EP0377980A2 - Keramik-Harzzusammensetzungen enthaltende Musikinstrumente - Google Patents

Keramik-Harzzusammensetzungen enthaltende Musikinstrumente Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0377980A2
EP0377980A2 EP89313153A EP89313153A EP0377980A2 EP 0377980 A2 EP0377980 A2 EP 0377980A2 EP 89313153 A EP89313153 A EP 89313153A EP 89313153 A EP89313153 A EP 89313153A EP 0377980 A2 EP0377980 A2 EP 0377980A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
instrument
resin
musical instrument
machinable ceramic
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89313153A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0377980A3 (en
EP0377980B1 (de
Inventor
Hiroaki C/O Inax Corporation Kuno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inax Corp
Original Assignee
Inax Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inax Corp filed Critical Inax Corp
Priority to AT89313153T priority Critical patent/ATE94676T1/de
Publication of EP0377980A2 publication Critical patent/EP0377980A2/de
Publication of EP0377980A3 publication Critical patent/EP0377980A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0377980B1 publication Critical patent/EP0377980B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
    • G10D9/08—Material for manufacturing wind musical instruments; Treatment of the material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to musical instruments such as wind and string instruments comprising ceramic-resin composites.
  • Woodwind instruments such as clarinets have been substantially made from wood.
  • Such instruments have defects in that cracking, breakage and the like sometimes develop in the instruments in long-term use thereof and also noises are sometimes produced in strong or large sounds. More specifically, (1) wind instruments comprising wood materials generally produce poor low- and high-­pitched tones because wood materials are soft, (2) wind instruments comprising metal materials generally produce poor low-pitched tones and too rich overtones because of low rigidity of metal materials, and (3) string wood instruments generally produce non-uniform tone qualities because of non-uniform vibration of the wood bodies thereof, except for very high-class instruments.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide musical instruments comprising a machinable ceramic-resin composite material wherein the above-mentioned problems are substantially eliminated.
  • a musical instrument in which a major portion of the instrument body, where a wood and/or metal material has been used, comprises a machinable ceramic-resin composite material, the machinable ceramic containing substantially continuous micropores and being impregnated with a resin material, the resin material being hardened, and the composite material being machine-processed.
  • the musical instruments according to the invention in which a major portion of the instrument body, where a wood and/or metal material has been used, comprises a machinable ceramic-­resin composite material can be readily produced by a method which comprises impregnating a machinable ceramic article containing substantially continuous micropores with a liquid resin material and hardening the resin material, and processing the resulting machinable ceramic-resin composite article into an instrument body or body parts thereof having such shapes that a conventional wood and/or metal material has been used for the instrument body.
  • the instrument body is composed of a plurality of body parts, such body parts of the composite material are produced as mentioned above and assembled into the instrument body. The instrument body is then assembled with accessories into a musical instrument.
  • the musical instruments intended in the invention include, for example, wind instruments such as clarinet, oboe, flute, piccolo and bassoon; string instruments such as violin and cello; percussion musical instruments such as xylophone, etc.
  • body of the instrument or “instrument body” means a main body part of the instrument which produces or increases sound tones, for example, a cylindrical tube with or without flaring end of wind instruments; a sound board or box of string instruments; bars of xylophone; etc.
  • the machinable ceramic articles used in the present invention are needed to have substantially continuous micropores, so that the ceramics can be effectively impregnated with resin materials and then hardened.
  • the amount of the micropores in the ceramic expressed by water absorption capacity (the weight increase of a ceramic article owing to absorbed water when the article is soaked in water for about 24 hours), is usually about 3 to 40 % by weight and preferably about 5 to 25 % by weight.
  • the diameter of the micropores is desired to be considerably small in view of strength and homogeneity.
  • the average diameter is usually not more than 100 microns, preferably not more than 10 microns, more preferably not more than 5 microns, and typically about 5 to 0.1 micron.
  • machinable ceramic means ceramics which can be readily subjected to machine processing such as cutting, boring, drilling and grinding without cutting fractures such as chipping, cracking or breaking.
  • the machinability of the ceramics can be defined by the cutting speed thereof by means of a lathe with a tungsten carbide (WC) bit [a bit-moving speed of 0.097 mm/rotation, a bit-notch depth of 2 ⁇ 4 mm].
  • the machinable ceramics used in the present invention have a peripheral cutting speed of not lower than 30 m/min., preferably not lower than 50 m/min. and more preferably not lower than 70 meters/minute under the above-mentioned cutting conditions.
  • the ceramic material used in the working examples given below had a machinability (cutting speed) of more than 70 meters/minute without cutting fracture.
  • the machinable ceramics used in the invention can be produced from a raw material mixture comprising, for example, 20 to 50 parts of CaO, 45 to 70 parts of SiO2 and 0.1 to 25 parts of MgO on a weight basis by molding the material and then sintering the molded article at a maximum temperature of not lower than 1000°C and generally not higher than 1400°C, preferably not lower than 1100°C , more preferablly not lower than 1150°C, and typically 1200 to 1350°C.
  • the raw material can comprise the above-mentioned CaO/SiO2/MgO components, based on the total weight of the raw material, in an amount of not less than 60%, preferably not less than 70% and more preferably not less than 80%; and the raw material can contain not more than 20 % of other alkali/alkaline-earth metal oxide components and not more than 20% of other sintering mineral components based on the total weight of the raw material.
  • the sintered ceramics used as a material of the musical instruments are preferably those having a composition of CaO, SiO2 and MgO which is defined by the region or area surrounded by points 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in FIG. 2.
  • Each of the points 1 ⁇ 7 in FIG. 2 corresponds to the compositions shown in the following table. (% by weight) Point CaO SiO2 MgO 1 25.7 55.5 18.8 2 35.4 51.6 13.0 3 36.5 51.3 12.2 4 47.4 51.6 1.0 5 45.9 53.1 1.0 6 31.2 61.7 7.1 7 30.2 61.5 8.3
  • Such sintered ceramics are obtained, for example, by blending CaO, SiO2 and MgO in such a ratio that the resulting composition may fall within a range of the area surrounded by the points 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in FIG. 2, molding the mixture and then firing the resulting molded article, for example, at a temperature higher than 1200°C and not higher than 1350°C.
  • a raw material of the CaO and SiO2 can be used natural or synthetic ⁇ CaO ⁇ SiO2 such as wollastonite and xonotlite.
  • the MgO material can be used talc, dolomite, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and magnesium oxide.
  • the above-mentioned sintered ceramics containing CaO-MgO-­SiO2 component systems are very good in cut-machinability.
  • the ⁇ -wollastonite ( ⁇ CaO ⁇ SiO2) contained in the raw material is aggregated crystals of triclinic system which have grown in the form of platelets and has an excellent cut- machina­bility.
  • monoclinic ⁇ -wollastonite is crystallized out of the ⁇ CaO ⁇ SiO2, which results in imparing the cut-machinability thereof.
  • MgO is added to the ⁇ -wollastonite in order to raise the transition temperature of the ⁇ -wollastonite to ⁇ -­wollastonite.
  • the resulting mixture can be fired at the high temperature to obtain good machinability of the ⁇ -­wollastonite and high mechanical strength.
  • the amount of MgO is too much, the resulting sintered ceramic becomes too hard and is decreased in the cut-machinability thereof.
  • sintered ceramics having a composition within a region surrounded by points 1 ⁇ 7 in FIG. 2 are preferred.
  • the sintered ceramic article which has been formed upon firing into a predetermined shape is degassed in a vacuum apparatus.
  • the degassed sintered ceramic article can be satisfactorily impregnated with a resin by soaking the article in a liquid resin (preferably with pressurization of the liquid resin).
  • the impregnated liquid resin is then hardened by heating or the like.
  • acrylic resins e.g. polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
  • epoxy resins epoxy resins
  • saturated or unsaturated polyester resins silicone resins, and mixtures thereof.
  • voids formed in the sintered article are substantially filled with the resin to lose water absorption property and air permeability from the sintered ceramic article, whereby bending strength thereof is increased and non-vibration property thereof is much enhanced.
  • the ceramic article can be processed into the body parts of a clarinet body and assembled into the body as shown in FIG.1 by optionally utilizing working machines such as lathes.
  • the inside portions and outer precise portions of the ceramic clarinet body parts can be formed by cutting operations by means of a boring machine and a lathe equipped with super-hard tools and other working machines. Since the sintered ceramic article is excellent in cut-machinability as mentioned above, it can be subjected to processing such as cutting, drilling, grooving, etc. without generating cracks, chipping or the like to give a clarinet body wherein the surface precision and the like of the inner walls of the clarinet are enhanced.
  • the thickness of the machine-processed instrument body is generally smaller than that of a conventional wood body.
  • the sintered ceramic article Since the sintered ceramic article has such excellent cut-­machinability, it can be shaped into musical instruments such as clarinets having excellent precision, which are provided with sound tones unique to sintered ceramics and excellent durability. Moreover, by coloring the resin to be used for the impregnation, the musical instruments can have, for example, a wood-like color or other colors as desired. Thus, it ispossible to give good fashionability to the musical instruments.
  • xonotlite and 10 parts by weight of talc (CaO: 44% by weight, SiO2: 53% by weight, MgO: 3% by weight) were dry-blended in an Eirich mixer for 5 minutes, and then 16% (outer percentage) by weight of water was added thereto.
  • the resulting mixture was allowed to stand under a sealed state for 24 hours to give a raw mixture material in which the water content thereof has been homogenized.
  • the raw material was placed in a mold for clarinet body parts and molded at 450 Kgf/cm2.
  • the molded articles were dried at 80°C for 24 hours and then fired.
  • the firing was carried out in an electric furnace by raising temperature therein from room temperature to 1250°C at a rate of 10°C/min., firing the articles at 1250°C for 60 minutes, and then allowing the articles to cool to room temperature in the furnace.
  • the resulting sintered articles have a composition of ⁇ -­wollastonite ( ⁇ CaO ⁇ SiO2) in which Mg was dissolved. They had a water absorption capacity of 10.3% and were very excellent in cut-machinability. They had a bending strength of 500 Kg/cm2.
  • the sintered articles were sealed in a vacuum apparatus and PMMA was introduced with pressure to impregnate the sintered articles with the PMMA in the vacuum apparatus.
  • the sintered articles thus impregnated therewith had a water absorption capacity and air permeability of almost zero, which proved that the water absorption property and air permeability thereof had been eliminated.
  • the materials thus obtained were lathed and bored by means of super-hard tools, and machined along the periphery thereof to give body parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 of a clarinet, and then the body parts were assembled together with a conventional blast pipe 5 into a clarinet body as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the numeral 7 shows joints of the body and the numeral 6 shows a partially broken cross-sectional portion of the drawing.
  • the clarinet body was equipped with keys and other conventional accessories.
  • the resulting clarinet of the invention produced satisfactory tones.
  • Flute was produced in the same way as in Example 1.
  • the flute of the present invention was evaluated to be usable as a professional instrument by Mr. J. Hosokawa, a chief flutist of the NHK Orchestra of Japan.
  • the sound boards and ribs of violin were produced in the same way as in Example 1, and fabricated into a sound box with adhesive. The sound box was then assembled into a violin with other conventional parts and accessories. The resulting violin was evaluated to be usable as a professional instrument by Ms. Y. Sato, a solo violinist in Japan.
  • the bars of xylophone were produced in the same way as in Example 1. The bars were then assembled into a xylophone with other conventional parts. The resulting xylophone produced satisfactory tones.
  • the instrument bodies of clarinet and flute were produced from the machinable porous ceramic articles not impregnated with resin, as in Examples 1 and 2 for comparison.
  • the resulting clarinet and flute failed to substantially produce sounds.
  • the sound boards and ribs of violin were produced from sintered alumina ceramic plates having no continuous pores, and they were fabricated into a sound box with adhesive, as in Example 3.
  • the resulting violin for comparison produced poor sounds and was not usable as an instrument.
  • the instrument bodies produced from machinable ceramic-resin composites, in which sintered ceramics having good cut-machinability are impregnated with resins. Due to the properties of the sintered machinable ceramics, the composites are provided with excellent high temperature resistance, mechanical strength, durability without cracks or breaking, etc. The composites are also provided with good non-­water absorption, non-air permeability, non-vibration properties, due to the impregnated resins. Moreover, the composites can be machine-processed with good surface precision, and can also have various colors by coloring the resins.
  • the present instruments comprising the instrument bodies of the composites exhibit good tone qualities combined with dynamic tones due to hard ceramics and wood-like natural tones due to soft resins, as well as exhibit uniform broad tone ranges without noise sounds in both pitch ranges and dynamic ranges because of uniform constructions and non-vibration properties of the ceramic-resin composites.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
EP89313153A 1989-01-09 1989-12-15 Keramik-Harzzusammensetzungen enthaltende Musikinstrumente Expired - Lifetime EP0377980B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89313153T ATE94676T1 (de) 1989-01-09 1989-12-15 Keramik-harzzusammensetzungen enthaltende musikinstrumente.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2376/89 1989-01-09
JP1002376A JPH02181787A (ja) 1989-01-09 1989-01-09 セラミックス製楽器

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0377980A2 true EP0377980A2 (de) 1990-07-18
EP0377980A3 EP0377980A3 (en) 1990-12-19
EP0377980B1 EP0377980B1 (de) 1993-09-15

Family

ID=11527529

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89313153A Expired - Lifetime EP0377980B1 (de) 1989-01-09 1989-12-15 Keramik-Harzzusammensetzungen enthaltende Musikinstrumente

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0377980B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02181787A (de)
AT (1) ATE94676T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68909204D1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29613931U1 (de) * 1996-08-12 1996-10-02 Langhammer, Norbert, 77652 Offenburg Saiteninstrument, insbesondere Gitarre
WO2001010794A1 (fr) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-15 Inax Corporation Procede de production d'un produit en ceramique et produit en ceramique
DE10051700A1 (de) * 2000-10-18 2002-05-02 Synotec Psychoinformatik Gmbh Labial- oder Lingualpfeife
DE19956881B4 (de) * 1999-11-26 2005-01-27 Staatliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Meissen Gmbh Orgelpfeifen und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Orgelpfeifen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6179264B2 (ja) * 2013-08-09 2017-08-16 ヤマハ株式会社 管楽器用ベル、管楽器及び縁輪

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4308784A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-01-05 Eizonas Thomas S Ceramic parts for stringed musical instruments

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29613931U1 (de) * 1996-08-12 1996-10-02 Langhammer, Norbert, 77652 Offenburg Saiteninstrument, insbesondere Gitarre
WO2001010794A1 (fr) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-15 Inax Corporation Procede de production d'un produit en ceramique et produit en ceramique
EP1215185A4 (de) * 1999-08-04 2003-06-18 Inax Corp Verfahren zur herstellung eines keramischen produktes und keramisches produkt
US6713130B1 (en) 1999-08-04 2004-03-30 Inax Corporation Method to produce a ceramic product having controlled modules of elasticity and internal friction characteristics
DE19956881B4 (de) * 1999-11-26 2005-01-27 Staatliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Meissen Gmbh Orgelpfeifen und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Orgelpfeifen
DE10051700A1 (de) * 2000-10-18 2002-05-02 Synotec Psychoinformatik Gmbh Labial- oder Lingualpfeife

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02181787A (ja) 1990-07-16
EP0377980A3 (en) 1990-12-19
DE68909204D1 (de) 1993-10-21
ATE94676T1 (de) 1993-10-15
EP0377980B1 (de) 1993-09-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6233825B1 (en) Metallic stringed musical instrument body and method of making said body
MacVicar et al. Aging mechanisms in cellulose fiber reinforced cement composites
US20140311315A1 (en) Musical instrument with aggregate shell and foam filled core
EP0377980B1 (de) Keramik-Harzzusammensetzungen enthaltende Musikinstrumente
JPH08504039A (ja) 音を発生させる吹奏楽器用リード
US4749667A (en) Alumina - zirconia ceramics reinforced with silicon carbide whiskers and methods of making the same
US4977808A (en) Stringed musical instrument with a solid body made of clay based material
US20080028911A1 (en) Audio device having dense sound enhancing component
US3759132A (en) Composite woodwind reed
US6713130B1 (en) Method to produce a ceramic product having controlled modules of elasticity and internal friction characteristics
US4972751A (en) Rotary valves for brass wind instruments
EP4163072A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines mundstücks für ein blasinstrument
Wu et al. Carbonation of natural fibers reinforced MgO-SiO2 (NFs-MS) composites
US4975318A (en) Improved acoustic carbon diaphragm
EP0379291A2 (de) Drehventile für Blechblasinstrumente
US6686522B2 (en) Musical instrument with a body made of polyurethane foam
JPH02275787A (ja) 着色セラミック製品の製造法
KR100419181B1 (ko) 폴리우레탄 포움재 본체부를 구비한 전기기타 또는 피아노
US7645354B1 (en) Audio device having dense sound enhancing component
JP3300010B2 (ja) モデル材料
JP6581005B2 (ja) Ｃｆｒｐ成形用の成形型基材及びその製造方法
US5733671A (en) Cellulose fiber reinforced cementitious materials and method of producing same
CN116092455A (zh) 一种瓷编磬及其制作方法
CN112708226B (zh) 一种吸音降噪的室内装饰材料及其制备方法
JPS633760B2 (de)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI

RHK1 Main classification (correction)

Ipc: G10D 1/00

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19901207

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19921029

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19930915

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19930915

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19930915

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19930915

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19930915

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19930915

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 94676

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19931015

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 68909204

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19931021

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19931215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

EN Fr: translation not filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19931215

26N No opposition filed