reduction factor of log 6 even with a high pre-contamination of 108 / ml or dishes. This means better hygiene performance than the standard set by the Society for Hygiene and Microbiology with a reduction factor of log 5.
- the cleaning methods previously used which worked at a cleaning temperature of 60 to 70 ° C and a rinsing temperature of 80 to 90 ° C, often did not even reach that of the value required by the standard.
- the rinse liquor must be transferred into the tanks of the main and pre-rinse cycle in a countercurrent process.
- the surfactants of the rinse aid thus fulfill a double function, namely rinsing and drying the dishes without leaving any residue, and on the other hand transferring them into the cleaning liquid to effectively clean them with environmentally friendly substances with considerable energy savings.
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Abstract
Das Verfahren zum maschinellen Reinigen, Desinfizieren und Klarspülen von Geschirr und das dafür geeignete Mittel beruhen auf hohen Anteilen an Natriummetasilikat in Höhe von 60 bis 90 Gew. %, 1 bis 20 Gew. % aktivchlor- u/o aktivsauerstoffhaltiger Substanzen und nur bis zu 5 Gew.% Natriumpolyphosphate im Reinigungsmittel und Tensiden auf Basis von Addukten des Ethylen- u/o Propylenoxid an höhermolekularen Polyalkylenaddukten oder an linearen Fettalkoholen mit 10 bis 18 C-Atomen als Klarspülmittel, wobei die Reinigungstemperatur nur 25 bis 45<o> C und die Klarspültemperatur nur 30 bis 60<o> C beträgt und Reinigungs- und Klarspülmittel in synergistischem Zusammenwirken bei der Reinigung zusammentreffen.The process for machine cleaning, disinfecting and rinsing dishes and the appropriate agent are based on high proportions of sodium metasilicate in the amount of 60 to 90% by weight, 1 to 20% by weight of substances containing active chlorine and / or active oxygen and only up to 5 % By weight of sodium polyphosphates in the detergent and surfactants based on adducts of ethylene and propylene oxide on higher molecular weight polyalkylene adducts or on linear fatty alcohols with 10 to 18 carbon atoms as rinse aid, the cleaning temperature only 25 to 45 ° C. and the rinse aid temperature is only 30 to 60 ° C and detergents and rinse aids come together in synergistic interaction during cleaning.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Reinigen, Desinfizieren und Klarspülen von Geschirr in gewerblichen Geschirrspülmaschinen mit Hilfe von Reinigungsmitteln auf Basis von Alkalimetasilikaten, aktivchlor- und/oder aktivsauerstoffhaltigen Substanzen, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von Alkaliphosphaten und Desinfektionsmitteln, und einem Klarspülmittel in Form eines Tensids auf der Basis von Addukten des Ethylenoxids und/oder Propylenoxids an höhermolekularen Polyalkylenglykolen oder an Fettalkoholen mit 10 bis 18 C-Atomen und ein dafür geeignetes Mittel.The invention relates to a method for cleaning, disinfecting and rinsing dishes in commercial dishwashers with the aid of cleaning agents based on alkali metal silicates, substances containing active chlorine and / or active oxygen, optionally with the addition of alkali phosphates and disinfectants, and a rinse aid in the form of a surfactant Based on adducts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide with higher molecular weight polyalkylene glycols or with fatty alcohols with 10 to 18 carbon atoms and a suitable agent.
Der maschinellen Reinigung von Geschirr in gewerblichen Geschirrspülmaschinen kommt in unserer Massengesellschaft und den dabei immer umfangreicher werdenden Großküchen in Betrieben, Behörden, Schulen, Krankenhäusern u.ä. eine immer größere Bedeutung zu. Auf einen kurzen Nenner gebracht, besteht eine solche Geschirreinigung im Zusammenwirken mechanischer, chemischer und thermischer Faktoren und erfolgt im wesentlichen in zwei Stufen, nämlich der der Reinigung und Desinfizierung und der des Klarspülens und Trocknens.
Da ein solcher Reinigungs- und Spülvorgang in vertretbaren Zeiten von wenigen Minuten durchgeführt sein muß, müssen die Mittel und die Bedingungnen zur Reinigung des Geschirrs ihre Aufgabe innerhalb kurzer Einwirkungszeiten erfüllen.The mechanical cleaning of dishes in commercial dishwashers comes in our mass society and the ever more extensive canteen kitchens in companies, authorities, schools, hospitals and the like. becoming more and more important. To put it briefly, such a dishwashing consists of the interaction of mechanical, chemical and thermal factors and essentially takes place in two stages, namely that of cleaning and disinfection and that of rinsing and drying.
Since such a cleaning and rinsing process must be carried out in a reasonable time of a few minutes, the means and the conditions for cleaning the dishes have to fulfill their task within a short period of action.
Man hat dieses Problem durch immer wirksamere Reinigungsmittel, höhere Konzentrationen der Mittel in der Waschflotte und höhere Temperaturen zu lösen versucht. In dieser Richtung weiterzugehen, verbietet sich jedoch aus einer ganzen Reihe von Gründen. Der wesentliche liegt darin, daß sowohl der Chemikalien- als auch der Energiebedarf inzwischen derart hoch geworden ist, daß dies in einer Zeit, die Umweltschutz und Energie-Einsparung auf ihre Fahne geschrieben hat, nicht mehr vertretbar erscheint.Attempts have been made to solve this problem by means of increasingly effective cleaning agents, higher concentrations of the agents in the wash liquor and higher temperatures. However, continuing in this direction is forbidden for a number of reasons. The main point is that both the chemical and the energy requirements have become so high that this no longer seems justifiable in a time that has put environmental protection and energy saving on its banner.
Andererseits müssen sowohl das Verfahren als auch die dabei eingesetzten Mittel eine ganze Reihe von Aufgaben erfüllen, wie die sichere Ablösung von angebrannten Speiseresten, für die vor allem Alkalihydroxide in steigenden Konzentrationen eingesetzt wurden, die Keimtötung und Desinfektion sowie die Beseitigung von Teerrückständen, die mit chlor- bzw. sauerstoffaktiven Substanzen bewirkt wird. Dabei dürfen andererseits die Metallteile der Geschirrspülmaschine nicht angegriffen werden, was sich mit Alkalimetasilikaten verhindern läßt, die gleichzeitig auch Reinigungswirkung entfalten. Ganz besondere Bedeutung kommt dabei der Temperatur der Reinigungsflotte zu, die immer stärker bis auf heute 85 °C angehoben wurde, weil sich damit ein doppelter Effekt erzielen läßt. Einmal war man bisher der Ansicht, daß bei höheren Temperaturen Keime und Bakterien sicherer abgetötet werden. Das ist jedoch auf Grund der kurzen Waschzeiten von 1 bis 5 Minuten selbst bei hohen Temperaturen schwierig. Zum anderen ist bei hohen Temperaturen die bei Reinigungsprozessen so gefürchtete Schaumbildung wesentlich geringer, so daß der Einsatz von Tensiden in Grenzen gehalten werden kann. Andererseits hat außer dem hohen Energiebedarf die Anwendung hoher Temperaturen den Nachteil, daß es dabei vermehrt zu Kalkabsetzungen kommt. Dies hat man durch steigende Anteile an Alkalipolyphosphaten zu vermeiden versucht, wie das beispielsweise das Europa-Patent 0 032.236 beschreibt. Das wiederum führt zu einer stärkeren Belastung der Abwässer mit dieser ohnehin in Verruf gekommenen Produktgruppe.On the other hand, both the process and the means used must perform a whole series of tasks, such as the safe detachment of burnt-on food residues, for which alkali hydroxides in particular have been used in increasing concentrations, the germicidal and disinfection, and the removal of tar residues containing chlorine - or oxygen-active substances is effected. On the other hand, the metal parts of the dishwasher must not be attacked, which can be prevented with alkali metal silicates, which also have a cleaning effect. Of particular importance is the temperature of the cleaning liquor, which has been raised more and more to 85 ° C today, because it can achieve a double effect. At one point, it was previously thought that germs and bacteria could be killed more safely at higher temperatures. However, this is difficult due to the short washing times of 1 to 5 minutes, even at high temperatures. On the other hand, the foam formation so feared in cleaning processes is significantly lower at high temperatures, so that the use of surfactants can be kept within limits. On the other hand, in addition to the high energy requirement, the use of high temperatures has the disadvantage that limescale deposits increasingly occur. Attempts have been made to avoid this by increasing the proportions of alkali polyphosphates, as described, for example, by European patent 0 032.236. This in turn leads to a greater pollution of the wastewater with this product group, which has already been discredited.
Ebenso entstehen durch hohe Temperaturen Stärkeablagerungen am Geschirr, da die Eingangstemperatur in die Spülmaschine mit ca. 50 °C bereits die Koagulation beschleunigt.High temperatures also result in starch deposits on the dishes, since the entry temperature into the dishwasher already accelerates coagulation at around 50 ° C.
Es ergibt sich so eine Art Circulus vitiosus aus dem ein Ausweg nicht möglich erscheint, weil eine Verbesserung in der einen Richtung meist Nachteile in anderer Hinsicht mit sich bringt.The result is a kind of vicious circle from which a way out does not seem possible, because an improvement in one direction usually has disadvantages in other respects.
Das der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Problem besteht darin, hier einen Ausweg zu finden und nicht auf immer höhere Temperaturen, immer aggressivere Mittel und höhere Konzentrationen zurückgreifen zu müssen.The problem underlying the invention is to find a way out here and not to have to resort to ever higher temperatures, ever more aggressive agents and higher concentrations.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht deshalb in der Schaffung eines Verfahrens und eines Mittels, das einen geringeren Energiebedarf hat, weniger an einzusetzenden Mitteln erfordert und trotzdem eine einwandfreie Reinigung des Geschirrs ermöglicht, Keime und Bakterien sicher abtötet und kein Schaumproblem mit sich bringt.The object on which the invention is based is therefore to create a method and an agent which has a lower energy requirement, requires fewer agents to be used and nevertheless enables the dishes to be cleaned properly, reliably kills germs and bacteria and does not cause any foam problem.
Überraschenderweise läßt sich diese Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren lösen, das gänzlich neue Wege beschreitet und durch die in den Patentansprüchen aufgeführten Merkmale gekennzeichnet ist. Es ist im einzelnen noch nicht geklärt, worin der synergistische Effekt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der dafür geeigneten Mittel beruht und es möglich geworden ist, trotz wesentlich reduzierter Arbeitstemperaturen und Einsparung an Mittel trotzdem eine sichere Abtötung vorhandener Keime und Bakterien und eine gleich gute oder sogar verbesserte Reinigungswirkung zu erzielen, keine Schaumprobleme zu haben - und das alles beim Einsatz von weniger Reinigungsmittel insgesamt.Surprisingly, this object can be achieved with a method which breaks entirely new ground and is characterized by the features listed in the patent claims. It has not yet been clarified in detail what the synergistic effect of the method according to the invention and the means suitable for it are based on, and which has made it possible, despite significantly reduced working temperatures and savings in means, to reliably kill existing germs and bacteria and to achieve an equally good or even improved one Achieve cleaning effect, have no foam problems - and all this when using less cleaning agent overall.
Ein ganz wesentliches und in seiner Wirkung überraschendes Merkmal des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und des dafür verwendeten Reinigungsmittels ist der sehr hohe Anteil von Alkalimetasilikat von über 60 Gew.%, bevorzugt sogar über 75 Gew.%. Metasilikate wurden bisher bei solchen Reinigungsmitteln zwar jeweils zugesetzt, weil ihnen eine gewisse Reinigungswirkung und vor allem eine die Metallteile vor Korrosion schützende Wirkung zukommt. Ihr Anteil lag aber in der Praxis bisher überwiegend bei 10 bis 40 Gew.%. Nur ganz vereinzelt sind darüber hinausgehende Prozentsätze angegeben. Immer aber sind für eine gute Reinigungswirkung bisher erhebliche Mengen an Alkalipolyphosphaten und an Alkali und Temperaturen von 60 bis 85 °C für erforderlich gehalten worden.A very important feature of the process according to the invention and the cleaning agent used for it, which is surprising in its effect, is the very high proportion of alkali metal silicate of more than 60% by weight, preferably even more than 75% by weight. Metasilicates have so far been added to such cleaning agents because they have a certain cleaning effect and, above all, a protective effect on the metal parts from corrosion. In practice, however, their proportion has been predominantly 10 to 40% by weight. Additional percentages are only given in isolated cases. However, considerable amounts of alkali polyphosphates and of alkali and temperatures of 60 to 85 ° C. have always been considered necessary for a good cleaning action.
Es ist um so überraschender, daß sich diese leicht zugängliche und damit preiswerte und chemisch nicht aggressive Substanz als Hauptkomponente bei einem solchen Reinigungsverfahren und in einem dafür geeigneten Reinigungsmittel verwenden läßt - und das bei ungewöhnlich niedrigen Reinigungstemperaturen von 25 bis 45 °C, vorzugsweise von 35 bis 45 °C, - wenn man den synergistischen Effekt des Zusammenwirkens mit der bestimmten, als solche vorbekannten Gruppe der Tenside auf Basis von Addukten des Ethylenoxids an höher molekularen Polyalkylenglykolen und/oder Addukten des Ethylen- und/oder Propylenoxids an Fettalkoholen ausnutzt.It is all the more surprising that this easily accessible and therefore inexpensive and chemically non-aggressive substance can be used as the main component in such a cleaning process and in a suitable cleaning agent - and this at unusually low cleaning temperatures of 25 to 45 ° C, preferably 35 up to 45 ° C, - if one uses the synergistic effect of the interaction with the certain, as such known group of surfactants based on adducts of ethylene oxide with higher molecular weight polyalkylene glycols and / or adducts of ethylene and / or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols.
Es ist freilich unabdingbare Voraussetzung, daß das Klarspülmittel separat der Klarspülleitung zugeführt und dann zur Herbeiführung des synergistischen Effekts in die Reinigungstanks überführt wird. Nur so ist gewährleistet, daß die Reinigung mit diesem wenig aggressiven Reinigungsmittel und bei bisher nicht für ausreichend angesehenen niedrigen Temperaturen durchgeführt werden kann und trotzdem ein hervorragender Reinigungseffekt und hohe Desinfektionswirkung erzielt wird, und das trotz der sehr kurzen Einwirkungszeiten, die beim Durchlaufverfahren gewerblicher Geschirrspülmaschinen nur gegeben sind.It is of course an essential requirement that the rinse aid is fed separately to the rinse aid line and then transferred to the cleaning tanks to bring about the synergistic effect. This is the only way to ensure that cleaning can be carried out with this less aggressive cleaning agent and at previously low temperatures which have not been considered sufficient, and yet an excellent cleaning effect and high disinfectant effect are achieved, and this despite the very short exposure times that only occur in the continuous process of commercial dishwashers given are.
Das zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Reinigungsmittel der angegebenen Zusammensetzung wird bevorzugt in fester Form als Pulver oder vorteilhafter noch in Blockform eingesetzt. Ein solches pulverförmiges Reinigungsmittel hat den Vorteil, daß sich die einzelnen Bestandteile nicht gegenseitig beeinflussen und die Lagerung unproblematisch ist. Das Reinigungsmittel kann aber auch in flüssiger Form zur Anwendung kommen, zweckmäßig in ca. 30 %iger Auflösung in Wasser und/oder in niederen Alkoholen mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen. Der Vorteil des flüssigen Reinigungsmittels liegt darin, daß es sich bei Zugabe zur Geschirrspülmaschine spontan in der Reinigungsflotte verteilt und seine Wirkung entfaltet und mit einfachen Dosiergeräten zu dosieren ist.The cleaning agent of the specified composition suitable for carrying out the method is preferably used in solid form as a powder or more advantageously in block form. Such a powder detergent has the advantage that the individual components do not influence each other and storage is not a problem. However, the cleaning agent can also be used in liquid form, expediently in about 30% dissolution in water and / or in lower alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The advantage of the liquid cleaning agent is that when it is added to the dishwasher, it is spontaneously distributed in the cleaning liquor and its effect unfolds and can be dosed with simple dosing devices.
Die Menge an Reinigungsmittel liegt bei festem Reinigungsmittel zweckmäßig bei 0,3 bis 2 g/Liter, bevorzugt sind 0,7 bis 0,9 g/Liter, bei flüssigem Reinigungsmittel zweckmäßig bei 0,6 bis 6 g/Liter, bevorzugt bei 1 bis 2 g/Liter.The amount of cleaning agent is expediently from 0.3 to 2 g / liter in the case of solid cleaning agent, preferably from 0.7 to 0.9 g / liter, and expediently from 0.6 to 6 g / liter in the case of liquid cleaning agent, preferably from 1 to 2 g / liter.
Die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren verbundene und möglich gewordene niedrige Reinigungstemperatur von 25 - 45 °C ließe sich an sich noch weiter erniedrigen, wenn nicht bei der heutigen Maschinentechnik dann zu lange Trocknungszeiten erforderlich werden. Aus dem gleichen Grund liegt der bevorzugte Temperaturbereich bei 35 bis 45 °C.The low cleaning temperature of 25-45 ° C. which has become possible and has become possible with the method according to the invention could in itself be reduced even further, if excessive drying times were not required in today's machine technology. For the same reason, the preferred temperature range is 35 to 45 ° C.
Trotz der niedrigen Dosierung und der niedrigen Reinigungstemperatur ist das Verfahren und das dabei eingesetzte Reinigungsmittel im Zusammenwirken mit den Tensiden des Klarspülmittels äußerst effektiv hinsichtlich der Abtötung auch der resistentesten und thermostabilsten Erreger wie streptococcus faecium.Despite the low dosage and the low cleaning temperature, the process and the detergent used in conjunction with the surfactants of the rinse aid are extremely effective in killing even the most resistant and thermostable pathogens such as streptococcus faecium.
Eine bevorzugte Zusammensetzung des Reinigungsmittels besteht aus etwa 85 Gew.% Alkalimetasilikat, etwa 10 Gew.% einer aktivchlor- bzw. aktivsauerstoffhaltigen Substanz und gegebenenfalls Alkalipolyphosphaten bis zu 5 Gew.%.A preferred composition of the cleaning agent consists of about 85% by weight of alkali metasilicate, about 10% by weight of a substance containing active chlorine or active oxygen and optionally alkali polyphosphates up to 5% by weight.
Die für die synergistische Wirkung erforderlichen nichtionischen Tenside auf Basis von Addukten des Ethylenoxids und/oder Propylenoxids an höhermolekularen Polyalkylenglykolen oder an Fettalkoholen mit 10 bis 18 C-Atomen sind als Klarspülmittel bekannt, beispielsweise aus dem bereits erwähnten Europa-Patent, so daß sie hier nicht näher beschrieben werden müssen. Es kommen natürlich auch Weiterentwicklungen und Abwandlungen in Betracht wie die endgruppen-verschlossenen Alkylpolyethylenglykoläther.The nonionic surfactants required for the synergistic effect based on adducts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide with higher molecular weight polyalkylene glycols or with fatty alcohols with 10 to 18 carbon atoms are known as rinse aids, for example from the European patent already mentioned, so that they are not here must be described in more detail. Further developments and modifications are of course also possible, such as the end-capped alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers.
Bevorzugt geeignet als Tensid für die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist das Umsetzungsprodukt eines Fettalkohols mit 10 bis 12 C-Atomen und 4 Mol Ethylenoxid und 6 Mol Propylenoxid. Diese Tenside sind schaumarm und gut biologisch abbaubar.The reaction product of a fatty alcohol having 10 to 12 carbon atoms and 4 moles of ethylene oxide and 6 moles is preferably suitable as a surfactant for carrying out the process according to the invention Propylene oxide. These surfactants are low-foaming and readily biodegradable.
Bewährt haben sich besonders auch sogenannte endgruppenverschlossene Alkylpolyethylenglykolether mit einer n-Butyl- bzw. Methyl-Ethergruppierung, die sich durch besonders gute biologische Abbaubarkeit auszeichnen.So-called end group-capped alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers with an n-butyl or methyl ether group, which are distinguished by particularly good biodegradability, have also proven particularly useful.
Auch hinsichtlich der Klarspültemperaturen ist durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eine ganz beträchtliche Temperaturerniedrigung und damit Energiekosteneinsparung möglich, indem die Temperatur von den bisher üblichen 80 bis 90 °C auf 30 bis 60 °C, bevorzugt auf 50 bis 60 °C erniedrigt werden kann. Auch beim Klarspülen ist der höhere Temperaturbereich von 50 bis 60 °C nur deshalb bevorzugt, weil maschinentechnisch bei den heutigen Geräten noch nicht die Voraussetzungen für niedrigere Temperaturen gegeben sind. Das neue Verfahren eröffnet aber auch der Maschinentechnik neue Wege, so daß dann bei 30 °C gespült werden kann und sich ohne jede separate Heizung in den Reinigungsflotten eine Temperatur von ca. 25 °C ergibt.With regard to the rinse-aid temperatures, the process according to the invention also makes it possible to lower the temperature considerably and thus save energy costs by reducing the temperature from the previously customary 80 to 90 ° C. to 30 to 60 ° C., preferably to 50 to 60 ° C. The higher temperature range of 50 to 60 ° C is also preferred for rinsing only because the requirements for lower temperatures are not yet met by today's technology. The new process also opens up new paths for machine technology, so that rinsing can then take place at 30 ° C and a temperature of approx. 25 ° C results in the cleaning liquors without any separate heating.
Es wird nochmals herausgestellt, daß für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und den zu erzielenden synergistischen Effekt wesentlich ist, daß diese Tenside mit dem Reinigungsmittel zusammentreffen, wie das bei gewerblichen Geschirrspülmaschinen, die nach dem Mehrkammersystem im Gegenstrom arbeiten, der Fall ist. Das Klarspülmittel darf nicht isoliert abgeführt werden.It is again emphasized that it is essential for the process according to the invention and the synergistic effect to be achieved that these surfactants coincide with the cleaning agent, as is the case with commercial dishwashers which work in countercurrent according to the multi-chamber system. The rinse aid must not be drained off in isolation.
Es werden also sowohl der Klarspüler separat der Klarspülleitung als auch das Reinigungsmittel separat dem Waschtank zugeführt und so jeweils primär für ihre eigentliche Aufgabe genutzt, um dann gemeinsam im Waschtank synergistisch im Sinne der Erfindung zusammenzuwirken.So both the rinse aid is separately fed to the rinse aid line and the detergent is fed separately to the wash tank and thus primarily used for their actual task, in order then to work together synergistically in the wash tank in the sense of the invention.
Als Alkalimetasilikat kommt vor allem das Natrium-, aber auch das Kaliumsalz in Betracht, bevorzugt in der hydratwasserfreien Form, auf die sich auch die Mengenangaben beziehen. Bei Verwendung des Penta- bzw. Dekahydrats sind die angegebenen Mengen entsprechend zu erhöhen.The alkali metal silicate is primarily the sodium salt, but also the potassium salt, preferably in the hydrate-free one Form to which the quantities refer. If the penta- or decahydrate is used, the amounts indicated must be increased accordingly.
Die aktivchlorhaltigen Verbindungen sind als solche ebenfalls vorbekannt, wie Natrium-N-monochloramidosulfonsäure, Natium-N-Chlor-p-toluolsulfonsäureamid und Trichlorisocyanursäure. Besonders bevorzugt ist Natriumdichlorisocyanurat bzw. dessen Dihydrat.The compounds containing active chlorine are also known as such, such as sodium N-monochloramidosulfonic acid, sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide and trichloroisocyanuric acid. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate or its dihydrate is particularly preferred.
Für ein flüssiges Reinigungsmittel ist Natriumhypochlorit eine leicht zugängliche und zweckmäßige Variante.For a liquid cleaning agent, sodium hypochlorite is an easily accessible and convenient variant.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung aktivsauerstoffhaltiger Substanzen, wie Perborate, da sie frei von Chlor sind und damit nicht auf die Bedenken stoßen, die in bezug auf chlorhaltige Substanzen in zunehmendem Maße geäußert werden. Als bevorzugte aktivsauerstoffhaltige Substanz oder eine Substanz, die vollkommen die Wirkung einer solchen entfaltet, hat sich Borax herausgestellt, das in der bevorzugten Menge von 20 - 30 Gew.% überraschenderweise vollkommen die Wirkung des bisher vorwiegend verwendeten Natriumdichlorisocyanurates übernimmt, umweltfreundlich und leicht verfügbar ist.The use of active oxygen-containing substances, such as perborates, is particularly preferred since they are free of chlorine and therefore do not raise the concerns that are increasingly being raised with regard to chlorine-containing substances. Borax has emerged as the preferred active oxygen-containing substance or a substance which fully exhibits the effect of one, which, surprisingly, in the preferred amount of 20-30% by weight completely takes over the effect of the sodium dichloroisocyanurate which has been predominantly used to date, is environmentally friendly and is readily available.
Geringe Mengen an Alkalipolyphosphaten bis zu etwa 5 Gew.% sind nützlich und beinhalten nicht die schwerwiegenden Umweltprobleme, die diese Stoffklasse in den bisher eingesetzten Mengen verursacht. Gegebenenfalls kann diese Substanz auch ganz entfallen oder durch weniger bedenkliche Stoffe wie Phosphorabkömmlinge ersetzt werden.Small amounts of alkali polyphosphates up to about 5% by weight are useful and do not include the serious environmental problems that this class of substances causes in the amounts used to date. If necessary, this substance can also be omitted entirely or replaced by less safe substances such as phosphorus derivatives.
Alle angegebenen Porzentverhältnisse ergänzen sich auf 100. Das gilt auch für eventuell noch mitverwendete weitere Stoffe. Lediglich die angegebenen Mengen an Aldehyden und anderen desin fizierenden Stoffen, die dem Reinigungsmittel nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform noch beigemischt werden und vor allem die desinfizierende und keimtötende Wirkung ganz erheblich verbessern, verstehen sich zusätzlich zu den auf 100 addierten Bestandteilen des Reinigungsmittels. An sich begegnen Aldehyde, insbesondere Formaldehyd, ihrer toxischen Wirkung wegen erheblichen Bedenken, noch dazu in der hier vorgesehenen Verwendung in Geschirrspülmaschinen. Es hat sich aber ergeben, daß bei Verwendung eines Gemisches aus Formaldehyd, Glutaraldehyd und Glyoxal der Anteil der einzelnen Substanzen im Aldehydgemisch so niedrig ist, daß er unterhalb der toxischen Grenze liegt. Vorzugsweise ist das Verhältnis von Formaldehyd zu Glutaraldehyd zu Glyoxal in etwa 1 : 1 : 10. Eingesetzt werden sie in Mengen bis zu 5 Gewichtsteilen, bezogen auf 100 Gewichtsteile des erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittels. Durch diesen Zusatz wird die Keimabtötung und Desinfektion so vervollkommnet, daß bei den üblichen Tests praktisch keine Keime mehr festgestellt werden. Auch das trägt erheblich dazu bei, Alkalipolyphosphate äußerst stark reduzieren oder ganz wegfallen lassen zu können und bei niederer Temperatur zu reinigen.All of the percentages stated add up to 100. This also applies to any other substances that may also be used. Only the specified amounts of aldehydes and other desin substances which are added to the cleaning agent according to a preferred embodiment and, above all, significantly improve the disinfecting and germicidal effect are understood in addition to the 100 components of the cleaning agent. Aldehydes, in particular formaldehyde, encounter each other because of their toxic effects due to considerable concerns, and moreover in the use provided here in dishwashers. However, it has been found that when a mixture of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde and glyoxal is used, the proportion of the individual substances in the aldehyde mixture is so low that it is below the toxic limit. The ratio of formaldehyde to glutaraldehyde to glyoxal is preferably approximately 1: 1: 10. They are used in amounts of up to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the cleaning agent according to the invention. With this addition, the germ killing and disinfection is so perfected that practically no germs are found in the usual tests. This also contributes significantly to being able to reduce alkali polyphosphates extremely strongly or to be able to drop them entirely and to clean them at low temperatures.
Da diese Aldehyde flüssig sind, bzw. in flüssiger Form eingesetzt werden (Formalin), eignen sich Reinigungsmittel mit diesem Zusatz besonders als Flüssigreiniger. Für pulverförmige Reinigungsmittel wird zweckmäßig das Flüssigkeits-Aldehydgemisch in der erforderlichen Menge auf das Pulver aufgesprüht.Since these aldehydes are liquid or are used in liquid form (formalin), cleaning agents with this additive are particularly suitable as liquid cleaners. For powder detergents, the liquid / aldehyde mixture is expediently sprayed onto the powder in the required amount.
Eine ähnliche Wirkung wie die Aldehyde entfalten nachfolgende Stoffe: Peressigsäure, Peroxide, Wasserstoffsuperoxid, Bernsteinsäuredialdehyd, Biguanide und quarternäre Ammoniumverbindungen wie Dialkyl-Dimethyl-Ammoniumchlorid, Alkyl-Dimethyl-Benzyl-Ammoniumchlorid und Alkyl-Methyl-Äthyl-Benzyl-Ammoniumchlorid. Sie haben den Vorteil, daß sie nicht den Bedenken begegnen, die heute Aldehyden generell entgegengebracht werden. Alkyl in obigen Verbindungen bedeutet einen aliphatischen Rest mit 1 bis 7 C-Atomen.The following substances have a similar effect to the aldehydes: peracetic acid, peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, succinic acid dialdehyde, biguanides and quaternary ammonium compounds such as dialkyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride, alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride and alkyl-methyl-ethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride. They have the advantage that they do not meet the concerns that aldehydes are generally raised today. Alkyl in the above compounds means an aliphatic radical having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
Bei Einsatz des Reinigungsmittels als Flüssig-Reinigungsmittel entsprechen die prozentualen Anteile im Wesentlichen denen des pulverförmigen Reinigungsmittels. Das Stoffgemisch wird zweckmäßig in etwa 30 %iger Konzentration in Wasser aufgelöst. Lediglich bei Borax als sauerstoffaktiver Substanz ist zweckmäßig eine höhere Konzentration bis zu 50 % zu wählen.When the cleaning agent is used as a liquid cleaning agent, the percentages essentially correspond to those of the powdered cleaning agent. The mixture of substances is appropriately dissolved in water at a concentration of about 30%. Only with borax as an oxygen-active substance is it advisable to choose a higher concentration up to 50%.
Für den Fall, daß sich, insbesondere bei einem Flüssig-Reinigungsmittel, die einzelnen Bestandteile des Reinigungsmittels gegenseitig beeinflusssen, miteinander reagieren oder sich zersetzen, liegen im Reinigungsmittel wahlweise folgende Bestandteile als getrennte Komponenten vor:
- a. Alkalimetasilikate und gegebenenfalls Alkalipolyphosphat und aktivchlorhaltige Substanz einerseits und Alkalimetasilikat und gegebenenfalls Alkalipolyphosphat und aktivsauerstoffhaltige Substanz andererseits
oder - b. Alkalimetasilikat und gegebenenfalls Alkalipolyphosphat und aktivchlorhaltige Substanz einerseits und aktivsauerstoffhaltige Substanz andererseits
oder - c. Alkalimetasilikate und gegebenenfalls Alkalipolyphosphate und sauerstoffhaltige Substanz einerseits und aktivchlorhaltige Substanz andererseits,
- a. Alkali metasilicate and optionally alkali polyphosphate and active chlorine-containing substance on the one hand and alkali metal silicate and optionally alkali polyphosphate and active oxygen-containing substance on the other
or - b. Alkali metasilicate and optionally alkali polyphosphate and active chlorine-containing substance on the one hand and substance containing active oxygen on the other
or - c. Alkali metal silicates and optionally alkali polyphosphates and oxygen-containing substance on the one hand and active chlorine-containing substance on the other hand,
Beim Einsatz der Reinigungsmittel ist besonders bevorzugt der Einsatz in Blockform, weil diese in sehr einfacher Form über geeignete Dosiergeräte eine exakte Zudosierung zur Reinigungsvorrichtung gestatten. Diese Einsatzform hat auch den Vorteil, daß zweckmäßig einzelne Komponenten des Reinigungsmittels oder unterschiedliche Zusammensetzungen in Form mehrerer Blöcke eingesetzt und das Reinigungsmittel aus standardisierten Zusammensetzungen je nach den Erfordernissen des zu reinigenden Geschirrs optimal kombiniert werden kann.When using the cleaning agents, the use in block form is particularly preferred because, in a very simple form, suitable metering devices allow exact metering to the cleaning device. This form of use also has the advantage that individual components of the cleaning agent or different compositions in the form of several blocks are expediently used and the cleaning agent can be optimally combined from standardized compositions depending on the requirements of the dishes to be cleaned.
Die Herstellung eines solchen blockförmigen Reinigungsmittels erfolgte bisher durch Aufschmelzen der Komponenten und Eingießen der Schmelze in einen Dosierbehälter. Dieses Verfahren ist insofern nachteilig, da dabei wiederum Energie verbraucht wird. Außerdem können sich bestimmte Bestandteile des Reinigungsmittels beim Aufschmelzen zersetzen.Such a block-shaped cleaning agent has hitherto been produced by melting the components and pouring the melt into a metering container. This method is disadvantageous in that it in turn consumes energy. In addition, certain components of the cleaning agent can decompose during melting.
Ein bevorzugtes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Reinigungsmittels in Blockform besteht deshalb darin, das vermischte Pulver mit ca. 10 bis 20 Gewichtsteilen Wasser anzuteigen, in einen Dosierbehälter einzubringen und darin erstarren und aushärten zu lassen.A preferred method for producing a cleaning agent in block form is therefore to mix the mixed powder with about 10 to 20 parts by weight of water, to introduce it into a metering container and to allow it to solidify and harden.
Nachfolgend wird an Hand von einigen Rezepturen die Erfindung an bevorzugten Beispielen näher erläutert:
- 1. Pulverförmiges Reinigungsmittel mit aktivchlorhaltiger Substanz:
- a. 85 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei),
10 Gew.% Natriumdichlorisocyanurat,
5 Gew.% Natriumtripolyphosphat. - b. 75 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
20 Gew.% Natriumdichlorisocyanurat
5 Gew.% Natriumtripolyphosphat.
- a. 85 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei),
- 2. Pulverförmiges Reinigungsmittel mit aktivsauerstoffhaltiger Substanz:
- a. 75 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
20 Gew.% Natriumperborat-Monohydrat
5 Gew.% Natriumpolyphosphat. - b. 75 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
20 Gew.% Natriumtetraborat-Dekahydrat (Borax)
5 Gew.% Natriumpolyphosphat. - c. 85 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
15 Gew.% Natriumtetraborat-Dekahydrat (Borax) - d. 70 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei),
25 Gew.% Natriumtetraborat-Dekahydrat (Borax)
5 Gew.% Natriumtripolyphosphat
- a. 75 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
- 3. Pulverförmiges Reinigungsmittel mit aktivchlorhaltiger und aktivsauerstoffhaltiger Substanz:
63 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei),
24 Gew.% Natriumtetraborat-Dekahydrat (Borax),
10 Gew.% Natriumdichlorisocyanurat,
3 Gew.% Natriumtripolyphosphat
- 1. Powdery cleaning agent with active chlorine-containing substance:
- a. 85% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous),
10% by weight sodium dichloroisocyanurate,
5% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate. - b. 75% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
20% by weight sodium dichloroisocyanurate
5% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate.
- a. 85% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous),
- 2. Powdery cleaning agent with active oxygen-containing substance:
- a. 75% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
20% by weight sodium perborate monohydrate
5% by weight sodium polyphosphate. - b. 75% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
20% by weight sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax)
5% by weight sodium polyphosphate. - c. 85% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
15% by weight sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax) - d. 70% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous),
25% by weight sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax)
5% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate
- a. 75% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
- 3. Powdery cleaning agent with active chlorine and active oxygen substance:
63% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous),
24% by weight sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax),
10% by weight sodium dichloroisocyanurate,
3% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate
Alle diese pulverförmigen Reinigungsmittel können auch zu Blökken geformt werden und haben in Blockform all die bereits erwähnten Vorteile.
- 4. Flüssiges Reinigungsmittel mit aktivsauerstoffhaltiger Substanz:
- a. 25 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
3 Gew.% Natriumtetraborat-Dekahydrat (Borax)
1,5 Gew.% Natriumtripolyphosphat
Rest Wasser/Isopropanol-Gemisch - b. 25 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
5 Gew.% Natriumperborat-Tetrahydrat
1,5 Gew.% Natriumtripolyphosphat
Rest Wasser - c. 25 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
20 Gew.% Natriumtetraborat-Dekahydrat (Borax)
1,5 Gew.% Natriumtripolyphosphat
Rest Wasser/Isopropanol
- a. 25 Gew.% Natriummetasilikat (wasserfrei)
- 4. Liquid detergent with active oxygen-containing substance:
- a. 25% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
3% by weight sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax)
1.5% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate
Remainder water / isopropanol mixture - b. 25% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
5% by weight sodium perborate tetrahydrate
1.5% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate
Rest of water - c. 25% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
20% by weight sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax)
1.5% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate
Balance water / isopropanol
- a. 25% by weight sodium metasilicate (anhydrous)
An sich ist Borax nur zu etwa 3 % in Wasser löslich. In der Kombination mit Natriummetasilikat und Natriumtripolyphosphat läßt sich die Löslichkeit jedoch ganz beträchtlich steigern, so daß sogar 20 %, wie im Beispiel 3c, noch glatt gelöst werden.
- 5. Flüssiges Reinigungsmittel mit aktivchlorhaltiger Substanz:
Komponente A: 25,0 Gew.-Teile Natriummetasilikat
1,5 Gew.-Teile Natriumtripolyphosphat
73,5 Gew.-Teile Wasser
Komponente B: 100 Gew.-Teile Natriumhypochlorit-Bleichlauge
Die Komponenten A und B werden getrennt aufbewahrt und der Geschirrspülmaschine zugegeben. - 6. Klarspülmittel:
- a. 10 Gew.-Teile eines Adduktes aus 4 Mol Ethylenoxid und 6 Mol Propylenoxid an 1 Mol eines linearen Fettalkoholgemisches mit 12 bis 14 C-Atomen,
5 Gew.-Teile Isopropanol, - b. 30 Gew.-Teile des Adduktes gemäß a.
10 Gew.-Teile Isopropanol - c. 20. Gew.-Teile des Adduktes gemäß a.
10 Gew.-Teile Cumolsulfonat. - d. 10 Gew.-Teile eines Adduktes aus 4 Mol Ethylenoxid und 6 Mol Propylenoxid an 1 Mol eines linearen Fettalkoholgemisches mit 10 bis 12 C-Atomen,
5 Gew.-Teile Isopropanol. - e. 50 Gew.-Teile eines Adduktes aus 4 Mol Ethylenoxid und 6 Mil Propylenoxid an 1 Mol eines linearen Fettalkoholgemisches mit 10 bis 12 C-Atomen,
20 Gew.-Teile Isopropanol. - f. 30 Gew.-Teile eines Adduktes aus 4 Mol Ethylenoxid und 6 Mol Propylenoxid an 1 Mol eines linearen Fettalkoholgemisches mit 10 bis 12 C-Atomen,
10 Gew.-Teile Cumolsulfonat.
- a. 10 Gew.-Teile eines Adduktes aus 4 Mol Ethylenoxid und 6 Mol Propylenoxid an 1 Mol eines linearen Fettalkoholgemisches mit 12 bis 14 C-Atomen,
- 5. Liquid detergent with active chlorine-containing substance:
Component A: 25.0 parts by weight of sodium metasilicate
1.5 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate
73.5 parts by weight of water
Component B: 100 parts by weight of sodium hypochlorite bleach
Components A and B are stored separately and added to the dishwasher. - 6. Rinse aid:
- a. 10 parts by weight of an adduct of 4 mol of ethylene oxide and 6 mol of propylene oxide and 1 mol of a linear fatty alcohol mixture having 12 to 14 carbon atoms,
5 parts by weight of isopropanol, - b. 30 parts by weight of the adduct according to a.
10 parts by weight of isopropanol - c. 20. parts by weight of the adduct according to a.
10 parts by weight of cumene sulfonate. - d. 10 parts by weight of an adduct of 4 mol of ethylene oxide and 6 mol of propylene oxide with 1 mol of a linear fatty alcohol mixture having 10 to 12 carbon atoms,
5 parts by weight of isopropanol. - e. 50 parts by weight of an adduct of 4 mol of ethylene oxide and 6 mils of propylene oxide and 1 mol of a linear fatty alcohol mixture having 10 to 12 carbon atoms,
20 parts by weight of isopropanol. - f. 30 parts by weight of an adduct of 4 mol of ethylene oxide and 6 mol of propylene oxide and 1 mol of a linear fatty alcohol mixture having 10 to 12 carbon atoms,
10 parts by weight of cumene sulfonate.
- a. 10 parts by weight of an adduct of 4 mol of ethylene oxide and 6 mol of propylene oxide and 1 mol of a linear fatty alcohol mixture having 12 to 14 carbon atoms,
In einer Dreitankspülmaschine des Typs Hobart FTE werden 0,5 g/Liter des Reinigungsmittels nach 2 b dem letzten Tank vor der Klarspülung zudosiert und die Temperatur auf 40 °C durch Ausstellen der Tankheizung heruntergeregelt. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß sich durch das zugeführte Klarspülfrischwasser, das auf 50 °C heruntergeregelt ist, die Temperatur in den Waschtanks automatisch auf 40 °C herunterkühlt, weil die Waschtanks bei diesem Verfahren nicht mehr separat aufgeheizt werden.In a three-tank dishwasher of the Hobart FTE type, 0.5 g / liter of the detergent is added after 2 b to the last tank before the final rinse and the temperature is reduced to 40 ° C by switching off the tank heating. This happens because the rinse fresh water supplied, which is regulated down to 50 ° C, automatically cools the temperature in the wash tanks down to 40 ° C, because the wash tanks are no longer heated separately in this process.
Dem Klarspülwasser wird in die Druckleitung ein Klarspülmittel gemäß Beispiel 6 d mit 0,1 g/Liter zudosiert.A rinse aid according to Example 6d is added to the rinse water at 0.1 g / liter in the pressure line.
Das nach dem Spülprozeß erhaltene Geschirr ist wassertropfenfrei abgetrocknet und einwandfrei ohne Stärke- und Eiweißreste (Nachweis durch Jodtest) oberflächengereinigt.The dishes obtained after the rinsing process have been dried without water drops and have been perfectly cleaned without starch and protein residues (detection by iodine test).
Der Erreger streptococcus faecium, der sich als der resistenteste seiner Art herausgestellt hat, wurde selbst bei einer hohen Vorcontamination von 10⁸/ml bzw. Geschirrteil auf einen Reduktionsfaktor von log 6 gebracht. Das bedeutet eine bessere Hygieneleistung als die von der Gesellschaft für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie aufgestellte Norm mit Reduktionsfaktor log 5. Die bisher praktizierten Reinigungsverfahren, die bei 60 bis 70 °C Reinigungstemperatur und 80 bis 90 °C Klarspültemperatur arbeiteten, erreichten häufig noch nicht einmal den von der Norm geforderten Wert.The pathogen streptococcus faecium, which has proven to be the most resistant of its kind, was brought to a reduction factor of log 6 even with a high pre-contamination of 10⁸ / ml or dishes. This means better hygiene performance than the standard set by the Society for Hygiene and Microbiology with a reduction factor of log 5. The cleaning methods previously used, which worked at a cleaning temperature of 60 to 70 ° C and a rinsing temperature of 80 to 90 ° C, often did not even reach that of the value required by the standard.
Hervorgehoben wird noch einmal, daß zur Erzielung des synergistischen Effekts und des erfindungswesentlichen Zusammentreffens der Tenside des Klarspülmittels mit dem Reinigungsmittel die Klarspülflotte im Gegenstromverfahren in die Tanks des Haupt- und Vorspülganges überführt werden muß. Die Tenside des Klarspülmittels erfüllen damit eine Doppelfunktion, nämlich einmal das Klarspülen und rückstandsfreie Trocknen des Geschirrs, zum anderen durch die Überführung in die Reinigungsflüssigkeit die effektive Reinigung mit umweltfreundlichen Substanzen unter beträchtlicher Energieeinsparung.It is emphasized once again that in order to achieve the synergistic effect and the meeting of the surfactants of the rinse aid with the detergent essential to the invention, the rinse liquor must be transferred into the tanks of the main and pre-rinse cycle in a countercurrent process. The surfactants of the rinse aid thus fulfill a double function, namely rinsing and drying the dishes without leaving any residue, and on the other hand transferring them into the cleaning liquid to effectively clean them with environmentally friendly substances with considerable energy savings.
Claims (18)
die Reinigung bei Temperaturen von 25 bis 45 °C mit 0,3 bis 6 g/Liter eines Reinigungsmittels erfolgt, das zu
60 bis 90 Gew.% Alkalimetasilikat,
1 bis 40 Gew.% aktivchlor- und/oder aktivsauerstoffhaltige Substanzen und
0 bis 5 Gew.% Alkaliphosphat
enthält und das Klarspülen bei Temperaturen von 30 bis 60 °C mit 0,05 bis 0,2 des separat eingespeisten Tensids erfolgt und Reinigungs- und Klarspülmittel in synergistischem Zusammenwirken bei der Reinigung zusammentreffen.1.Procedure for cleaning, disinfecting and rinsing dishes in commercial dishwashers using detergents based on alkali metal silicates, substances containing active chlorine and / or active oxygen, optionally with the addition of alkali polyphosphates and disinfectants, and a rinse aid in the form of a surfactant based on Adducts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide with higher molecular weight polyalkylene glycols or with fatty alcohols with 10 to 18 carbon atoms, characterized in that
cleaning at temperatures of 25 to 45 ° C with 0.3 to 6 g / liter of a cleaning agent that is too
60 to 90% by weight alkali metasilicate,
1 to 40% by weight of active chlorine and / or active oxygen-containing substances and
0 to 5 wt% alkali phosphate
contains and the rinse is carried out at temperatures from 30 to 60 ° C with 0.05 to 0.2 of the separately fed surfactant and detergent and rinse aid come together in synergistic interaction during cleaning.
75 bis 80 Gew.% Alkalimetasilikat,
1 bis 20 Gew.% aktivchlor- und/oder aktivsauerstoffhaltige Substanzen und
0 bis 5 Gew.% Alkaliphosphate enthält.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cleaning is carried out with a cleaning agent which
75 to 80% by weight alkali metasilicate,
1 to 20% by weight of active chlorine and / or active oxygen-containing substances and
Contains 0 to 5 wt.% Alkali phosphates.
60 bis 90 Gew.% vorzugsweise aus 75 bis 80 Gew.% Alkalimetasilikat,
1 bis 40 Gew.% vorzugsweise etwa 10 bis 25 Gew.% einer aktivchlor- und/oder aktivsauerstoffhaltigen Substanz und
0 bis 5 Gew.% Alkalipolyphosphaten
besteht.5. cleaning agent, in particular for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it consists of a powdery agent
60 to 90% by weight, preferably from 75 to 80% by weight of alkali metal silicate,
1 to 40% by weight, preferably about 10 to 25% by weight, of a substance containing active chlorine and / or active oxygen and
0 to 5% by weight of alkali polyphosphates
consists.
Peressigsäure, Peroxide, Wasserstoffsuperoxid, Bernsteinsäuredialdehyd, Biguanide und quaternäre, schaumarme Ammoniumverbindungen.13. Cleaning agent according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that it additionally contains up to 5% by weight of one of the following substances based on 100 parts by weight of the cleaning agent:
Peracetic acid, peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, succinic acid dialdehyde, biguanides and quaternary, low-foaming ammonium compounds.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19883832885 DE3832885A1 (en) | 1988-09-28 | 1988-09-28 | METHOD FOR MACHINE CLEANING, DISINFECTING AND RINSING DISHES AND THE APPROPRIATE AGENT |
| DE3832885 | 1988-09-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0361380A2 true EP0361380A2 (en) | 1990-04-04 |
| EP0361380A3 EP0361380A3 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
Family
ID=6363877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19890117721 Withdrawn EP0361380A3 (en) | 1988-09-28 | 1989-09-26 | Process for the mechanical cleaning, disinfecting and rinsing of dishes, and means suited therefor |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0361380A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH02196897A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3832885A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997029859A1 (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1997-08-21 | Henkel-Ecolab Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Method of cleaning drink bottles |
| EP0808894A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-11-26 | CHEMISCHE FABRIK DR. WEIGERT (GMBH & CO.) | Method for cleaning cutlery |
| WO2001025388A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for promoting sanitization of articles during post-wash stage of automatic dishwashing |
| WO2008125557A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-23 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Use of acyl ureas in detergents and cleaning agents |
| WO2010144307A1 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-16 | Premark Feg L.L.C. | Conveyor dishwasher for washing washware, and method for operating a conveyor dishwasher of this kind |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005025041A1 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-07 | Bell Flavors & Fragrances Duft Und Aroma Gmbh | Means for use in dishwashers and apparatus for its metered introduction during the rinsing and drying phases |
| JP4947262B2 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2012-06-06 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | Detergent composition for automatic dishwasher |
| JP5282859B2 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2013-09-04 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | Cleaning composition for baby bottle |
| JP4947265B2 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2012-06-06 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | Environmental hygiene cleaning composition |
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| GB641902A (en) * | 1947-09-01 | 1950-08-23 | Deodor X Company Of England Lt | Improvements in and relating to detergent compositions |
| CA690696A (en) * | 1961-01-27 | 1964-07-14 | Bohme Fettchemie Gmbh | Washing agents and process for machine washing of dishes |
| US3504041A (en) * | 1966-02-14 | 1970-03-31 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Nonionic condensation products having enhanced activity |
| DE1912364A1 (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1970-11-05 | Bosch Hausgeraete Gmbh | Dishwasher |
| DE2106819C3 (en) * | 1971-02-12 | 1978-11-16 | Henkel Kgaa, 4000 Duesseldorf | Rinse aid for machine dishwashing |
| BE787398A (en) * | 1971-08-10 | 1973-02-12 | Basf Ag | OXALCOYL ALCOHOLS AND DETERGENT PREPARATIONS CONTAINING THEM AS ANTI-FOAMS |
| AT330930B (en) * | 1973-04-13 | 1976-07-26 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SOLID, SPILLABLE DETERGENTS OR CLEANING AGENTS WITH A CONTENT OF CALCIUM BINDING SUBSTANCES |
| AT331950B (en) * | 1973-12-12 | 1976-08-25 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | METHOD OF MACHINE REELING OF DISHES AND MEANS OF CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
| DE2501325A1 (en) * | 1975-01-15 | 1976-07-22 | Walter Milbradt | Powdered germicidal pre-wash compsn - contains paraformaldehyde and soda, is effective at low temps and provides innocuous effluent |
| FR2313081A1 (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1976-12-31 | Dick Pierre | Disinfectant compsn. contg. dialdehyde esp. glutaraldehyde - and amphoteric surfactant(s) |
| CA1120819A (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1982-03-30 | Jurgen W.K. Gromer | Detergent tablet |
| JPS55108499A (en) * | 1978-11-07 | 1980-08-20 | Procter & Gamble | Alkaline dish washer detergent |
| EP0032236B1 (en) * | 1980-01-12 | 1984-02-15 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Dishwashing detergent |
| DE3167847D1 (en) * | 1980-09-24 | 1985-01-31 | Unilever Nv | Mechanical dishwashing process and apparatus |
| DE3138425A1 (en) * | 1981-09-26 | 1983-04-14 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | "USE OF A PASTOESE CLEANER IN DISHWASHER" |
| DE3206662A1 (en) * | 1982-02-25 | 1983-09-01 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Process for mechanical dishwashing using mixtures of dicarboxylic acids |
| DE3309243A1 (en) * | 1983-03-15 | 1984-09-20 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Method for the cleaning of dishes in rinsing containers of dishwashers |
| DE3447291A1 (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1986-06-26 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | PHOSPHATE-FREE AGENT FOR MACHINE DISHWASHER |
| DE3512120A1 (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-16 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Clear rinsing agent for mechanical dishwashing |
| DE3519354A1 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-04 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | MELT BLOCK-SHAPED ALKALINE HYDROXIDE-FREE AGENT FOR THE MACHINE CLEANING OF DISHES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE3519355A1 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-04 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | MELT BLOCK-SHAPED, ALKALINE HYDROXIDE AND ACTIVE CHLORINE-CONTAINING AGENT FOR THE MACHINE CLEANING OF DISHES AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
| DE3541147A1 (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-05-27 | Henkel Kgaa | CLEANER COMPACT |
| DE3541153A1 (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-05-27 | Henkel Kgaa | MULTILAYER DETERGENT IN MELT BLOCK SHAPE |
| DE3541145A1 (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1987-05-27 | Henkel Kgaa | UNIFORMED DETERGENT TABLETS FOR MACHINE DISHWASHER |
| DE3641111A1 (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-16 | Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | METHOD FOR OPERATING A HOUSEHOLD DISHWASHER |
| DE3707366A1 (en) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-15 | Diversey Gmbh | METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS MACHINE CLEANING OF CLEANING UTENSILS |
-
1988
- 1988-09-28 DE DE19883832885 patent/DE3832885A1/en active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-09-26 EP EP19890117721 patent/EP0361380A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-09-28 JP JP25083789A patent/JPH02196897A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997029859A1 (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1997-08-21 | Henkel-Ecolab Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Method of cleaning drink bottles |
| EP0808894A1 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1997-11-26 | CHEMISCHE FABRIK DR. WEIGERT (GMBH & CO.) | Method for cleaning cutlery |
| WO2001025388A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for promoting sanitization of articles during post-wash stage of automatic dishwashing |
| WO2008125557A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-23 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Use of acyl ureas in detergents and cleaning agents |
| WO2010144307A1 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-16 | Premark Feg L.L.C. | Conveyor dishwasher for washing washware, and method for operating a conveyor dishwasher of this kind |
| DE102009024569A1 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2011-04-07 | Premark Feg L.L.C., Wilmington | Transport dishwasher for rinsing items to be washed and method for operating such a conveyor dishwasher |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3832885A1 (en) | 1990-04-05 |
| EP0361380A3 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
| DE3832885C2 (en) | 1992-01-30 |
| JPH02196897A (en) | 1990-08-03 |
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