EP0362165A1 - Verfahren zum Abgeben elektromagnetischer Leistung von einem Antennenelement - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Abgeben elektromagnetischer Leistung von einem Antennenelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0362165A1
EP0362165A1 EP89850199A EP89850199A EP0362165A1 EP 0362165 A1 EP0362165 A1 EP 0362165A1 EP 89850199 A EP89850199 A EP 89850199A EP 89850199 A EP89850199 A EP 89850199A EP 0362165 A1 EP0362165 A1 EP 0362165A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polarization
angle
antenna element
receiver
antenna
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89850199A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0362165B1 (de
Inventor
Mats Rustan Andersson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Publication of EP0362165A1 publication Critical patent/EP0362165A1/de
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Publication of EP0362165B1 publication Critical patent/EP0362165B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of feeding out electromagnetic power in an antenna element or an antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements.
  • the method is primarily intended to be utilized in antenna elements mounted on the surface of an airborne vechicle satellite.
  • circularly polarized antennas i.e. antennas which transit circularly polarized radiation, and which have a very wide covering area. If the antenna must be mounted on the surface of the aircraft or the satellite, due to aerodynamic requirements, only limited coverage can be achieved by circular polarization, as described, e.g., by R. J. Mailloux "Phased array aircraft antennas for satellite communications", Microwave Journal Oct. 1977, p. 38. The reason is that circular polarization can be regarded as a combination of a vertical and a horizontall polarization with 90 o phase shift.
  • the horizontal polarization component of the field which is thus parallel to the surface of the vehicle, will be short-circuited while the vertical polarization component at right angles to the surface is only decreased or attenuated by a certain amount (approximately 3.2 dB).
  • a horizontal and a vertical polarization component are respectively defined as components parallel and perpendicular to an electrically conductive surface (the surface of the vehicle).
  • the loss in a circular-polarized antenna outside the vehicle will be a further 6 dB, however, of which 3 dB is because only vertical polarization can be seen, and a further 3 dB in the feed network, since both polarization components are fed.
  • the object of the present invention is to increase the transmitting power of an antenna mounted on the surface of an airborne vehicle which is fed with circular polarization and for different reception angles in the elevation direction.
  • FIG 1 there is illustrated an aircraft surface 1, on which an antenna element is disposed.
  • the antenna element can receive or transmit a field with two feed polarizations, the components of which are denoted M1 and M2, where M1 is perpendicular to M2, although both are in the same horizontal plane.
  • the feed field from the antenna waveguide is circularly polarized in this case, and the planes of both components are in the same plane as that of the aircraft surface 1.
  • Figure 2 is a depiction of the field about a feed polarization component M1. This gives rise to a field about the antenna element 4 which contains a vertical polarization V1 and a horizontal polarization H1. The field is here linearly polarized.
  • FIG 3 illustrates the two feed polarizations M1 and M2, which according to Figure 2 each can be divided into a vertical and a horizontal polarization component.
  • a circularly polarized feed field can thus be regarded conventio­nally as two orthogonal polarizations V1, H1 and V2, H2, where the H component is phase-shifted 90 o in relation to the V component.
  • Each of the polarizations M1 and M2 can resolve into linearly vertical or horizontal polarization depending on from what azimuth angle ⁇ they are observed.
  • the angle of elevation for transmitting to different receivers is denoted by ⁇ in Figure 1. It is obvious that for large elevation angles ⁇ the components H1 and H2 will be short-circuited in the conductive aircraft surface 1.
  • FIG. 4 is simplified block diagram of an antenna feed for carrying out the method in accordance with the invention. It comprises a switch means 4, which receives an incoming microwave signal, which is to be fed out to the antenna element 2 and be transmitted to a given receiver.
  • the switch means 4 is controlled by a signal giving the values of the angles ⁇ , ⁇ applying to the receiver in question, and according to the conditions set out above.
  • the switch means 4 may comprise, for example, a circular wave conductor, two switches and a power divider.
  • the circular wave conductor is provided with two probes which are inserted in the wave conductor wall, one probe being displaced at 90 o to the the other.
  • the power divider can divide the incoming microwave signal into two waves of equal power when it is switched into the circuit.
  • the power divider is switched out of the circuit and the input signal is either connected to one or the other probes depending on the value of the azimuth angle ⁇ , which applies to the receiver in question (as will be seen from below).
  • Either M1 or M2 is fed out in response to the azimuth angle ⁇ , and a lineary polarized field is obtained.
  • the waveguide 5 can comprise, for example, an extension of the circular waveguide included in the switch means 4.
  • the following table states within which azimuth angle interval the different feeds are used: Angular interval ⁇ Angular interval ⁇ Feed component polarization ⁇ 60 o Immaterial M1, M2 190 o circular ⁇ >60 o 45 o ⁇ 135 o M1 225 o ⁇ 305 o linear ⁇ >60 o 305 o ⁇ 360 o ;0 ⁇ 45 o M2 135 o ⁇ 225 o linear
  • Figure 5 is a simplified directivity graph for the circularly polarized field, graph 1, and for five different linearly polarized fields, graphs 2,3,4,5 and 6, where the latter are dependent on ten different values of the azimuth angle ⁇ , according to the following:

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP89850199A 1988-09-27 1989-06-16 Verfahren zum Abgeben elektromagnetischer Leistung von einem Antennenelement Expired - Lifetime EP0362165B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8803418 1988-09-27
SE8803418A SE462131B (sv) 1988-09-27 1988-09-27 Foerfarande att utmata elektromagnetisk effekt med olika polarisationer fraan ett antennelement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0362165A1 true EP0362165A1 (de) 1990-04-04
EP0362165B1 EP0362165B1 (de) 1995-05-17

Family

ID=20373453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89850199A Expired - Lifetime EP0362165B1 (de) 1988-09-27 1989-06-16 Verfahren zum Abgeben elektromagnetischer Leistung von einem Antennenelement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4947182A (de)
EP (1) EP0362165B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1327075C (de)
DE (1) DE68922682T2 (de)
SE (1) SE462131B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112290228A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-01-29 成都信息工程大学 一种线-圆极化可重构天线及防雷方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7068235B2 (en) * 2004-07-26 2006-06-27 Row 44, Llc Antenna system
SE543682C2 (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-06-01 Requtech Ab Antenna array with cross-polarization leakage suppression

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215957A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-02 Bendix Corp Variable polarization for microwaves
US3938158A (en) * 1973-12-19 1976-02-10 Raytheon Company Antenna element for circular or linear polarization
US4410891A (en) * 1979-12-14 1983-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microstrip antenna with polarization diversity
EP0291233A2 (de) * 1987-05-11 1988-11-17 Hazeltine Corporation In die Flugzeughaut integrierte Mehrmoden-Rundumantenne

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4051474A (en) * 1975-02-18 1977-09-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Interference rejection antenna system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3215957A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-02 Bendix Corp Variable polarization for microwaves
US3938158A (en) * 1973-12-19 1976-02-10 Raytheon Company Antenna element for circular or linear polarization
US4410891A (en) * 1979-12-14 1983-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microstrip antenna with polarization diversity
EP0291233A2 (de) * 1987-05-11 1988-11-17 Hazeltine Corporation In die Flugzeughaut integrierte Mehrmoden-Rundumantenne

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112290228A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-01-29 成都信息工程大学 一种线-圆极化可重构天线及防雷方法
CN112290228B (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-03-16 成都信息工程大学 一种线-圆极化可重构天线的防雷方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1327075C (en) 1994-02-15
EP0362165B1 (de) 1995-05-17
US4947182A (en) 1990-08-07
SE462131B (sv) 1990-05-07
DE68922682T2 (de) 1995-10-19
SE8803418L (sv) 1990-03-28
SE8803418D0 (sv) 1988-09-27
DE68922682D1 (de) 1995-06-22

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