EP0364335A1 - Wanderfeld-Röhre mit einer gasdichten Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung - Google Patents

Wanderfeld-Röhre mit einer gasdichten Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0364335A1
EP0364335A1 EP89402725A EP89402725A EP0364335A1 EP 0364335 A1 EP0364335 A1 EP 0364335A1 EP 89402725 A EP89402725 A EP 89402725A EP 89402725 A EP89402725 A EP 89402725A EP 0364335 A1 EP0364335 A1 EP 0364335A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
wave tube
delay line
traveling wave
microwave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89402725A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Tikes
Joel Le Fur
Pierre Nugues
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0364335A1 publication Critical patent/EP0364335A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/48—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type
    • H01J23/50—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type the interaction circuit being a helix or derived from a helix
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/42—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit the interaction circuit being a helix or a helix-derived slow-wave structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a traveling wave tube fitted with a sealed coupling device between its delay line and an external microwave circuit.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to broadband power traveling wave tubes, the delay line of which has the shape of a helix or a shape derived from a helix.
  • a traveling wave tube of this type essentially comprises: - an electron gun intended to emit an electron beam in a substantially rectilinear direction; - a delay line arranged downstream of the electron gun and enclosed in a cylindrical sheath which is concentric with it.
  • the electron beam is emitted in the extension of the longitudinal axis of the delay line, which it crosses from end to end. It is therefore in the sheath of the delay line that the interaction takes place between the electron beam and a microwave wave guided by the delay line.
  • the delay line is provided with an injection device and a device for extracting microwave energy; - a focal point with permanent magnets, concentric with the sheath of the delay line and extending over the entire length of the delay line. This focus creates in the sheath of the delay line a magnetic field having the effect of keeping the trajectories of electrons in the electron beam rectilinear; - a collector intended to collect the electron beam downstream of the delay line.
  • the traveling wave tube is generally connected to the external microwave circuits, on the input side of the delay line as well as on the output side thereof, by means of a connecting member forming one end of a transmission line. of these circuits.
  • this connecting member On the entry side of the delay line, this connecting member, by which the microwave energy is injected, generally has the structure of a coaxial line, the level of energy to be injected being low.
  • this connecting member On the delay line output side, this connecting member, by which the amplified microwave energy is extracted, has either the structure of a coaxial line or the structure of a molded waveguide, according to the level of energy to be extracted.
  • the electromagnetic coupling between a connecting member and one end of the delay line is done by means of a coupling finger having one end brazed to the corresponding end of the helix forming the delay line, and having a coupling surface situated opposite an end surface of the central conductor or of the molding of the connection member, no mechanical contact being established between the coupling finger and the connection member.
  • the various elements of the traveling wave tube and the connecting members form an assembly whose cavities communicate.
  • the parts of this assembly are tightly assembled and the assembly is itself hermetically closed so that the high vacuum (10 ⁇ 6 to 10 ⁇ 9 Torr) necessary for the operation of the electron gun can be created in its cavities.
  • the end of the connecting members opposite to the traveling wave tube is thus closed by a window, called microwave, which is permeable to microwave energy and impermeable to gases.
  • the volume of gas to be pumped in all of the cavities of the traveling wave tube and of the connecting elements is generally much greater than the volume of the cavities where it is functionally necessary to create a vacuum, that is to say -to say the cavities crossed by electrons.
  • the interior volume of a connecting member it is not uncommon for the interior volume of a connecting member to be of the same order of magnitude as the interior volume of the traveling wave tube itself.
  • pumping is most often carried out by the sheath of the delay line, the internal dimensions of which, as it delimits the interactive zone of the tube, are inversely proportional to the operating frequency of the tube, the pumping time for the high frequency tubes reach values incompatible with the requirements of industrial production.
  • the vacuum obtained is not always as high as it would be desirable.
  • a traveling wave tube comprising a sealed coupling device between its delay line and the transmission line of an external microwave circuit.
  • the invention applies to a traveling wave tube comprising a delay line contained in a sheath and a coupling finger for coupling the delay line to a transmission line of an external microwave circuit, the transmission line comprising a internal conductive core having an end surface, the coupling finger having a coupling surface located opposite the end surface of the conductive core of the transmission line.
  • this traveling wave tube comprises a microwave window comprising a wall permeable to microwave energy extending between the coupling surface of the coupling finger and the end surface of the conductive core of the line of transmission, the microwave window being impermeable to gases and being fixed to the traveling wave tube in a gas-tight manner.
  • the pumping of the gases contained in the cavities of the traveling wave tube creates a vacuum only in the traveling wave tube itself and the time required for this operation is considerably reduced compared to that taken in pumping the traveling wave tubes included in the prior art.
  • Figure 1 there is shown the part of a traveling wave tube located at the junction between the delay line 1 of the tube and an external circuit for extracting microwave energy from the tube.
  • the delay line 1 comprises a propeller 3 of axis XX ′, of copper for example, which is held in the center of a cylindrical metallic sheath 4 by three insulating support rods 5 offset by 120 ° one relative to the 'other.
  • the rods 5, which can be, for example, quartz, alumina, glucin or boron nitride, are brazed or clamped on the propeller 3.
  • the end of the sheath 4 located on the outlet side of the delay line 1 (end shown in the figure) abuts one end of a cylindrical conduit 6 which extends to the collector (not shown) of the traveling wave tube.
  • a focusing device is arranged concentrically with the sheath 5 and the conduit 6.
  • This focusing device is constituted by the succession along the axis X-X ′ of permanent annular magnets 7, two neighboring magnets having their polarities reversed.
  • the magnets 7 are separated from each other by annular polar masses 8.
  • a transmission line of an external circuit for extracting microwave energy from the traveling wave tube is coupled to the delay line 1.
  • the transmission line comprises a connecting member 2 having the form d '' a rectangular waveguide with molding.
  • This connecting member is used to establish the junction between the delay line 1 and a waveguide (not shown) of the external circuit.
  • the connecting member 2 comprises a bottom 9 and a cover 10, the bottom having an E-shaped section and comprising a base, two wings 21 perpendicular to the base and a molding 11 equidistant from the wings 21.
  • the molding 11 forms a conductive soul.
  • the connecting member 2 the end of which is defined by a cross section, extends between two polar masses 8 of the focusing device and its longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the axis X-X ′ of the delay line.
  • the microwave coupling between the delay line 1 and the connecting member 2 is carried out by means of a metallic coupling finger 12 having two perpendicular plane wings.
  • a wing 13, of trapezoidal shape is brazed at its free end to the end of the propeller 3.
  • the other wing 14, of rectangular shape is fixed to the sleeve 4, in the extension of the sleeve, at a notch 15 formed at the end of the sheath.
  • the notch 15 releases around the coupling finger an empty space 16 used for impedance matching.
  • the wing 14 of the coupling finger 12 is fixed to the sleeve so as to be parallel to the straight end section of the connecting member 2 and to be located opposite the molding 11.
  • the sleeve 4 has a slot 17 formed in its thickness and extending parallel to the axis of the sleeve. This slot has substantially the same thickness as the rectangular wing 14 of the coupling finger. The end of this wing is plugged into the slot 17 and the attachment of the coupling finger 12 to the sleeve 4 is completed by soldering.
  • the coupling finger 12 does not establish mechanical contact between the propeller 3 and the molding 11 of the connecting member 2.
  • the electromagnetic coupling is provided by capacitive effect between the outer surface of the rectangular wing 14 of the finger of coupling 12 and the end surface of the molding 11, through a microwave window 18 which will now be discussed.
  • the microwave window 18, which is rectangular in shape and fits into the cross section of the connecting member 2, comprises a metal frame 19, for example of ferronickel, and a flat plate 20 made of a low loss dielectric material , very high purity alumina or sapphire, for example.
  • the plate 20 is fixed to the frame 19 by brazing on edge. The window thus produced is permeable to microwave energy and impermeable to gases.
  • the window 18 is fixed in a sealed manner by its frame to the traveling wave tube, between the two pole masses 8 where part of the body extends. connection 2.
  • the window 18 is fixed opposite the coupling finger 12 so that its plate 20 is parallel to the rectangular wing 14, that is to say also to the cross section of the end of the connection 2.
  • the gap between the inner surface of the plate 20 and the surface, located opposite the rectangular wing 14 of the coupling finger is chosen to be as narrow as possible. The same applies to the gap separating the outer surface of the plate 20 and the straight end section of the molding 11.
  • the end of the connecting member 2 can be configured so that the molding 11 protrudes from the cross section of the end of the connecting member.
  • the end of the tubular conduit 6 is bevelled opposite the window 18 so that the interior surface of the plate 20 is completely free from the end of the delay line 1 .
  • the mounting of a traveling wave tube comprising a coupling device is carried out as follows: - Positioning and fixing of the part of the focusing device 8 adjacent to the cover 10 of the connecting member 2; - Positioning and fixing of the part of the focusing device 8 adjacent to the base 9 of the connecting member 2; - fixing of the microwave window 18 between the two polar masses of the focusing device where the connecting element 2 must be engaged; - assembly of the focusing device 8 and the connecting element 2; - assembly and soldering of the delay line assembly 1 - sheath 4 - coupling finger 12, previously assembled, to the focusing assembly 8 - element of connection 2.
  • the assembly is carried out as follows: the coupling finger 12 is brazed to the sheath 4 and the propeller 3 is brazed to the rods 5; then the propeller 3 - rods 5 assembly is introduced into the sheath 4 and is brazed there; finally the end of the propeller 3 is brazed to the coupling finger 12.
  • the measurements in order to verify the proper functioning of the various sets of elements are advantageously carried out before brazing, at the stage of general assembly. In this way the defective assemblies or elements can be discarded before the final assembly.
  • the step of assembling the two sets of elements mentioned above is completed by brazing. After which, the electron gun and the collector are mounted on either side of the delay line, respectively. Finally, the cavities of the traveling wave tube are emptied of the gases they contain.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the invention suitable for the case where the connecting member of the external circuit comprises a coaxial line element.
  • the parts of the traveling wave tube identical to those of the traveling wave tube shown in Figures 1 and 2 have been designated by the same reference numerals. It is noted that these two embodiments do not differ either in the number or in the respective arrangement of their elements but in the conformation of two of them, the connecting member 30 and the microwave window 40.
  • the connecting member 30 consists of a central conductor 31 and an external conductor 32 in the form of a hollow cylinder, separated by a dielectric 33.
  • the central conductor 31 forms a conductive core.
  • the window 40 which has a metal frame 41 and a dielectric plate 42, has a circular shape.
  • the coupling finger 12 can be fixed to the sheath 4 by means of a ring brazed at the end of the sheath 4, the coupling finger extending radially inwards from the periphery of the ring.
  • the transmission line of the external microwave circuit could be connected directly to the traveling wave tube without the intermediary of a connecting member.
  • the surfaces located opposite the coupling finger, the link member and the microwave window could be parallel to an oblique plane to a cross section of the link member. These same surfaces could also not be flat and present a slight curvature.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
EP89402725A 1988-10-11 1989-10-03 Wanderfeld-Röhre mit einer gasdichten Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung Withdrawn EP0364335A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8813342A FR2637731A1 (fr) 1988-10-11 1988-10-11 Tube a onde progressive muni d'un dispositif de couplage etanche entre sa ligne a retard et un circuit hyperfrequence externe
FR8813342 1988-10-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0364335A1 true EP0364335A1 (de) 1990-04-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89402725A Withdrawn EP0364335A1 (de) 1988-10-11 1989-10-03 Wanderfeld-Röhre mit einer gasdichten Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4985659A (de)
EP (1) EP0364335A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02165544A (de)
FR (1) FR2637731A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663463A1 (fr) * 1990-06-19 1991-12-20 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube a ondes progressives muni d'un dispositif de couplage entre sa ligne a retard et un circuit hyperfrequence externe.

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19542525C2 (de) * 1995-11-15 1997-12-11 Krohne Messtechnik Kg Mikrowellenfenster
US5986208A (en) * 1996-03-19 1999-11-16 Pacific Coast Technologies, Inc. Waveguide window assembly and microwave electronics package
FR2747228B1 (fr) * 1996-04-05 1998-07-17 Thomson Csf Ferrite a faibles pertes entre 1 mhz et 100 mhz et procede de realisation
US6483242B1 (en) * 1999-10-25 2002-11-19 Hughes Electronics Corp. Traveling wave tube system with output waveguide-coupler termination
FR2833749B1 (fr) * 2001-12-14 2004-04-02 Thales Sa Refroidissement d'un tube electronique
US7498277B2 (en) * 2003-01-28 2009-03-03 Hbi Branded Apparel Enterprises, Llc Pad printing on textile substrates

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1064117B (de) * 1956-09-15 1959-08-27 Deutsche Elektronik Gmbh Einrichtung zur Auskopplung der in einer Magnetfeldroehre erzeugten Hochfrequenzenergie
FR1434049A (fr) * 1964-05-27 1966-04-01 Siemens Ag Guide d'ondes pour la transmission d'ondes électromagnétiques très courtes, en particulier pour les tubes à ondes millimétriques
FR2054505A1 (de) * 1969-07-18 1971-04-23 Thomson Csf
US3939443A (en) * 1972-01-07 1976-02-17 Finommechanikai Vallalat Frequency-selective coupling for high-frequency electromagnetic waves
FR2485801A1 (fr) * 1980-06-27 1981-12-31 Thomson Csf Dispositif de couplage entre la ligne a retard d'un tube a onde progressive et le circuit externe de transmission de l'energie du tube, et tube a onde progressive comportant un tel dispositif
EP0274950A1 (de) * 1986-12-19 1988-07-20 Thomson-Csf Breitbandige Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen der Verzögerungsleitung einer Wanderfeldröhre und der energieübertragenden Aussenschaltung und Wanderfeldröhre mit einer solchen Vorrichtung

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2770784A (en) * 1952-06-25 1956-11-13 Robert H Hatch Metal painted aperture or window for waveguides
US2849651A (en) * 1952-08-23 1958-08-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tubes
GB796883A (en) * 1955-07-15 1958-06-18 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to window seals closing apertures in metal bodies
NL239266A (de) * 1958-05-15
DE2516428C2 (de) * 1975-04-15 1977-03-24 Siemens Ag Wanderfeldroehre mit einer wendelartigen verzoegerungsleitung
DE2907762A1 (de) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-04 Siemens Ag Gasdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlaessige fensteranordnung in einer koaxialleitung, insbesondere fuer wanderfeldroehren

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1064117B (de) * 1956-09-15 1959-08-27 Deutsche Elektronik Gmbh Einrichtung zur Auskopplung der in einer Magnetfeldroehre erzeugten Hochfrequenzenergie
FR1434049A (fr) * 1964-05-27 1966-04-01 Siemens Ag Guide d'ondes pour la transmission d'ondes électromagnétiques très courtes, en particulier pour les tubes à ondes millimétriques
FR2054505A1 (de) * 1969-07-18 1971-04-23 Thomson Csf
US3939443A (en) * 1972-01-07 1976-02-17 Finommechanikai Vallalat Frequency-selective coupling for high-frequency electromagnetic waves
FR2485801A1 (fr) * 1980-06-27 1981-12-31 Thomson Csf Dispositif de couplage entre la ligne a retard d'un tube a onde progressive et le circuit externe de transmission de l'energie du tube, et tube a onde progressive comportant un tel dispositif
EP0274950A1 (de) * 1986-12-19 1988-07-20 Thomson-Csf Breitbandige Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen der Verzögerungsleitung einer Wanderfeldröhre und der energieübertragenden Aussenschaltung und Wanderfeldröhre mit einer solchen Vorrichtung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663463A1 (fr) * 1990-06-19 1991-12-20 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube a ondes progressives muni d'un dispositif de couplage entre sa ligne a retard et un circuit hyperfrequence externe.
EP0462863A1 (de) * 1990-06-19 1991-12-27 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2637731A1 (fr) 1990-04-13
JPH02165544A (ja) 1990-06-26
US4985659A (en) 1991-01-15

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