EP0386479A2 - Générateur d'ondes de choc - Google Patents

Générateur d'ondes de choc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0386479A2
EP0386479A2 EP90102352A EP90102352A EP0386479A2 EP 0386479 A2 EP0386479 A2 EP 0386479A2 EP 90102352 A EP90102352 A EP 90102352A EP 90102352 A EP90102352 A EP 90102352A EP 0386479 A2 EP0386479 A2 EP 0386479A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wave generator
source
reflector
shock wave
flat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90102352A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0386479B1 (fr
EP0386479A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Grünewald
Harald Dipl.-Phys. Eizenhöfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH filed Critical Dornier Medizintechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0386479A2 publication Critical patent/EP0386479A2/fr
Publication of EP0386479A3 publication Critical patent/EP0386479A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0386479B1 publication Critical patent/EP0386479B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/04—Sound-producing devices
    • G10K15/043—Sound-producing devices producing shock waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
    • G10K11/26—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning
    • G10K11/28—Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using reflection, e.g. parabolic reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shock wave source according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a punctiform shock wave source for lithotripters is known from DE-PS 23 51 247.
  • a flat shock wave source is known from DE-OS 31 19 295. It is made up of individual piezoceramic elements. This area source is either self-focusing as a spherical cap or it is provided with an imaging system such as reflectors or lenses for the necessary focusing. The formation of a shock front from a sound pressure pulse at the area source is given by nonlinear propagation with sufficient intensity.
  • a shock wave source for non-contact lithotripsy which has a flat wave generator (an electromagnetic shock wave tube) and a parabolic reflector. This focuses the flat shock wave on the concretion in the patient's body.
  • This shock wave source forms the preamble of claim 1.
  • the following essential technical requirements can be derived from a shock wave system: - high dynamic performance - Good focusing of the most unipolar pulses possible - little pressure and especially tension when entering the patient - Good and accurate location options using ultrasound and / or X-ray - compact construction - long life span.
  • the source is arranged in a ring in the plane of incidence of the paraboloid, so that a kind of "perforated cylinder" results because of the finite thickness.
  • the hole in the middle is necessary because the focus is on the source side.
  • the axial opening i.e. the ring-shaped design of the source, makes sense, since at a certain minimum aperture angle, the reflected sound is reflected from the upper paraboloid edge onto the source and would therefore be lost for focusing.
  • the reflected, spherically convergent wavefront is therefore focused on a high aperture with a free central area, which is then available, for example, for location systems.
  • the possibilities of the arrangement are very variable - so the effective depth of focus can be reduced if the ring of the source has such a large inner radius that it can be put around the patient. The focus is then between the source and the reflector.
  • the limiting factor for the inner radius here is not the shading of the source itself, but the space for the patient or the part of the patient to be treated in the space between the reflector and the source.
  • the focus is behind the Shock wave source.
  • the shock waves run through the hole in the middle towards this point.
  • Advantages of this source / reflector geometry can be mentioned: - High variability and flexibility regarding the size of the source, so that the flat surface source can be designed according to performance requirements and performance options. - The arrangement can be used equally for piezoelectric as well as for electromagnetic sound pulse generation. - The flat shape of the source simplifies high-performance design (insulation, contacting). - Good focusing due to high aperture and sound field freedom in the middle. - The central freedom from the sound field leaves enough space for positioning systems (ultrasound and / or X-ray). - Location and shock wave do not interfere. - Reduction of the axial pressure and, in particular, tensile components due to central freedom from sound fields.
  • a cylindrical source which emits with its outer surface onto the reflector surrounding it.
  • This reflector is generated by rotating a partial parabola around a line that is perpendicular to the focal point of the Parabola runs and at the same time represents the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical source.
  • a cylinder shaft is generated by the cylinder jacket which radiates sound radially outwards.
  • This arrangement can be realized, for example, by a compact tube made of piezoceramic, on the lateral surface of which the piezoceramic elements are arranged. This geometry allows a high variability in terms of focus length and aperture, similar to the design of the ellipsoid reflector for underwater spark discharge, especially if the source has a high power density.
  • an electromagnetic source in cylinder geometry i.e. a longitudinal coil with a conductive cylinder jacket as a radiating membrane.
  • the sound source then consists of a coil, insulation and a conductive outer cylinder which is deflected radially outward when the coil is subjected to current or pulses due to the repulsive force effect between the primary and secondary-induced current.
  • the technical problems such as tightness and precise coupling between the coil, membrane and insulation, as well as the expansion in the circumferential direction with radial expansion (radiation) are manageable. In addition to the necessary total area, these determine the minimum radius.
  • a single-layer cylindrical coil (flat coil) is used, which can be wound from flat conductor tracks that are applied to an insulator carrier.
  • the cylindrical membrane can, for example, be composed of a copper layer and a stainless steel layer.
  • the copper layer ensures good electrical properties
  • the stainless steel jacket provides good mechanical strength.
  • cylindrical membrane from a plurality of metal layers which are separated from one another by insulating foils, as has already been proposed in German patent application P 37 43 822. This can reduce eddy current losses.
  • One possible implementation is e.g. in the use of e.g. 10 mm wide copper ribbon with a thickness of e.g. 0.2 mm, matched to the penetration depth of the field for a given pulse duration and the necessary mechanical stability of the cylinder jacket membrane.
  • the thickness of the insulation determines the high voltage strength.
  • An exemplary usable copper flat tape insulated with Kapton should be at least three times as wide as the copper track for the insulation strength of the coil in the longitudinal direction (winding direction).
  • the membrane can then be shrunk onto the coil without any gaps. This can e.g. by heating, sliding open and then cooling.
  • FIG. 1 shows a patient's body K and a shock wave source, consisting of the wave generator W and the reflector R.
  • the wave generator W is designed here as a cylinder, on the top surface D of which faces the reflector R, the radiating elements E (for example piezo elements or an electromagnetic coil) are arranged are.
  • the elements E radiate the waves to the left towards the reflector R, from where they are focused on the focal point F, which lies on the central axis A of the reflector.
  • the reflector R is filled with a liquid and sealed off from the body K with a membrane. Possible coupling pads are not shown here.
  • the wave normals of shock waves, which are generated by the elements E, run to the left onto the reflector, are reflected from there, and meet at the focal point F are drawn in.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment in which the shock wave source has a cylindrical wave generator W, in which the radiating elements E are applied to the outer surface M of the wave generator.
  • the elements E radiate radially outwards.
  • the shock waves are in turn focused by the reflector R on the focal point F, which lies on the one hand in the patient's body K and on the other hand on the axis of symmetry A of the shock wave source.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a wave generator as can be used in the shock wave source of FIG. 2.
  • the wave generator W here consists of a ceramic or glass-like carrier T, around which a flat coil FS is wound.
  • This coil can be constructed from discrete copper wire, it can also be made by copper-coated Kapton, which is appropriately etched so that a single copper strip remains, which was then wound up.
  • This carrier T with flat coil FS is surrounded by a cylindrical membrane Z which surrounds the carrier T like a jacket M.
  • the cylinder diaphragm Z in this version consists of a copper layer Cu and a stainless steel layer Ed.
  • the insulation (not shown) between the tape reel FS and the copper membrane Z can consist of a separate layer of Kapton; it can be taken over by the copper-coated, etched-off Kapton foil itself with a suitable winding technique, as described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the gap visible in the figure between the insulation of the coil FS and the membrane Z should be designed as narrow as possible, ideally zero.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a shock wave source with the radially radiating cylindrical wave generator W and the reflector R which surrounds it. Realizable size relationships of the components to one another and angles can be read from this figure.
  • Figure 4 shows a scale (1: 2) implementation. The data in detail: - Coil length: 13 cm - Coil diameter: 6 cm - Focus length: 15 cm - aperture 42.40 - Paraboloid diameter: 27.4 cm
  • the radiating surface corresponds to that of a flat one EMSE with a diameter of almost 18 cm.
  • the finite radius of the cylinder source results in a minimal aperture angle, which, however, does not come about due to shading of the source. Extending the cylinder allows the surface to be enlarged, with the parabolic diameter increasing to the same extent.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically examples of two Kapton foils Ka, each carrying a strip of copper Cu.
  • the copper strip is applied in the middle on the left Kapton foil, on the right on the right.
  • the left Kapton layers then overlap over the previously wound copper layers Cu and serve as insulation there.
  • two insulation layers then overlap.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP90102352A 1989-03-09 1990-02-07 Générateur d'ondes de choc Expired - Lifetime EP0386479B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3907605 1989-03-09
DE3907605A DE3907605C2 (de) 1989-03-09 1989-03-09 Stosswellenquelle

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0386479A2 true EP0386479A2 (fr) 1990-09-12
EP0386479A3 EP0386479A3 (fr) 1991-05-29
EP0386479B1 EP0386479B1 (fr) 1996-10-23

Family

ID=6375909

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90102352A Expired - Lifetime EP0386479B1 (fr) 1989-03-09 1990-02-07 Générateur d'ondes de choc

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5174280A (fr)
EP (1) EP0386479B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0832265B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3907605C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2096564T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11065645B2 (en) 2015-04-24 2021-07-20 Les Solutions Medicales Soundbite Inc. Method and system for generating mechanical pulses

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DE102006050781A1 (de) * 2006-10-27 2008-04-30 Ast Gmbh Vorrichtung zur räumlichen Positionierung eines Gerätes
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11065645B2 (en) 2015-04-24 2021-07-20 Les Solutions Medicales Soundbite Inc. Method and system for generating mechanical pulses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0386479B1 (fr) 1996-10-23
DE3907605A1 (de) 1990-09-13
ES2096564T3 (es) 1997-03-16
JPH0832265B2 (ja) 1996-03-29
US5174280A (en) 1992-12-29
JPH02274242A (ja) 1990-11-08
EP0386479A3 (fr) 1991-05-29
DE3907605C2 (de) 1996-04-04

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