Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
  • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
  • C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
  • C10M2215/26—Amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
  • C10N2040/28—Rotary engines

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to additives for use in lubricating oil compositions and in particular to such compositions comprising additives which are dispersants having viscosity index improving properties.
• 2,568,876 discloses reaction products prepared by reacting a monocarboxylic acid with a polyalkylene polyamine followed by a reaction of the intermediate product with an alkenyl succinic anhydride.
• US Patent No. 3,216,936 discloses a process for preparing an aliphatic lubricant additive which involves reacting an alkylene amine, a polymer-substituted succinic acid and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.
• GB-A-1565627 claims a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of one or more carboxylic derivatives produced by reacting at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with a reactant selected from (a) an amine having within its structure at least one H-N group, (b) an alcohol, (c) a reactive metal or reactive metal compound, and (d) a combination of two or more of any of (a) to (c), the components of (d) being reacted with said one or more substituted succinic acylating agents simultaneously or sequentially in any order, wherein said substituted succinic acylating agent(s) consist of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene, said polyalkene having a Mn value of 1300 to 5000 and a M w /M n value of 1.5 to 4, said acylating agent(s) having within their structure an average of at least one
• Also claimed in GB-A-1565627 is a process for producing one or more substituted acylating agents by heating at a temperature of at least 140°C:
• the purpose of adding the glycolic acid is to acylate all of the free basic amines except for one or one equivalent amine to form the partially glycolated bis-alkenyl succinimide.
• dispersants capable of making a viscosity index contribution to the finished lubricating oil can be produced by crosslinking polyalkenyl succinimides by reaction with higher molecular weight di- and poly-carboxylic acids.
• the present invention provides a process for the production of a dispersant additive for use in lubricating oil compositions which process comprises reacting at elevated temperature a polyalkenyl succinimide with a di- or poly-carboxylic acid containing sufficient carbon atoms to impart oil solubility to the resulting product.
• polyalkenyl succinimide is understood the product of a reaction between a polyamine and a polyalkenyl succinic anhydride of the general formula (I) or the corresponding succinic acid:- where R represents an alkyl or alkenyl group.
• Polyalkenyl succinimides are well known in the lubricating oil additive field.
• the present invention provides a process for the production of a dispersant additive for use in lubricating oil compositions which process comprises reacting at elevated temperature,
• the substituent R is a hydrocarbyl group.
• the substituent R either has no residual unsaturation in which case R represents an alkyl group, or it has residual unsaturation in which case R represents an alkenyl group.
• the substituent R is generally derived from a polyolefin which is reacted with maleic anhydride to form the substituted succinic anhydride of the general formula (I).
• the polyolefin may be any polyolefin having residual unsaturation but is preferably a polyisobutene.
• the substituent R may suitably have a number average molecular weight (M n ) in the range from about 500 to about 3000, preferably from about 1000 to about 1500.
• the polyalkenyl succinimide is produced by reacting a succinic anhydride of the general formula (I) or the corresponding acid, preferably the anhydride, with a polyamine.
• the polyamine can be an alkylene diamine eg ethylene diamine or polyalkylene polyamine. Although any alkylene diamine or polyalkylene polyamine may be reacted with the polyalkenyl succinic anhydride, generally polyalkylene polyamines comprising at least three amine groups are employed. Suitable polyalkylene polyamines are the polyethylene polyamines, for example triethylene tetramine or tetraethylene pentamine.
• the polyalkenyl succinimide can be a monosuccinimide or a bis succinimide or a mixture of both.
• a monosuccinimide comprises a single succinimide ring, a bis succinimide comprises two succinimide rings.
• a monosuccinimide will generally be the major reaction product when the molar ratio of succinic anhydride or acid to polyamine is 1:1, a bissuccinimide will generally be the major reaction product when the molar ratio is 2:1.
• the product of a reaction between a polyamine and a polyalkenyl succinic anhydride or acid will generally comprise a mixture of both mono and bis succinimides, the relative proportions depending upon the molar ratio of the reactants. It is preferred for the purpose of the present invention that a polyalkenyl succinimide containing a major proportion of monosuccinimide is used.
• the di- or poly-carboxylic acid must contain sufficient carbon atoms to impart oil solubility to the final product.
• the acid will contain from 30 to 500 carbon atoms, preferably 35-400, more preferably 50-350.
• Terminal carboxylic acids, internal carboxylic acids and mixed terminal/internal carboxylic acids may be employed. Terminal carboxylic acids, are preferred.
• a useful class of terminal di-carboxylic acids is the polybutadiene diacid end-capped materials. Examples of useful materials in this class are Hycar 2000X162 and 2000X165 (commercially available from B.F. Goodrich.)
• a reaction is preferably carried out in a high boiling inert solvent, suitably a high boiling hydrocarbon solvent.
• a preferred solvent is a lubricating oil, which may be a natural or synthetic lubricating oil.
• Suitable lubricating oils include the Solvent Neutral (SN) oils.
• the reaction is carried out at elevated temperature, suitably in the range from 50 to 250°C, preferably from 75 to 200°C.
• the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricating oil and a minor proportion of the product of the process as hereinbefore described.
• the present invention provides a lubricating oil additive concentrate suitable for use in a lubricating oil composition comprising a product produced by the process as hereinbefore described.
• Lubricating oils useful in the compositions of the present invention may be any natural or synthetic lubricating oil.
• An oil used as a reaction solvent can be the same or different to one used in the preparation of the additive composition.
• Suitable lubricating oils are described for example in the aforesaid GB-A-1565627, to which the reader is referred for further details.
• the lubricating oil composition may contain, in addition to the product produced by the process as hereinbefore described, conventional additives, for example one or more of: detergents, anti-wear/extreme pressure additives, ant ioxidants, anti-rust additives and viscosity index improvers. It is an advantage of the present invention, however, that at least some of the viscosity index improver requirements of the lubricating oil composition may be provided by the dispersant additive produced by the process of the present invention.
• a PIB succinimide (60 parts) (prepared by reacting an equimolar mixture of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) and a polyisobutene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) wherein the polyisobutene substituent is derived from a polyisobutene of M n 1000) and a diacid end-capped polybutadiene (Hycar 2000X165 ex B.F. Goodrich) (20 parts) were mixed in SN150 oil in an amount such that there was a total of 50% of active components in solution. The mixture was heated to 180°C and held at this temperature whilst stirring for 4 hours.
• TEPA tetraethylenepentamine
• PIBSA polyisobutene succinic anhydride
• Hycar 2000X165 ex B.F. Goodrich diacid end-capped polybutadiene
• Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the PIB-succinimide (60 parts) was obtained by reacting an equimolar mixture of a PIBSA wherein the polyisobutene substituent is derived from a mixture of polyisobutene of M n 1000 and M n 2400 and instead of the Hycar 2000X165 diacid end-capped polybutadiene there was used a higher molecular weight material, Hycar 2000X162 (15 parts).
• a PIB succinimide (60 parts) (prepared by reacting an equimolar mixture of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) and a polyisobutene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) wherein the polyisobutene substituent is derived from a polyisobutene of M n 1000) and a trimerized fatty acid (10.5 parts) (Pripol 1040 ex Unichema) were mixed in SN150 oil in an amount such that there was a total of 50% of active components in solution. The mixture was heated to 180°C and held at this temperature whilst stirring for 4 hours.
• TEPA tetraethylenepentamine
• PIBSA polyisobutene succinic anhydride
• trimerized fatty acid (10.5 parts)

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10648140

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1988
  • 1988-12-07 GB GB888828615A patent/GB8828615D0/en active Pending
• 1989
  • 1989-12-07 AU AU46036/89A patent/AU635507B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1989-12-07 EP EP89312784A patent/EP0373829A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1989-12-07 DK DK616489A patent/DK616489A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1989-12-07 ZA ZA899383A patent/ZA899383B/xx unknown

Patent Citations (6)

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