EP0370846B1 - Elektroakustischer Wandler - Google Patents

Elektroakustischer Wandler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0370846B1
EP0370846B1 EP89402966A EP89402966A EP0370846B1 EP 0370846 B1 EP0370846 B1 EP 0370846B1 EP 89402966 A EP89402966 A EP 89402966A EP 89402966 A EP89402966 A EP 89402966A EP 0370846 B1 EP0370846 B1 EP 0370846B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
electroacoustic transducer
transducer according
ion
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89402966A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0370846A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Fourriere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Acieries Du Haut Languedoc SA
Original Assignee
Acieries Du Haut Languedoc SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Acieries Du Haut Languedoc SA filed Critical Acieries Du Haut Languedoc SA
Priority to AT89402966T priority Critical patent/ATE92701T1/de
Publication of EP0370846A1 publication Critical patent/EP0370846A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0370846B1 publication Critical patent/EP0370846B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R23/00—Transducers other than those covered by groups H04R9/00 - H04R21/00
    • H04R23/004—Transducers other than those covered by groups H04R9/00 - H04R21/00 using ionised gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer, as well as an acoustic enclosure comprising at least one such transducer.
  • an electroacoustic transducer comprising a wire capable of emitting ions when it is brought to a sufficiently high potential, said wire being arranged between two electrodes, one parallel to the other, connected to a modulator, between which is likely to be created a modulated electric field acting on said ions. Said ions are then set in motion and transmit, by collisions, the energy thus acquired to the surrounding neutral molecules, producing a sound at the frequency of the modulated electric field.
  • the emission of ions is very localized, in the immediate vicinity of the wire, so that the results obtained are hardly satisfactory in practice.
  • an electroacoustic transducer of the type comprising at least one element capable of emitting ions when it is brought to a sufficiently high electrical potential, said element being arranged at neighborhood of two first electrodes, parallel to each other, connected to a modulator, between which a modulated electric field is likely to be created, and at least a second electrode having an electrical potential such as a flux of ions are created between said ion emitter and said second electrode, so that said modulated electric field acts on said ion flux.
  • the present invention aims to improve the latter transducer, and relates to an electroacoustic transducer whose efficiency is greatly improved.
  • the transducer of the type described in document US-A-3 022 385 is characterized in that said ion-emitting element is arranged between said two first electrodes, and in that said second electrode is arranged in the vicinity of said ion emitting element so that said ion flow forms a vibrating membrane between said ion emitting element and said second electrode.
  • said ion flow plays the role of an immaterial vibrating membrane.
  • the ionized fluid, created between the ion-emitting element and the second electrode is attracted by the first electrodes at the rate of the modulation, thereby generating acoustic pressures in the air.
  • said ion emitting element is a wire
  • two said second parallel electrodes are provided on either side of said wire respectively, said second electrodes being orthogonal to said first electrodes.
  • said second electrodes are arranged at equal distances from said wire.
  • the latter in particular in stainless steel or platinum, can have a diameter of between 20 and 50 micrometers.
  • said ion emitting element is a point
  • either a plurality of second point electrodes are arranged in a fan around said point, or said second electrode has approximately the shape of a horseshoe surrounding said point.
  • said first electrodes are arranged at equal distances from said ion emitting element.
  • said first electrodes are grids of rigid textile material covered with carbon.
  • said ion-emitting element is brought to a negative potential of the order of at least -4.5 kV.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a first embodiment of the electroacoustic transducer of the invention, in which the ion emitting element is a wire.
  • Figures 3 and 4, and 5 and 6 illustrate, respectively, two variants of a second embodiment of the electroacoustic transducer of the invention, in which the ion emitting element is a tip.
  • the electroacoustic transducer 1 comprises a wire 2, connected to a high voltage source 3, capable of emitting ions when it is brought to a sufficiently high electrical potential, for example a negative potential of the order of - 4.5 kV at least, negative potential giving no discharge noises.
  • the wire 2 is arranged between two first electrodes 4,5, parallel to each other, connected to a modulator 6 via a transformer 7.
  • a modulated electric field can thus be created between the two electrodes 4 , 5, to act on said ions.
  • the electrodes 4,5 are advantageously produced in the form of grids of rigid textile material covered with carbon. As a result, the formation of arcs in the presence of strong modulations is extremely rare, and these are not maintained as they would be with metal grids.
  • first 4.5 and second 8.9 electrodes are advantageously arranged at equal distances from the wire, respectively, so as to avoid creating an ionic wind during the application of the negative voltage. of polarization.
  • the modulated electric field created between the first electrodes 4,5 thus acts on the ion flow 10, generated between the wire 2 and the second electrodes 8,9, playing the role of a non-material vibrating membrane.
  • the ionized fluid created between the wire 2 and the ground electrodes 8, 9 is attracted by the grids 4.5 at the rate of the modulation, thereby producing acoustic pressures in the air.
  • the ion-emitting wire is replaced by a tip.
  • the tip 11 is arranged in a support ring 12, so that the tip 11a thereof is located in the center of said ring 12.
  • the tip 11 connected to a high voltage source 13 is capable of emitting ions when it is brought to a sufficiently high electrical potential, for example a negative potential of the order of -4.5 kV.
  • the tip 11, and in particular the tip 11a thereof is arranged between two first electrodes 14,15, parallel to each other, connected to a modulator 16 by means of a transformer 17.
  • These electrodes 14,15 are advantageously of the same type as the electrodes 4,5 described above.
  • a plurality of second point electrodes 18 (for example three electrodes 18), connected to ground, are arranged in a fan around the end 11a of the tip 11.
  • a second single electrode 19 connected to ground, having approximately the shape of a horseshoe surrounds the tip 11a of the tip 11.
  • the modulated electric field created between the first electrodes 14,15 and the tip 11 acts on the ion flow 20, generated between the tip 2 and the second electrode (s) 18,19, playing the role of immaterial vibrating membrane.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elektroakustischer Wandler, mit zumindest einem Element (2, 11), das geeignet ist, Ionen zu emittieren, wenn es auf ein ausreichend hohes elektrisches Potential gebracht wird, wobei das Element (2, 11) in der Nähe von zwei ersten Elektroden (4, 5; 14, 15) angeordnet ist, die parallel zueinander liegen, die mit einem Modulator verbunden sind und zwischen denen ein moduliertes elektrisches Feld erzeugbar ist, und mit zumindest einer zweiten Elektrode (8, 9; 18; 19) mit einem solchen elektrischen Potential, daß ein Ionenstrom (10, 20) zwischen dem Ionenemitter (2, 11) und der zweiten Elektrode (8, 9; 18; 19) erzeugt wird, so daß das modulierte elektrische Feld auf den Ionenstrom (10, 20) wirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ionenemittierelement (2, 11) zwischen den zwei ersten Elektroden (4, 5; 14, 15) angeordnet ist, und daß die zweite Elektrode (8, 9; 18; 19) in der Nähe des Ionenemittierelements angeordnet ist, so daß der Ionenstrom (10, 20) eine immaterielle schwingfähige Membran zwischen dem Ionenemittierelement (2, 11) und der zweiten Elektrode (8, 9; 18, 19) bildet.
  2. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach Anspruch 1, in dem das Ionenemittierelement ein Draht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei parallele zweite Elektroden (8, 9) beiderseits des Drahtes (2) vorgesehen sind, wobei die zweiten Elektroden (8, 9) senkrecht zu den ersten Elektroden (4, 5) angeordnet sind.
  3. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Elektroden (8, 9) in gleichen Abständen zum Draht (2) angeordnet sind.
  4. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach Anspruch 2 oder nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Draht (2), vorzugsweise aus rostfreiem Stahl oder Platin, einen Durchmesser zwischen 20 und 50 Mikrometern aufweist.
  5. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach Anspruch 1, in dem das Ionenemittierelement eine Spitze ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Vielzahl von zweiten punktförmigen Elektroden (18) fächerförmig um die Spitze (11) herum angeordnet sind.
  6. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach Anspruch 1, in dem das Ionenemittierelement eine Spitze ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Elektrode (19) etwa die Form eines die Spitze (11) umgebenden Hufeisens aufweist.
  7. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Elektroden (4, 5; 14, 15) in gleichen Abständen zum Ionenemissionselement (2, 11) angeordnet sind.
  8. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1-7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Elektroden (4, 5; 14, 15) Gitter aus festem, mit Karbon überzogenem, textilem Material sind.
  9. Elektroakustischer Wandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1-8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ionenemittierelement (2, 11) auf ein negatives Potential in der Größe von zumindest -4,5 kV gebracht ist.
  10. Tonsäule, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese zumindest einen elektroakustischen Wandler nach einem der Ansprüche 1-9 umfaßt.
EP89402966A 1988-11-10 1989-10-26 Elektroakustischer Wandler Expired - Lifetime EP0370846B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89402966T ATE92701T1 (de) 1988-11-10 1989-10-26 Elektroakustischer wandler.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8814696 1988-11-10
FR8814696A FR2638930B1 (fr) 1988-11-10 1988-11-10 Transducteur electroacoustique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0370846A1 EP0370846A1 (de) 1990-05-30
EP0370846B1 true EP0370846B1 (de) 1993-08-04

Family

ID=9371768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89402966A Expired - Lifetime EP0370846B1 (de) 1988-11-10 1989-10-26 Elektroakustischer Wandler

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0370846B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02174398A (de)
AT (1) ATE92701T1 (de)
AU (1) AU621948B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2002803A1 (de)
DE (1) DE68908100D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2638930B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2685156A1 (fr) * 1991-12-16 1993-06-18 Languedoc Acieries Haut Transducteur electroacoustique, et enceinte acoustique comportant au moins un tel transducteur.
GB2312590B (en) * 1996-04-26 2000-05-17 Keith Duncan Howard Loudspeaker
FR2782595B1 (fr) * 1998-08-18 2001-04-20 Marc Charbonneaux Amplificateur harmonique transducteur electroacoustique
WO2012002924A1 (ru) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Chijov Maksim Viktorovich Способ генерирования акустических волн и устройство для его осуществления
CN110430515B (zh) * 2019-08-23 2021-03-23 苏州锐丰建声灯光音响器材工程安装有限公司 改良型等离子扬声器

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2793324A (en) * 1956-08-28 1957-05-21 Michael N Halus Ionic triode speaker
US3022385A (en) * 1958-08-25 1962-02-20 Takis N Panay Sound producer
FR1427695A (fr) * 1963-09-25 1966-02-11 Electrokinetics Inc Appareil sonore électrohydrodynamique
FR2246151A1 (en) * 1973-08-24 1975-04-25 Doucet Henri Guide-band plasma-type loudspeaker - modulates gas ionised by radioactive surface with audio-frequencies to radiate sound
FR2506551A1 (fr) * 1981-05-21 1982-11-26 Bondar Henri Procede et dispositif pour transformer une tension electrique periodique bf en ondes acoustiques ou inversement
FR2559636A1 (fr) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-16 Valois Distribution Transducteur electro-acoustique a emission d'ions
FR2581497B1 (fr) * 1985-05-02 1987-10-09 Valois Distribution Transducteur electro-acoustique a emission d'ions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU621948B2 (en) 1992-03-26
FR2638930B1 (fr) 1991-05-31
CA2002803A1 (fr) 1990-05-10
JPH02174398A (ja) 1990-07-05
AU4431689A (en) 1990-05-17
DE68908100D1 (de) 1993-09-09
ATE92701T1 (de) 1993-08-15
FR2638930A1 (fr) 1990-05-11
EP0370846A1 (de) 1990-05-30

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