EP0367334A1 - Baustein zur Errichtung von Gebäudeteilen durch einfaches Aufeinanderlegen - Google Patents

Baustein zur Errichtung von Gebäudeteilen durch einfaches Aufeinanderlegen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0367334A1
EP0367334A1 EP89202668A EP89202668A EP0367334A1 EP 0367334 A1 EP0367334 A1 EP 0367334A1 EP 89202668 A EP89202668 A EP 89202668A EP 89202668 A EP89202668 A EP 89202668A EP 0367334 A1 EP0367334 A1 EP 0367334A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projections
block
face
building block
square
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89202668A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Odisseas Katsanis
Eva Maria Rosgovas
Minas Ventouris
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0367334A1 publication Critical patent/EP0367334A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building block making it possible to build various works such as walls, columns, houses or bridges by simple superimposition, that is to say by stacking a row of blocks on the previous one, these blocks are 'interpenetrating so that their alignment is respected according to the three dimensions and that they do not require any binder like cement or mortar to ensure the general solidity of the building.
  • a first improvement consisted in providing these blocks with means making it possible to stabilize their position relative to each other in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the wall.
  • these blocks are still expected to be bonded with cement or mortar.
  • Such means effectively prevent any lateral movement of a block relative to another, but in no way a tilting of a brick out of its position.
  • possible shearing forces are well balanced but not the rotational movements around the longitudinal lower edges, movements occurring during the buckling of a wall during an earthquake or other accidents.
  • connection means as illustrated for example in the presentations WO 84/03727, WO 86/04947 or FR 2 498 661 requires the design of several different blocks such as base blocks, half -blocks, blocks in the form of corners to create a homogeneous system allowing the construction of a house in every detail.
  • the invention solves these difficulties by proposing a new building block whose configuration is such that it ensures great regularity and solidity of the parts of the building constructed by simple superposition without the addition of a binder of such blocks.
  • a block must also allow the passage of tubes for supplying water, electricity or the like, or even the passage of metal reinforcing rods considered to be necessary in geographic zones at seismic risk.
  • this block according to the invention must enable it alone to produce all the forms usually encountered in a building and this possibly requiring only slight modifications easily achievable on the site. This uniqueness of configurations should allow a simple worker to get used to its instructions, a prime contractor to simplify his purchase orders and the manufacturer to make his production profitable by large series.
  • a building block comprising on its upper and lower face of the complementary reliefs and on its end faces of the connection elements, reliefs and elements ensuring a three-dimensional alignment of the blocks with respect to each other.
  • the reliefs on the upper face may be in the form of four parallelepipedic projections with a square base located at the four corners of the face and four parrallelepipedic projections whose rectangular base is equivalent to the longitudinal addition of two square bases of angle projections , which second projections are located at one third and two thirds respectively of each of the two longitudinal edges.
  • the reliefs on the lower face can then be in the form of parallelepipedic cavities complementary to the projections of the upper face.
  • Connection elements on the faces end may be on one side in the form of a median vertical tenon of square cross section and on the other side in the form of a complementary median vertical mortise.
  • vertical conduits 300 are provided in the block at a quarter, half and three-quarters of the length as well as at the junction of the tenon 200 and the corresponding end face.
  • the length of the block is equal to nine times the side of the square base of the angle projections and the width is equal to three times the side effectively establishing the value of the interval between the projections at the value of this side.
  • the square cross section of the median vertical post can then also be equal to the square base of the angle projections.
  • the height of the projections can also itself be equal to the side of the square base of the angle projections.
  • the height as measured between the upper face and the lower face of the block can be equal to three times the side of the square base of the angle projections.
  • the side of the square base of the angle projections has a value between 10 and 30 mm.
  • the building block 100 has a general parallelepiped shape with an upper face 103 and a lower face 107.
  • the upper face 103 is completed with parallelepiped protrusions 110, 120 arranged around its periphery while the lower face 107 is hollowed out around its periphery of parallelepipedic cavities 115, 125 in correspondence with the upper protuberances.
  • the four protrusions 120 located at the four corners of the upper face 103 have a square base with side c and a height h.
  • the four protrusions 110 located at one third and two thirds respectively of each of the two longitudinal edges have a rectangular base whose width is equal to c and the length equal to twice c.
  • these protrusions 110 is equal to that h of the protrusions 120. In other words, these protrusions 110 equivalent to the longitudinal addition of two protrusions 120. As can be seen on the Figure 1, the outer face of each of these protrusions extends the side faces of the block 100. These protrusions therefore emerge only upward and not laterally.
  • the cavities of the lower face 107 come in two forms: four cavities with a square base 125 at the four corners of the face and four cavities with a rectangular base 115 located one-third and two-thirds longitudinal edges of this face.
  • This block 100 is further provided at its end faces with connection elements in the form of a vertical median tenon 200 and a vertical median mortise 210.
  • connection elements in the form of a vertical median tenon 200 and a vertical median mortise 210.
  • the cross section of this tenon and its mortise corresponding is square.
  • This pin 200 is present over the entire height of the end face, that is to say it starts from the lower face 107 and continues up to the level of the upper face 103.
  • the block 100 has the additional feature that its length is equal to nine times the side c, that its width is equal to three times the side c and that the width of the post 200 is also equal to this side c.
  • the interval 130 between the protrusions 110 and 120 is also found to be equal to c and the association of the mortise 210 and the two cavities 125 means that the lower edge of this end face has entirely faded away.
  • This particular configuration has proved to be the most advantageous after numerous tests of resistance of the materials because it allows an optimum volume for the protuberances of the upper face 103 and the reliefs remaining on the lower face 107.
  • the value of this side c is between 30 and 45 mm.
  • This block 100 is preferably made by injection under pressure of a mortar into a mold, then drying and cooking. Another technique, certainly more expensive, consists in molding the block 100 in a coarser manner then in completing the form by cutting before drying.
  • this mortar comprises a mixture of cement and fine sand allowing the production of well-defined protuberances.
  • asbestos we can also consider the addition of asbestos to obtain fiber cement blocks.
  • the block can still be produced with concrete of which the size of the stones is not more than 8 mm. Other materials such as clay or adobe can also be used. In any case, it is advisable to use only materials which after drying and / or cooking are absolutely not brittle.
  • transverse conduits in this block 100.
  • four vertical conduits are formed along the longitudinal center line: three conduits 300 respectively to the quarter, half and three-quarters of the length of the block and a last conduit 310 located at the junction between the post 200 and the end face.
  • transverse conduits allow the passage of supply tubes such as electrical wires in plastic sheaths or water supply tubes preferably made of plastic reinforced by a tube. metallic. Given the regular position of these conduits, it is easy to decide on the location on the lateral face of the block 100 for the departure of a transverse orifice opening either in a horizontal or vertical conduit.
  • These conduits can also be used to pass through metal rods or portions of rods provided on one side with a thread and on the other with a nut, thus enabling the wall constructed with such blocks to be reinforced.
  • the lower right cavity 115 of block 104 simultaneously encloses the left protrusion 120 of block 101 and the right protrusion of block 103. It can then be seen that the junction between two blocks arranged longitudinally 101,102 is confirmed by the upper block 105. It can also be seen on the row of upper blocks how the post 200 penetrates into the mortise 210 of its longitudinally adjacent block.
  • the first lower row of blocks is preferably taken from the fresh lower slab.
  • the engagement of the pins 200 in the mortises then allows an alignment of these rigorous blocks even when carried out by an unskilled worker. It is preferable to continue immediately with the second row of blocks immediately confirming the correct lateral and vertical alignment of these initial blocks. Then, the lifting of the walls is done very easily taking into account that the interaction of the protuberances in the cavities requires a rigorous centering of the blocks with respect to each other.
  • an upper block once engaged can no longer be moved in lateral translation, but also can no longer be tilted by rotation along one of its lower edges. Indeed, for a tilting thus defined can be realized, it would be necessary that the lower part at the level of the cavities of the block can cross an area already occupied by the upper part at right angles to the projections. The solidity of this wall therefore depends simultaneously on the weight of the blocks assembled on each other and on the lateral interaction of the projections in the cavities.
  • the vertical conduits 300 In geographic areas with high seismic risk, it is also possible to take advantage of the vertical conduits 300 to pass there metallic bars or better metallic elements 510 of effective height equal to the height of the block 100, screwing into each other. others to create a metal rod.
  • the first of these elements 510 will be taken with the initial block in the mass of the lower slab. Once the wall is mounted, it can be seen that other vertical conduits 300 allow the passage of supply tubes such as electricity 520 or water 530.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the procedure for making a complementary wall at right angles to one of the faces of the house.
  • the best solution is to start the first block of a complementary wall from the middle of one of the blocks of the face wall.
  • the first block of the upper row of the complementary wall can then start by overlapping the side wall as illustrated, which creates an advantageous offset of a protuberance in the side wall and the complementary wall.
  • this complementary wall will be hung every other row in this side wall.
  • reinforcing elements 510 can advantageously be inserted into the vertical duct 300 at the crossing.
  • conduits for supplying electricity 520 or water 530 can be threaded horizontally through the orifices 320.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the procedure for mounting a square section column by group superimposition of three adjacent blocks along their longitudinal side one on top of the other.
  • nine vertical conduits 300 make it possible to arm such a column using metallic elements 510.
  • the building block according to the invention allows an unskilled worker to mount the different parts of a building without error, thanks to the reliefs and elements of connection of blocks ensuring self-alignment and efficient embedding.
  • Walls constructed with such blocks are found to be strong and stable although no concrete has been used. This lack of use of concrete appears to be a great advantage for construction sites because it no longer becomes necessary to store gravel, bags of cement and to use a concrete mixer machine.
  • the use of a single block for all the masonry of a site allows the site manager to optimize his purchase orders and to simplify the instruction to be given to workers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
EP89202668A 1988-10-25 1989-10-23 Baustein zur Errichtung von Gebäudeteilen durch einfaches Aufeinanderlegen Withdrawn EP0367334A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8814305 1988-10-25
FR8814305A FR2638183A1 (fr) 1988-10-25 1988-10-25 Bloc de construction pour l'edification de parties de batiment par simple superposition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0367334A1 true EP0367334A1 (de) 1990-05-09

Family

ID=9371503

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89202668A Withdrawn EP0367334A1 (de) 1988-10-25 1989-10-23 Baustein zur Errichtung von Gebäudeteilen durch einfaches Aufeinanderlegen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0367334A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2001452A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2638183A1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2063599A2 (es) * 1991-08-14 1995-01-01 Melik Elchian Levon Sistema modular de edificacion
WO1997043499A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-20 Waldemar Szczepina Interlocking building block
AU723188B2 (en) * 1996-05-09 2000-08-17 Waldemar Szczepina Interlocking building block
WO2010013991A1 (es) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-04 Alvarez Moysen Arturo Ramon Sistema de bloques para la construcción de muros
RU2407866C1 (ru) * 2009-09-22 2010-12-27 Станислав Михайлович Хобяков Строительный хостблок
US20130227901A1 (en) * 2011-05-11 2013-09-05 Ron Zohar Methods and devices for making a building block for mortar-free construction
CN110306683A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2019-10-08 成都建工工业化建筑有限公司 一种装配式建筑结构、保温、装饰一体化外墙及浇注方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10153914B4 (de) * 2001-11-02 2005-06-23 Leibold, Josef Quaderförmiger Baustein, ein Mauerwerk aus Bausteinen und Verwendungen des Mauerwerks

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2463840A1 (fr) * 1979-08-24 1981-02-27 Limousin Louis Elements modulaires emboitables et leurs procedes d'assemblage
WO1984003727A1 (en) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-27 Creighton Robert C Building block
US4651485A (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-03-24 Osborne Ronald P Interlocking building block system
GB2185276A (en) * 1986-01-13 1987-07-15 Plessis Andries Hendrik Du Building blocks
FR2596824A1 (fr) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-09 Imbert Jacques Dispositif d'assemblage a tenon et a mortaise de deux elements structuraux identiques

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2463840A1 (fr) * 1979-08-24 1981-02-27 Limousin Louis Elements modulaires emboitables et leurs procedes d'assemblage
WO1984003727A1 (en) * 1983-03-15 1984-09-27 Creighton Robert C Building block
US4651485A (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-03-24 Osborne Ronald P Interlocking building block system
GB2185276A (en) * 1986-01-13 1987-07-15 Plessis Andries Hendrik Du Building blocks
FR2596824A1 (fr) * 1986-04-02 1987-10-09 Imbert Jacques Dispositif d'assemblage a tenon et a mortaise de deux elements structuraux identiques

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2063599A2 (es) * 1991-08-14 1995-01-01 Melik Elchian Levon Sistema modular de edificacion
WO1997043499A1 (en) * 1996-05-09 1997-11-20 Waldemar Szczepina Interlocking building block
AU723188B2 (en) * 1996-05-09 2000-08-17 Waldemar Szczepina Interlocking building block
WO2010013991A1 (es) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-04 Alvarez Moysen Arturo Ramon Sistema de bloques para la construcción de muros
RU2407866C1 (ru) * 2009-09-22 2010-12-27 Станислав Михайлович Хобяков Строительный хостблок
US20130227901A1 (en) * 2011-05-11 2013-09-05 Ron Zohar Methods and devices for making a building block for mortar-free construction
US8893450B2 (en) * 2011-05-11 2014-11-25 Ron Zohar Methods and devices for making a building block for mortar-free construction
CN110306683A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2019-10-08 成都建工工业化建筑有限公司 一种装配式建筑结构、保温、装饰一体化外墙及浇注方法

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Publication number Publication date
FR2638183A1 (fr) 1990-04-27
CA2001452A1 (fr) 1990-04-25

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