EP0377599A1 - Druckeinrichtung mit einem elektrothermisch betriebenen druckkopf. - Google Patents
Druckeinrichtung mit einem elektrothermisch betriebenen druckkopf.Info
- Publication number
- EP0377599A1 EP0377599A1 EP88907115A EP88907115A EP0377599A1 EP 0377599 A1 EP0377599 A1 EP 0377599A1 EP 88907115 A EP88907115 A EP 88907115A EP 88907115 A EP88907115 A EP 88907115A EP 0377599 A1 EP0377599 A1 EP 0377599A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- change
- state
- time
- printing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011990 functional testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04563—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits detecting head temperature; Ink temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04565—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits detecting heater resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/0458—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits controlling heads based on heating elements forming bubbles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2202/00—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet or thermal heads
- B41J2202/01—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads
- B41J2202/17—Readable information on the head
Definitions
- Printing device with an electrothermally operated print head
- the invention relates to a printing device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its operation.
- Printing devices of the type mentioned at the outset are known either as thermal transfer printing devices or as bubble jet printing devices. They are commonly referred to as electrothermal or thermoelectric printers.
- an ink ribbon containing a solid color is locally heated depending on the character by means of a thermocouple having heating elements, and the ink is thus liquefied point by character and transferred to a recording medium arranged behind the ink ribbon.
- Heating elements of electrothermally operated printers generally consist of semiconductor resistance elements which are driven in pulses by means of a heating current.
- the writing speed that can be achieved with such printers is essentially limited by the size of the residual heat of a writing process and by its removal. Er ⁇ at high frequencies write the write head until its function is no longer guaranteed • heated.
- the basic factors dependent on environmental influences The temperature of the print head has a significant influence.
- thermoelectric print heads In order to ensure the safe operation of thermoelectric print heads, it has previously been customary to design the level of the write frequency for continuous operation of all write or heating elements and to adapt the heating time of the heating elements to the most unfavorable operating conditions and writing unit tolerances.
- German published patent application 36 12469 describes an electrothermally operated printing device in which the operating frequency of the ink print head is changed in accordance with the temperature.
- the temperature of the ink print head is detected by a temperature sensor mounted in the head.
- Such a temperature measurement is inaccurate because it only records the average temperature of all heating elements in principle, but not the temperature behavior of an individual heating element. Furthermore, such a temperature measurement has a large time lag compared to the heat emission of the individual heating elements. E.g. If a single heating element is operated in continuous operation, this quickly leads to local overheating, but the total heat transfer to the head is low.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide, in a printing device of the type mentioned at the outset, a device which makes it possible to record the temperature behavior of each individual heating element even during printing operation.
- the : Acquisition of the state change via the master value acquisition corresponds to a selective heating element temperature measurement.
- the writing speed can thereby be dynamically adapted to the thermal load, the other temperature components, such as ambient temperature, temperature of the writing fluid, etc., being automatically taken into account during operation ...
- the operating frequency of the print head can be controlled as a function of the element which is most thermally loaded.
- the determination of the change in state can also be used to measure the heating-up time at a predetermined voltage during manufacture of the printhead and as a comparison value for one use static as well as the initial value for a dynamic adjustment of the heating time.
- the thermal load can be calculated from the determined sequence of actuation of the heating elements and the heating duration can be dynamically adjusted.
- this heating-up time of the heating elements becomes shorter and shorter until the state changes with increasing temperature, this heating-up time can be used in a simple manner according to one embodiment of the invention for controlling the writing speed and for function monitoring.
- the specified minimum heating-up time is not reached due to excessive heating, which can be done by a simple comparison with a stored minimum value, this comparison process can be used immediately to control the operating frequency.
- the minimum heating-up time which should not be undercut, can be easily determined during a test run at a defined head temperature. If necessary, a limit value used and stored in an evaluation circuit arrangement can be derived from this.
- the invention is of particular importance for determining the change in state in ink printing devices (so-called bubble jet printing devices).
- the determination of the change of state from gas to liquid, i.e. the dew point or the time the gas bubble collapses conveys the time for controlling the next heating cycle.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the change in the conductance of the heating elements as a function of the time during droplet generation, represented by the change in current over time.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the dependence of the evaporation and condensation parameters on the spray frequency.
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the invention for a bubble jet printer
- 4 and 5 are schematic representations of the detection of the changes in state in production by a printer-independent sensor device and the detection of the adjustment values stored in the print head in the printer.
- the ink drops are expelled by steam bubbles.
- Ink is evaporated on a very small heating surface to create a drop.
- the resulting vapor bubble enlarges and pushes the liquid ink out of the nozzle.
- the bladder then condenses and collapses.
- the heating elements consist of ink-resistant resistance elements, preferably of semiconductor material, which are controlled via a height defined in a square-wave voltage pulse. This can be done, for example, by connecting to a supply voltage. It can be observed that the size of the ejected Drops or their speed is dependent on the heating power, ie essentially on the level of the voltage pulse.
- the transition ie the change of state from liquid to gaseous causes a faster " change in the resistance or conductance value on the heating element.
- FIG. 1 shows in principle the standardized representation of the changes in the conductance of the heating element, expressed by the change in current A.J in the heating element as a function of the time T when a constant excitation pulse of defined length is applied.
- the current change ⁇ 3 is based on the initial current value at the start of heating.
- a rectangular pulse with a pulse voltage level of 22.5 V and a duration of 6 ⁇ s is applied to a semiconductor heating element of a commercially available bubble jet print head. From the standardized representation it can be seen that the change in current and thus the change in the conductance up to the point in time of the formation of vapor bubbles TV due to the heating shows approximately a T course. At the time of the vapor bubble formation TV, a kink in the curve can be observed, since due to the reduced heat dissipation at the heating element, the heating element now heats up more and thus the conductance changes faster.
- the evaporation time is defined by the evaporation time TV and the evaporation conductance measured via the current change ⁇ OV.
- the heating element cools down again and at time TK the vapor bubble condenses. This changes the rate of change in the conductance value and thus causes a new kink in the conductance curve.
- the time of condensation is defined by the change in current ⁇ JK at the time of condensation TK.
- the dependence of the evaporation and condensation parameters as a function of the spray frequency F is now shown in FIG.
- the ordinate denotes the current change values .DELTA.I and the evaporation time TV on the one hand through the value scale 1-10 and the condensation time TK on the other hand through the value scale 27-35.
- the abscissa shows the operating frequency F in a logarithmic representation.
- the continuous operating frequency of the ink print head described here is 1.2 kHz (FD).
- the print head temperature increases with increasing spray frequency F.
- the evaporation and condensation temperatures behave like fixed points. Therefore the distance of the
- Base temperature to the evaporation and condensation temperatures is lower at high frequencies, which is shown in the falling current or conductance changes ⁇ iv, ⁇ IK of the evaporation points or the condensation points.
- the time TV decreases until the evaporation occurs.
- the time until complete condensation TK increases with increasing base temperature.
- the change in the conductance or resistance to be determined at the time of evaporation and the time of condensation and thus the change in state of the writing medium is detected by a sensor
- the evaporation time TV determined from the start of heating to the time of evaporation or the time of condensation TK is a measure for the degree of heating of the heating elements and, in principle, a temperature measurement by time measurement takes place when the change of state is detected. 1
- the change in state of the writing medium is described using a bubble jet printer.
- the invention can also be used to detect the change of state in thermal transfer printing devices.
- the heating energy can be limited in a simple manner.
- the heating pulse can be switched off immediately after evaporation.
- Frequencies avoided In the example shown in FIG. 1, e.g. shorten the heating time by 2 ⁇ s. At high 20 frequencies, it is 3 ⁇ s. This means a reduction in the thermal load on the print head to up to 40% of the original ones.
- the same write head can be achieved by dynamically switching off the heating pulse 25, a double write speed compared to the prior art. If one assumes normal printing of alphanumeric characters in which less than 5% of the area is actually printed, the increase in speed which can be achieved by the invention is approximately a factor of 10. The different loads on the individual elements are already included here .
- a functional test of the individual heating elements during operation is possible with the invention. If, for example, there is no 35 kink in the current change curve " ⁇ 10 (FIG. 1) representing the conductance during heating, this is a sign that no vapor bubble has been generated. Such a functional failure can then be displayed. Furthermore, it is possible with the invention to adapt the writing speed to the thermal load. This can be done, for example, by measuring the time until the change of state and controlling the printing speed after comparison with a limit value. The limit value can be recorded during a test run and optimized accordingly. Moreover, since the 'thermal load of the heating elements is measured individually for each heating element, the frequency can Schreibfre ⁇ after the thermally stressed the most heating element control.
- the total thermal load on the print head can also be calculated from the sequence of actuations of the heating elements and the result used for speed control.
- the invention enables dynamic adaptation of the writing speed.
- a bubble jet printer which is not shown in detail here, contains a writing head 10 with a number of heating elements 11 corresponding to the number of nozzles.
- the ink printing head 10 is moved line by line along a recording medium 12 by a mechanism, not shown, in writing operation and is dependent of which are controlled from a data source D - which can be, for example, a computer - via a central control ZS contained in the printer.
- the central control ZS is constructed in the usual manner, for example in accordance with that described in German Offenlegungsschrift 36 12 469, and controls the activation of the heating elements 11 by issuing activation pulses 13. In addition, it controls the movement of the printer carriage and the paper feed via the Motor control MS.
- a sensor device S is provided for recognizing the time of evaporation on the heating elements.
- an evaluation arrangement AA which evaluates the determined thermal state of the individual heating elements and feeds a link arrangement VA.
- the linkage arrangement VA brings together the evaluation results of all the heating elements 11 and generates a signal which controls the printing speed (operating frequency) and which is fed to the central control ZS.
- the function of the individual assemblies is as follows:
- the control pulse 13 emanating from the central control is fed to a counting device 14 in the evaluation arrangement AA and thus a counter 14 is reset.
- the control pulse 13 continues to reset an RS flip-flop 15 dynamically via the reset input R.
- the output of the flip-flop 15 is present at the input of an AND gate 16, the other input of which is in turn acted upon by the control pulse 13.
- a logic signal generated in this way is supplied to the counter 14 via a quartz 17 * clocked AND gate 18 and puts it into operation, and on the other hand it reaches a differential transformer 20 via a driver stage 19, as a result of which a heating current is supplied via a voltage source 21 is generated in the heating element 11 and in a comparison resistor 22.
- the comparative resistor 22 has approximately the size of the resistance of the heating element 11 and can e.g. for reasons of compensation in the ink print head 10 but be arranged separately from the heating elements 11.
- the resulting current in the heating element 11 is subtracted from the current through the comparison resistor 22 in the differential transformer 20 and the signal thus generated is filtered via a filter network 23.
- the comparator signal is only connected through the AND gate 29 after the time t from the triggering of the heating pulse via pulse 13 to the RS flip-flop 15, a comparator signal occurring at the time of evaporation ("high" signal).
- the RS flip-flop 15 is reset and the counter 14 is stopped.
- the meter reading thus corresponds to the heating time.
- the driver 19 is switched off at the same time, and thus the heating element 11. The heating energy is thus limited to the necessary amount.
- an error signal can be derived from the not yet reset state of the flip-flop 15, specifically via a corresponding error detection arrangement 30 by comparing the pulse 13 with the output of the RS Flip-flops 15.
- This error signal can be used to indicate errors, for example can be used on a display 31.
- the counter reading 14 resulting from the heating duration is compared via a comparator 32 with a limit value stored in a memory 33.
- This limit value stored in the memory 33 represents a minimum permissible value of the heating time. It is determined before the printing operation in a test run from the heating time in the cold state and is e.g. 90% of this heating time. This test run is e.g. performed in the manufacture of the ink print head.
- the digital comparator 32 supplies a signal to the linkage arrangement VA, which in this case consists of a multiple OR gate and which contains the individual channels, ie the brings together individual evaluation arrangements of the various heating elements.
- the digital comparator 32 supplies a signal to the multiple-OR gate VA, which switches the printing speed more slowly via the central control.
- the remaining inputs of the OR gate are connected to the comparator outputs of the other heating elements. The most heavily loaded heating element determines the printing speed.
- a signal corresponding to the change in conductance was generated in sensor S with the aid of a comparative resistor of a differential transformer.
- a comparative resistor of a differential transformer instead of such analog elements, however, other elements can also be used, e.g. a digital curve comparison or the like, so that there is no need for transformers.
- the sensor means' is integrated in the printer S.
- a printer-independent sensor device to detect the change in state of the heating elements during manufacture of the printhead and to assign it to each individual printhead as a comparison value. This can be done, for example, according to FIG.
- Manufacture of the change in state of the writing medium on the heating element is detected in the manner described with the aid of a standard pulse by current measurement and the heating time of the heating elements is measured until the state changes.
- This heating time is then stored in a coded form as a calibration value in some form on the ink print head, for example in a memory M or as a calibration element whose value can be changed (a potentiometer or the like).
- a corresponding sensing device FE (FIG. 5), which can consist, for example, of a conventional memory reading device, takes this adjustment value and, in decoded form, the evaluation device AA im Printer P too.
- a corresponding sensing device FE which can consist, for example, of a conventional memory reading device, takes this adjustment value and, in decoded form, the evaluation device AA im Printer P too.
- ⁇ IV current change as a measure of the evaporation conductance
- TK condensation time or time
- T3 switch-off time of the heating element
- Control pulses MS motor control
Landscapes
- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873730110 DE3730110A1 (de) | 1987-09-08 | 1987-09-08 | Druckeinrichtung mit einem elektrothermisch betriebenen druckkopf |
| DE3730110 | 1987-09-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0377599A1 true EP0377599A1 (de) | 1990-07-18 |
| EP0377599B1 EP0377599B1 (de) | 1992-11-25 |
Family
ID=6335514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88907115A Expired - Lifetime EP0377599B1 (de) | 1987-09-08 | 1988-08-05 | Druckeinrichtung mit einem elektrothermisch betriebenen druckkopf |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5122816A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0377599B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH03500149A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE3730110A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1989002367A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2071034T3 (es) * | 1989-09-18 | 1995-06-16 | Canon Kk | Impresion por chorros de tinta. |
| DE4020885A1 (de) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-01-09 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur einstellung der impulsspannung fuer heizwiderstaende bei tintendruckkoepfen |
| CA2085551C (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1997-11-25 | Atsushi Arai | Ink jet recording apparatus and method |
| DE4203294C2 (de) * | 1992-01-31 | 1997-09-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Betriebszustandsüberwachung von Tintendruckköpfen |
| US5223853A (en) * | 1992-02-24 | 1993-06-29 | Xerox Corporation | Electronic spot size control in a thermal ink jet printer |
| US5418558A (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1995-05-23 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Determining the operating energy of a thermal ink jet printhead using an onboard thermal sense resistor |
| JP3397371B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-27 | 2003-04-14 | キヤノン株式会社 | 記録装置および記録方法 |
| US5428376A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-06-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Thermal turn on energy test for an inkjet printer |
| JPH08276572A (ja) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-10-22 | Sharp Corp | インクジェットプリンター、及び、インクジェットプリンターの調整方法 |
| JP3472005B2 (ja) * | 1995-12-21 | 2003-12-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | 記録装置及び記録制御方法 |
| US6655775B1 (en) | 1996-10-15 | 2003-12-02 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Method and apparatus for drop weight encoding |
| US6276776B1 (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 2001-08-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Ink-jet printer and temperature control method of recording head |
| DE102006046399A1 (de) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fehlerverwaltung |
| WO2018143955A1 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-09 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Parallel/serial operational sequencing |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO824291L (no) * | 1981-12-29 | 1983-06-30 | Dainichi Nippon Cables Ltd | Adhesiv og fremgangsmaate for sammenfoeyning av polyolefin-gjenstander ved anvendelse derav |
| JPS58118267A (ja) * | 1982-01-08 | 1983-07-14 | Canon Inc | 液体吐出装置 |
| US4449033A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-05-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Thermal print head temperature sensing and control |
| US4704617A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-11-03 | Nippon Kogaku K. K. | Thermal system image recorder |
| DE3610081A1 (de) * | 1985-03-26 | 1986-10-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba, Kawasaki, Kanagawa | Thermokopf-treiberschaltung |
| US4893191A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1990-01-09 | Victor Company Of Japan, Ltd. | Gradation control device for thermal ink-transfer type printing apparatus |
-
1987
- 1987-09-08 DE DE19873730110 patent/DE3730110A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-08-05 DE DE8888907115T patent/DE3876244D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-05 EP EP88907115A patent/EP0377599B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-05 JP JP63506549A patent/JPH03500149A/ja active Pending
- 1988-08-05 WO PCT/DE1988/000484 patent/WO1989002367A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1988-08-05 US US07/490,677 patent/US5122816A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8902367A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03500149A (ja) | 1991-01-17 |
| DE3730110A1 (de) | 1989-03-16 |
| EP0377599B1 (de) | 1992-11-25 |
| DE3876244D1 (de) | 1993-01-07 |
| US5122816A (en) | 1992-06-16 |
| WO1989002367A1 (fr) | 1989-03-23 |
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