EP0376911A2 - Düsenpaket zum Spinnen von bikomponenten Faden - Google Patents

Düsenpaket zum Spinnen von bikomponenten Faden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0376911A2
EP0376911A2 EP89870212A EP89870212A EP0376911A2 EP 0376911 A2 EP0376911 A2 EP 0376911A2 EP 89870212 A EP89870212 A EP 89870212A EP 89870212 A EP89870212 A EP 89870212A EP 0376911 A2 EP0376911 A2 EP 0376911A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
pack
slots
spinning
capillary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89870212A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0376911B1 (de
EP0376911A3 (de
Inventor
Don Eugene Carter
Arnold Lawrence Mcpeters
Hobson Leon Skeen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Monsanto Co
Original Assignee
Monsanto Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Monsanto Co filed Critical Monsanto Co
Priority to AT89870212T priority Critical patent/ATE97174T1/de
Publication of EP0376911A2 publication Critical patent/EP0376911A2/de
Publication of EP0376911A3 publication Critical patent/EP0376911A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0376911B1 publication Critical patent/EP0376911B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a spinning pack for wet spinning a large number of bicomponent filaments, particularly, bicomponent acrylic filaments and, more particularly, bicomponent acrylic filaments having the specific ability to develop a helical crimp on hot or hot/wet treatment because of a difference in shrinkage between the two components.
  • Bicomponent filaments having this ability are commonly referred to as "conjugate filaments”.
  • conjuggate filaments means filaments consisting of two components arranged either in a side-by-side or sheath/core configuration along the length of the filaments.
  • wet spinning means a process in which a solution of fiber-forming polymer is extruded from a spinning pack through orifices directly into a liquid coagulation medium where the polymer is coagulated to form filaments that are further processed.
  • the spinning pack is immersed in the liquid coagulation medium.
  • the spinneret may be placed a short distance (e.g. 0.5 to 2 cm) above the surface of the liquid medium.
  • Spinning packs useful for wet spinning bicomponent filaments are described in the prior art, for example, U.S. Patent 3,176,345 describes a spinning pack consisting of stacked plates that are bolted together. Some of the plates have slots defining orifices and the remaining plates have hollow regions defining manifolds. The plates are arranged so that a slotted plate is sandwiched between two manifold plates. In operation of the pack two solutions under pressure are fed to the pack, one polymer spinning solution flows to the manifold plates on one side of the slotted plates and the other polymer solution flows to the manifold plates on the other side of the slotted plates.
  • the two solutions combine in each of the slots of the slotted plates and are extruded from each slot as a single stream which, when coagulated, provides a bicomponent filament.
  • One problem encountered in using this pack is that the distribution of the two components in the filaments is not uniform because the lower viscosity solution tends to wrap around the higher viscosity solution.
  • the present invention provides a spinning pack useful for wet spinning bicomponent filaments.
  • the pack is characterized in being capable of providing a large number of conjugate filaments having a substantially uniform distribution of the components along the entire length of each filament and from filament to filament.
  • the pack comprises a plurality of assembled metal plates which define openings through which two spinning dopes flow enroute to a spinneret.
  • the pack of the present inven­tion is particularly useful for wet spinning a tow consisting of in excess of 20,000 conjugate acrylic filaments. The tow can then be processed into yarn useful for applications where high bulk is desirable, for example, craft yarns and sweater yarns.
  • Spinning packs of the invention comprise individual thin metal plates. Typically, there are four different types of thin plates plus two end plates and a spinneret plate.
  • the packs are provided by first making the required number of each type of plate, preferably, from stainless steel. These plates can be made, for example, by machining stacks of solid plates by the technique of electron discharge machining (sometimes referred to as wire cutting) or by photoetching. The plates are then assembled in the proper order and converted by appropriate means to a structure that does not leak under conditions normally encountered in wet spinning processes. Preferably, the structure is converted to a monolithic structure by utilizing the process generally known as diffusion bonding (sometimes referred to as isostatic pressing).
  • diffusion bonding the assembled plates are cleaned and held together in an inert atmosphere or under vacuum while being heated under conditions sufficient to cause the atoms of the adjacent metal plates to diffuse rapidly between the plates and convert the assembled plates to a monolithic structure.
  • diffusion bonding of stainless steel plates is accomplished by holding the plates by pressures in the range of 446 to 13,892 kP while heating the plates at a temperature in the range of 927° to 1038°C for a period ranging from 1/2 hour to 24 hours.
  • the plates instead of being made from stainless steel, may be made from other metals or from materials such as ceramics or carbon.
  • spinning pack 5 consists of end walls or plates 20, spacer plates 21 and 24, capillary plates 22, divider plates 23 and spinneret plate 25 arranged as shown in Fig. 2.
  • each of the spacer plates 21 and 24 has inlets 41 and 44, respectively, leading to central cavity 50.
  • each of the capillary plates 22 has rectangular slots 60 extending inwardly and perpendicularly from the lower edge thereof a selected distance.
  • each of the divider plates 23 has rectangular slots 70 extending inwardly and perpen­dicularly from the lower edge thereof.
  • Slots 60 are of the same width as slots 70 but are longer. When plates 22 and 23 are arranged as shown in Fig. 2, slots 70 are aligned with slots 60.
  • Spacer plates 21 differ from spacer plates 24 in that inlet 41 of plates 21 is reversed from inlet 44 of plates 24 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • Spinneret plate 25 has orifices 80 and facilitates formation of uniform filaments. Spinneret plate 25 may be attached to the other plates by any suitable means. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention spinneret plate 25 is compression fitted (stretched) over the other plates.
  • plates 20 - 24 are constructed and arranged so as to define a curved (convex) lower surface over which spinneret plate 25 is stretched.
  • Stretching of spinneret plate 25 over plates 20 - 24 may be accomplished by suitable mechanical means, such as clamps, which pull spinneret plate 25 over the other plates.
  • the convex surface defined by plates 20 - 24 conforms to and fits snugly against the upper surface of spinneret plate 25. (If the lower surface formed by plates 20 - 24 were flat instead of convex, spinneret plate 25 tends to bulge away and separate from the other during use of the pack.)
  • Slots 70 of plates 23 align with orifices 80 of spinneret plate 25 and compensate for any misalignment of slots 60 and orifices 80. If desired, however, slots 70 may be omitted (i.e. plates 23 may be solid).
  • spinneret plate 25 is omitted from pack 5, plates 23 have slots 70 and the lower surface of the pack defined by plates 20 - 24 is flat. (In this instance, if plates 23 were solid, each pair of opposite slots 60 abutting plates 23 would form two monocomponent fibers instead of one bicomponent fiber.)
  • each orifice 80 to deliver an accurately controlled flow of dope to its outlet.
  • the solutions are emitted from orifices 80 in the form of streams which, when coagulated, provide bicomponent fila­ ments in which the components are arranged in either a side-by-­side or sheath/core configuration along the longitudinal axis of the filaments, depending on the viscosities of the two spinning solutions.
  • the solutions are of the same viscosity
  • the components will be arranged in a side-by-side configuration, whereas if solutions are each of a different viscosity, the components will be arranged in or approximate a sheath/core configuration since the lower viscosity solution tends to wrap around the higher viscosity solution.
  • spinning pack 5 improved distribution of flow is achieved by sizing the thickness and width of slots 60 so that those through which one of the two spinning dopes flows enroute to orifices 80 are of a lesser cross-sectional area than those through which the other spinning dope flows.
  • formation of sheath/core fibers is facilitated by placing tubes between each opening defined by slots 60 and 70 and each spinneret plate orifice 80.
  • the tubes are, for example, 2.54 cm long and sealably connected to each said opening and its corresponding orifice 80.
  • the dopes are considerably hotter (30° to 60°C.) than the aqueous coagulating liquid. It is important that dope in cavities 50 located at the outer portion of the pack is not cooled by the aqueous coagulating liquid to a greater extent than is dope in cavities 50 located at the center of the pack. Lowering the temperature of the dope, increases its viscosity, lowers its flow rate through the pack and, consequently, causes smaller diameter fibers to be formed. To prevent this, it is a conventional practice to heat packs, for example, by jacketing the pack and circulating a heating fluid (e.g. steam or oil) in the jacket or by providing channels in the plates for circulating a heated fluid.
  • a heating fluid e.g. steam or oil
  • the components are arranged in a side-by-side configuration where the distribution of the components is in a ratio of 1:1, that is, in cross-section one half of the filament consist entirely of one of the components and the other half consists entirely of the other component.
  • the distribution of the components in the filaments can be selected by selecting the appropriate rates at which the solutions are fed to the orifices, for example, if one of the solutions is fed to the orifices at twice the rate of the other solution, the distribution of the two components in the filament will be in a ratio of 1:2, assuming Newtonium flow and other conditions remained the same.
  • the distribution of the components in each filament and from filament to filament is maintained substantially the same by means of divider plates 23.
  • the packs of the invention are particularly useful for providing a tow consisting of at least 20,000 conjugate acrylic filaments in which the distribution of the components is 1:1. Since the size of each of the filaments formed by the pack will be determined by the cross-sectional area of orifices 80, plates 22 and 23 must be thin and the slots narrow in order to provide packs capable of spinning 20,000 plus filaments. Suitable plates for preparing such a pack would be, for example, divider plates 23 each having a thickness of 3 mils, capillary plates 22 each having a thickness of 6 mils and spacer plates 21 and 24 each having a thickness of 31 mils.
  • a typical spinneret plate 25 has a thickness of 0.152 cm and each orifice 80 a diameter of 0.009 cm.
  • Slots 60 and 70 are preferably provided in plates 22 and 23 by means of electron discharge machining techniques. The plates are assembled in the order shown in Fig. 2. This order of assembly is continued until a pack with the desired number of orifices is achieved. The plates are held in alignment by means of dowel rods 28 during assembly and bonding of the plates. The assembled pack is then preferably subjected to appropriate diffusion bonding conditions to provide a monolithic structure.
  • This example illustrates wet spinning conjugate acrylic filaments using the pack of the present invention.
  • a first spinning solution is prepared by dissolving an appropriate amount of an acrylic polymer containing 92.5% of acrylonitrile (AN) and 7.5% vinyl acetate (VA) in dimethyl­acetamide (DMAc) to provide a solution containing 25% of the polymer.
  • a second spinning solution of about the same viscosity is prepared in the same way, except in this instance the acrylic polymer contains 92.1% AN, 7.3% VA and 0.6% sodium p-sulfophenyl­methallyl ether (SPME).
  • SPME sodium p-sulfophenyl­methallyl ether
  • the first solution at 100°C. is fed into the pack through inlets 41 (Fig. 1) and the second spinning solution at 100°C. is fed into the pack through inlets 44 (Fig. 1).
  • the resulting tow consisting of 30,000 bicomponent filaments in which the components are arranged in a side-by-side configuration is withdrawn from the coagulation bath at a linear speed of 20 fpm (6.1 mpm) with a theoretical jet stretch of 0.9 times by a first set of rolls, washed on these rolls, then stretched 6 times in boiling water between the first set of rolls and a second set of rolls, washed on the second set of rolls, dried on drying rolls and collected on a winder bobbin at a speed of 120 fpm (36.6m).
  • the tow is then crimped and annealed with steam under conditions that do not develop the latent helical crimp present in the conjugate filaments of the tow.
  • the tow is then converted to staple and made into skeins of yarn.
  • the yarn is then wet-dyed and dried under conditions that develop the latent helical crimp.
  • the resulting yarns have excellent bulk when observed under a microscope, the distribution of the tow components is substantially uniform along the length of each filament and from filament to filament and there is no visual evidence of splitting of the components.
  • bicomponent filaments in which the components are arranged in a sheath/core configuration are made by utilizing the above dopes except in this instance the dopes are prepared so that the dope containing SPME is of a lesser viscosity (e.g. 1/6th) than the other dope. Similar results are obtained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
EP89870212A 1988-12-29 1989-12-21 Düsenpaket zum Spinnen von bikomponenten Faden Expired - Lifetime EP0376911B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89870212T ATE97174T1 (de) 1988-12-29 1989-12-21 Duesenpaket zum spinnen von bikomponenten faden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29189188A 1988-12-29 1988-12-29
US291891 1988-12-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0376911A2 true EP0376911A2 (de) 1990-07-04
EP0376911A3 EP0376911A3 (de) 1991-05-29
EP0376911B1 EP0376911B1 (de) 1993-11-10

Family

ID=23122311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89870212A Expired - Lifetime EP0376911B1 (de) 1988-12-29 1989-12-21 Düsenpaket zum Spinnen von bikomponenten Faden

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0376911B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2891425B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE97174T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68910664T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2045560T3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004044280A3 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-11-18 Spin Tec Engineering Gmbh Apparatus and method for forming materials

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3176345A (en) * 1962-06-25 1965-04-06 Monsanto Co Spinnerette
US3192563A (en) * 1962-06-25 1965-07-06 Monsanto Co Laminated spinneret
NL125332C (de) * 1962-06-25
GB1149049A (en) * 1965-11-04 1969-04-16 Japan Exlan Co Ltd Apparatus for spinning conjugate fibres
JPS5468417A (en) * 1977-11-07 1979-06-01 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Acrylonitrile synthetic fibers and their production

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004044280A3 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-11-18 Spin Tec Engineering Gmbh Apparatus and method for forming materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2891425B2 (ja) 1999-05-17
EP0376911B1 (de) 1993-11-10
ES2045560T3 (es) 1994-01-16
DE68910664T2 (de) 1994-04-28
JPH02221405A (ja) 1990-09-04
ATE97174T1 (de) 1993-11-15
EP0376911A3 (de) 1991-05-29
DE68910664D1 (de) 1993-12-16

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