EP0380593A1 - Procede de soudage a haute pression - Google Patents

Procede de soudage a haute pression

Info

Publication number
EP0380593A1
EP0380593A1 EP89902114A EP89902114A EP0380593A1 EP 0380593 A1 EP0380593 A1 EP 0380593A1 EP 89902114 A EP89902114 A EP 89902114A EP 89902114 A EP89902114 A EP 89902114A EP 0380593 A1 EP0380593 A1 EP 0380593A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
interface
bonding process
bodies
accordance
improved bonding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89902114A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0380593A4 (fr
Inventor
Shane J. Findlan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electric Power Research Institute Inc
Original Assignee
Electric Power Research Institute Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electric Power Research Institute Inc filed Critical Electric Power Research Institute Inc
Publication of EP0380593A4 publication Critical patent/EP0380593A4/fr
Publication of EP0380593A1 publication Critical patent/EP0380593A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
    • B23K20/021—Isostatic pressure welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/001—Turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to metal working processes and more particularly to improved HIP Bonding processes particularly suited for bonding austenitic materials.
  • the invention which is the subject matter of this patent application comprises an improved Pressure Bonding process.
  • the invention was reduced to practice as a result of and is described with respect to its use to implant a fault of known characteristic in a larger body of austenitic material.
  • the hereinafter described bonding process has many uses.
  • a fault having the desired characteristics was formed in a surface of a first body of austenitic material and implanted in a larger body of austenitic material by bonding the first body of austenitic material to a second similar body.
  • the larger body of austenitic material was machined to form a cylindrical structure (fault sample) containing the fault with the fault positioned at a predetermined location therein.
  • a cylindrical cavity having a diameter less than the diameter of the cylindrical structure was machined in a third body of austenitic material .
  • the cylindrical structure and the third body were respectively cryogenically cooled and heated to insert the cylindrical structure into the cavity. After insertion of the cylindrical structure, the combined structure was stabilized to a uniform temperature causing an interference fit creating sufficient pressure at the interface formed by the interior of the cavity and the outer surface of the cylindrical structure to cause localized cold working of the interface surfaces.
  • a non-oxidizing atmosphere was established around the combined structure and the interface sealed.
  • a bond free of detectable variations in grain structure was formed along the interface using a HIP bonding cycle without significantly altering the original grain structure of portions of the austenitic material which had not been subjected to cold working.
  • Figure 1 is a drawing illustrating two bodies of austenitic material used to form the fault sample.
  • Figure 2 is a drawing illustrating two bodies of austenitic material assembled for HIP bonding.
  • Figure 3 is a drawing illustrating a fault implanted in a body of austenitic material.
  • Figure 4 is a drawing illustrating the fault sample after final machining .
  • Figure 5 is a drawing illustrating a third body of austenitic material including a cylindrical cavity machined therein.
  • Figure 6 is a drawing illustrating the test structure after final assembly.
  • Figure 7 is a drawing illustrating the test structure after bonding and final machining.
  • Figure 8 is a flow chart illustrating a process for preparing the defect sample.
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart for the Bonding Process comprising the invention.
  • Figures 1 through 4 illustrates the fault sample at various stages of assembly.
  • the desired fault is implanted into a fault sample which is in turn implanted into a larger body to form a test structure.
  • first and second bodies, 20 and 22, of austenitic material are utilized to form the fault sample 34 (Figure 4).
  • Two similar interfaces, 24 and 26, of the bodies of materials, 20 and 22, are severely cold-worked using any suitable machining technique.
  • a fault 28 having the desired characteristics is formed in one surface, for example surface 26 of body 22, using any suitable prior art techniques.
  • the first and second bodies of materials, 20 and 22, are positioned in contacting end-to-end relationship to each other and sealed around the periphery of the interface formed by the contacting surfaces by welding in a protective atmosphere.
  • the seal weld is illustrated at reference numeral 30.
  • a single unitary body 32 is formed by HIP bonding the bodies, 20 and 22, together. The body 32 is then machined to form a cylindrical fault sample 34 containing the fault 28 therein.
  • the fault 28 may be formed as complementary portions in the surfaces, 24 and 26, of the bodies, 20 and 22. While conventional HIP bonding processes have been successfully used to bond relatively small components, such as for forming the fault sample 34, they have not proved successful in bonding larger components. These difficulties with the prior art processes are believed to be caused by an inability of these processes to maintain a suitable interface between the components to be bonded as the size of the interfacing surfaces of the components increases.
  • the fault sample 34 was implanted into a third larger body of identical material at a predetermined location. Specifically, the fault sample 34 was inserted into a cylindrical cavity 40 in a third body 42 of austenitic material. The diameter of the cavity 40 is smaller than the outer diameter of the fault sample 34 producing an interference fit.
  • Insertion of the fault sample 34 into the cavity 40 was facilitated by heating the third body 42 and cryogenically cooling the fault sample 34. After insertion of the fault sample 34 into the body of material 42 the resulting test structure was stabilized to a uniform temperature resulting in extreme pressure at the interface of the body of austenitic material 42 and the fault sample 34. This pressure causes cold-working of the interfacing surfaces. Seal welding in a protective atmosphere was utilized along the upper and lower surfaces of the third body of material 42 and the fault sample 34 to seal the interface. This results in the assembled test structure illustrated in Figure 6.
  • the assembled test structure was subjected to a HIP bonding cycle to form a unitary body free of abnormalities at the interface of the third body of austenitic material 42 and the fault sample 34 without causing undesirable metallurgical changes in the other portions of the structure.
  • the bond forms as the grains comprising the cold-worked surfaces reform into larger grains extending across the interface. As previously discussed, this grain regrowth restores the original grain structure along the bond and progresses to completion without altering the grain structure of portions of the austenitic material which have not been subjected to cold working.
  • test component can be machined into any desired configuration.
  • development program it was machined into a rectangular body as illustrated in Figure 7 which was subjected to various tests to demonstrate that the improved bonding process performed as desired.
  • Figure 8 is a flow chart of the process utilized to form the fault sample 34.
  • the first step is to cut the austenitic material to form the two substantially identical bodies, 20 and 26, which are subsequently HIP bonded to form the fault sample 34 ( Figure 4) .
  • This step is functionally illustrated at reference numeral 60, Figure 8.
  • Cold worked surfaces, 24 and 26 are produced by machining selected surfaces of the two rectangular bodies, 20 and 22.
  • a fault 28 is fabricated using any desired process. These steps are functionally illustrated at reference numerals, 62 and 64.
  • the fault 28 is installed in at least one surface of the bodies, 20 and 22. Protection for the interface is provided by a seal weld as illustrated in Figure 2. Process steps producing these results are illustrated at reference numerals, 66 and 68.
  • the fault sample is HIP Bonded and machined into final form to produce the fault sample 34 as illustrated at reference numerals, 70 and 72.
  • the first step in the process is to machine the cavity 40 in the third body of austenitic material 42, as functionally illustrated at reference numeral 80.
  • the fault sample 34 is installed into the cavity by heating the third body of austenitic material 42 and cooling the fault sample 34.
  • This process is functionally illustrated at reference numeral 82.
  • the interface is welded to seal the junction and the combined structure HIP bonded, as functionally illustrated at Reference Numerals, 84 and 86.
  • the test structure is machined into the desired configuration, as functionally illustrated at Reference Numeral 88.
  • Process parameters such as pressure and temperature for performing the above described bonds are determined by the characteristics of the materials . Selection of these parameters is within the capability of those skilled in the art. Also, the process can be used to bond materials other than the austenitic materials described above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé permettant d'introduire un corps cylindrique (34) dans un corps plus grand (42) par soudage. Le corps cylindrique (34) peut contenir des défauts (28) positionnés à un endroit déterminé. Après soudage, la structure combinée peut être usinée pour produire un corps contenant un défaut positionné à un endroit déterminé.
EP89902114A 1988-01-14 1989-01-10 Procede de soudage a haute pression Withdrawn EP0380593A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US144137 1988-01-14
PCT/US1989/000098 WO1989006583A1 (fr) 1988-01-14 1989-01-10 Procede de soudage a haute pression

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0380593A4 EP0380593A4 (fr) 1990-07-03
EP0380593A1 true EP0380593A1 (fr) 1990-08-08

Family

ID=22214775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89902114A Withdrawn EP0380593A1 (fr) 1988-01-14 1989-01-10 Procede de soudage a haute pression

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0380593A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989006583A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3559274A (en) * 1965-08-06 1971-02-02 Snam Progetti Process for the sheathing of tubular nuclear fuel elements
DE3115393C2 (de) * 1981-04-16 1984-11-15 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rohrverbindungsstückes
SE430481B (sv) * 1982-03-29 1983-11-21 Asea Ab Sett att sammanfoga delar av solitt material genom varm isostatisk pressning
GB2130509B (en) * 1982-11-16 1986-03-05 Rolls Royce A method for eliminating or minimising the effects of defects in materials
US4603801A (en) * 1984-07-24 1986-08-05 The Garrett Corporation Diffusion bonding of mechanically held components by hot isostatic pressure
DE3665030D1 (en) * 1985-06-11 1989-09-21 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Process for joining dispersion-hardened superalloy building elements by way of the press-bonding method
US4732312A (en) * 1986-11-10 1988-03-22 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Method for diffusion bonding of alloys having low solubility oxides

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
No further document *
See also references of WO8906583A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1989006583A1 (fr) 1989-07-27
EP0380593A4 (fr) 1990-07-03

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