EP0387761B1 - Interrupteur automatique, en particulier disjonctueur de protection de ligne - Google Patents

Interrupteur automatique, en particulier disjonctueur de protection de ligne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0387761B1
EP0387761B1 EP90104653A EP90104653A EP0387761B1 EP 0387761 B1 EP0387761 B1 EP 0387761B1 EP 90104653 A EP90104653 A EP 90104653A EP 90104653 A EP90104653 A EP 90104653A EP 0387761 B1 EP0387761 B1 EP 0387761B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
pillars
webs
switch according
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90104653A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0387761A2 (fr
EP0387761A3 (fr
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Ostermann
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Orzechowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AEG Niederspannungstechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19893908102 external-priority patent/DE3908102A1/de
Priority claimed from DE4007606A external-priority patent/DE4007606A1/de
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of EP0387761A2 publication Critical patent/EP0387761A2/fr
Publication of EP0387761A3 publication Critical patent/EP0387761A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0387761B1 publication Critical patent/EP0387761B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular a miniature circuit breaker in a narrow construction cf. e.g. FR 25 75 861 B1.
  • switches with specially designed quenching chambers are known in a variety of designs.
  • the previously known switches contain an arc chamber with extinguishing plates assigned to the contact point within their insulating material housing in order to effectively extinguish the switching arc which arises in the event of a short-circuit shutdown.
  • a circuit breaker with integrated arcing means in the prechamber area consist of oppositely formed rows of ribs on the housing inner walls of the arc chamber.
  • a central channel remains between the rows of ribs, which have a tree-like structure or can also be formed as individual straight walls.
  • they are surrounded by grooves or notches, which in turn contain a deionized cold gas reserve and are intended to ensure gas recirculation in the direction of the contact zone when switched off.
  • the rib rows which are located freestanding in the middle of the prechamber area, only widen the creepage distance between the contacts, without the arc and the arc gases being guided in a targeted manner.
  • the shape and position of the grooves are essentially matched to the fact that a uniform thickness of the ribs is maintained in order to exclude cavities and unevenness in the housing parts. Design and press engineering measures are therefore in the foreground when designing the rib rows of this switch. Optimized gas recirculation and a rapid discharge of the switching arc from the contact point into the quenching plates, however, are not guaranteed with such a quenching chamber.
  • the invention has for its object to simplify the quenching chamber within its prechamber area in a self-switch of the aforementioned type, and to provide improved arc guidance and to bring about a particularly low flow resistance in the prechamber space, so that a quick and safe flow of the switching arc from the contact point into the Extinguishing sheet stack is ensured.
  • the design of the quenching chamber according to the invention is advantageous in that the switching arc, driven by the magnetic field of the arc guiding rails, is narrowly delimited between the protruding upper sides of webs which are closely adjacent there and from the end faces of a plurality of columns or pegs arranged in a distributed manner in the prechamber space and runs in a narrow gap.
  • this results in high arc acceleration with low gas pressure.
  • the drive effect of the gas-emitting material of the webs and columns is used in a targeted manner in order to exert an additional drive on the arc. With closed side panels, however, this effect is usually too strong.
  • the gas pressure arising in front of the migrating arc can relax in the spaces between the columns, so that the switching arc finds only a slight flow resistance in the direction of the quenching plates and can therefore run quickly and safely from the contact point.
  • any backward pressure difference in front of and behind the arc is effectively compensated for by backflow of the gases between the columns.
  • This pressure equalization also ensures good deionization of the area at risk of ignition at the contact point behind the arc.
  • the web-like sealing walls enlarge the creepage distances at the contact point. Since the web edges are only slightly loaded by the arc, there is a high insulation resistance even when the contacts are open.
  • the narrow circuit breaker has a housing (1) composed of two housing shells (1a, 1b), which accommodates a switching and release mechanism (2), which is only indicated, in the upper part.
  • the housing (1) made of thermosetting or thermoplastic molding compound is predominantly designed as an extinguishing chamber (3), which is largely filled with an extinguishing sheet stack (4) arranged parallel to the bottom surface (1c) of the switch.
  • the depth of the Extinguishing chamber between their at the inner side surfaces (3a, 3b) is predetermined, based on the standardized switch width, by the outer walls of the housing (1a ', 1b') in the wall thickness that is customary in terms of production technology.
  • arc guiding rails (6) and (7) which in turn are in the area a contact arrangement (5) located in the prechamber space (3c) of the arcing chamber.
  • the contact point with a single break in the funnel-shaped prechamber space (3c) on the right upper edge of the quenching chamber consists of a fixed contact piece (5a) which is connected to an output terminal (11) via current-carrying parts (10a) and a trigger coil (10), and one by one Fixed axis swiveling contact lever (5b). This is connected to an input terminal (13) via movable lines (12a, 12b) with the inclusion of a thermal release (12) and pivots counterclockwise when it is switched off.
  • Fixed contact piece (5a) and contact lever (5b) form an approximately U-shaped current loop at the actual contact point of contact together with their current leads. which is oriented perpendicular to the direction of the extinguishing plates (4a).
  • the individual quenching plates have an approximately V-shaped incision (4b) on their front side facing the pre-chamber space (3c) and improve the arc run-in and cover the entire open cross-section of the pre-chamber space, which is mainly enclosed by wall parts (1e), with the front contour formed in this way from. Only a recess required for the pivoting movement of the contact lever (5b) is recessed in the wall parts (1e), so that the prechamber space (3c) in connection with the arc guide rails (6, 7) is designed to be almost pressure-tight to the switching and triggering mechanism.
  • the upper web (3d) is tight on the fixed contact piece (5a) and follows its contact horn (5a ') on the side facing the prechamber space up to the quenching chamber wall in the area of the upper arc runner (6). Together they include Crosspieces (3d) of both housing shells the fixed contact piece on the contact side and on both narrow sides such that in the middle between the crosspieces (3d) practically only a gap corresponding to the width of the contact lever (5b) remains free along the arcing horn (5a ').
  • Another main feature of the invention is a plurality of columns or pins (3f) arranged in the prechamber space (3c) - still referred to only as columns - which are arranged approximately evenly distributed in the free cross section between the webs (3d, 3e).
  • the columns (3f) which are round or square in cross-section, have an approximately equal distance from the webs (3d, 3e) and from one another and each extend from the side surfaces (3a, 3b) to almost the pivoting plane of the contact lever (5b), see above that only a narrow gap between their end faces (3f ') continuously remains free.
  • the columns (3f) are preferably arranged in a slight zigzag offset to a middle ideal line between the two webs (3d, 3e) from the contact area in the direction of the fire-extinguishing sheet end faces, but can also be arranged directly in a row on this ideal line. Ideally, only two columns are arranged in the funnel-shaped area directly in front of the quenching plates (4a) (FIG. 1, FIG. 3). According to the exemplary embodiment, seven columns (3f) are formed on each housing half-shell (1a, 1b) directly during the manufacture of the housing parts, the columns preferably being slightly frustoconical in shape with an average diameter of approximately 2 mm and a height of approximately 6 mm.
  • the arrangement of the columns (3f) is of the named ones Criteria with dependent.
  • the number of pillars on each housing part will essentially depend on the size of the prechamber space, while their position should be distributed as evenly as possible between the contact point area and the quenching plate end faces.
  • the column groups are in the two housing shells arranged offset to a gap, as indicated in particular in FIG. 2.
  • the existing expansion space and the flow channels around the columns also ensure a lower gas pressure, which in turn reduces the ion concentration and reduces the risk of reignitions behind the arc.
  • the space behind the fixed contact piece (5a) can serve as a kind of buffer and as a cooling air mass reserve, if the web (3d) that surrounds the contact horn up to the upper arc runner (6) ends approximately with the top of the contact point - this leaves between the end of the contact point Web (3d) and the wall part (1e) a cross-flow channel (8 '), which enables pressure equalization above the contact point to the actual antechamber (3c).

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Shearing Machines (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Interrupteur automatique comportant un boîtier (1) fabriqué en matériau isolant et recevant le mécanisme de commutation (2), et comportant une chambre d'extinction (3) entourée par le boîtier, laquelle présente une antichambre (3e) flanquant le dispositif de contact (5) avec des moyens de guidage (3f) de l'arc électrique qui font saillie hors du boîtier et sont intégrés à celui-ci, pour introduire l'arc de coupure (9, 9′, 9") depuis le point de contact dans une région d'extinction de l'arc, en particulier un empilement de tôles d'extinction (4) qui, de son côté, ferme sur le côté opposé au point de contact l'antichambre (3c) s'élargissant en forme d'entonnoir, depuis le dispositif de contact (5) jusqu'aux tôles d'extinction (4), et pourvue de rails de guidage de l'arc (5a′, 6, 7), caractérisé en ce que des entretoises (3d, 3e) accolées en matériau isolant sont agencées dans l'antichambre (3c) sur au moins une face latérale des faces latérales (3a, 3b) intérieures du boîtier (1), se trouvant approximativement parallèles au plan du mouvement d'ouverture du contact du levier de contact (5b), en partant approximativement du dispositif de contact (5) et à partir de là le long des rails de guidage (5a′, 6, 7) de l'arc, lesdites entretoises entourant les rails de guidage (5a′, 6, 7) de l'arc jusqu'à l'antichambre (3c), hormis une fente dans le plan d'ouverture du contact et formant en même temps des parois d'étanchéité par rapport au mécanisme de commutation (2), et en ce que dans le canal d'écoulement (8) subsistant de l'antichambre (3c), plusieurs colonnes ou tenons (3f), faisant saillie depuis le fond des faces latérales (3a, 3b) en direction du plan d'ouverture de contact, sont agencées entre les parois d'étanchéité (3d, 3e; 1e), selon une répartition approximativement régulière, de telle sorte qu'avec leurs faces frontales (3f′) et en coopération avec les entretoises (3d, 3e), elles forment un guidage latéral étroit de l'arc de coupure (9) pour une faible surface de contact et en ce qu'il reste entre les colonnes ou tenons (3f) une chambre d'expansion de gaz de grande taille, malgré le guidage étroit.
  2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) sont réparties à l'intérieur du canal d'écoulement (8) entre les parois d'étanchéité (3d, 3e) ainsi que les unes par rapport aux autres, de telle sorte que des cercles imaginaires autour de leurs racines, de diamètres approximativement égaux, sont respectivement tangents non seulement à ceux qui leur sont voisins, mais aussi aux parois d'étanchéité sur la périphérie.
  3. Interrupteur selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) sont agencées à peu près à même distance dans une rangée, ponctuellement les unes derrière les autres.
  4. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) avec leurs racines sont agencées sur une ligne d'arc idéale à proximité au milieu entre les entretoises (3d, 3e) recourbées.
  5. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) avec leurs racines sont agencées à la façon d'une ligne en zigzag sur les faces latérales (3a, 3b), réparties presque régulièrement entre les entretoises (3d, 3e) dans le canal d'écoulement (8).
  6. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) d'une face latérale (3a) sont agencées à décalage dans les intervalles respectifs, par rapport à celles de l'autre face latérale (3b) du boîtier (1).
  7. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) d'une face latérale (3a ou 3b, respectivement) sont réalisées de la même hauteur que les entretoises (3d, 3e) correspondantes et présentent des faces frontales (3f′) se trouvant dans un plan.
  8. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les entretoises (3d, 3e) et aussi les colonnes (3f) sont directement formées lors de la fabrication des parties (1a, 1b) du boîtier.
  9. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que de préférence entre cinq et neuf colonnes (3f) sont agencées sur chaque face latérale (3a, 3b) à l'intérieur de l'antichambre (3c).
  10. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'environ 5 à 15% de la surface totale du canal d'écoulement (8) entre les parois d'étanchéité (entretoises 3d, 3e, partie de paroi 1e), sont couverts par la surface de base des colonnes (3f).
  11. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) sont réalisées de forme ronde ou polygonale et présentent un diamètre ou une longueur latérale d'environ 2 mm.
  12. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) présentent des deux côtés du plan d'ouverture de contact respectivement une hauteur d'environ 6 mm.
  13. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les colonnes (3f) sont réalisées en se rétrécissant avec une conicité d'environ 10° en direction du plan d'ouverture de contact.
  14. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la fente entre les faces frontales (3f′) des colonnes (3f) et les faces supérieures des entretoises (3d, 3e) des deux demi-coquilles (1a, 1b) du boîtier (1) présente une largeur d'environ 3 mm.
  15. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les entretoises (3d, 3e) sont réalisées pour positionner et maintenir d'une part le plot de contact fixe (5a) avec la corne de contact (5a′) et d'autre part le rail de guidage intérieur (7) de l'arc.
EP90104653A 1989-03-13 1990-03-12 Interrupteur automatique, en particulier disjonctueur de protection de ligne Expired - Lifetime EP0387761B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3908102 1989-03-13
DE19893908102 DE3908102A1 (de) 1989-03-13 1989-03-13 Selbstschalter, insbesondere leitungsschutzschalter
DE4007606A DE4007606A1 (de) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Selbstschalter, insbesondere leitungsschutzschalter
DE4007606 1990-03-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0387761A2 EP0387761A2 (fr) 1990-09-19
EP0387761A3 EP0387761A3 (fr) 1992-01-29
EP0387761B1 true EP0387761B1 (fr) 1994-12-14

Family

ID=25878766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90104653A Expired - Lifetime EP0387761B1 (fr) 1989-03-13 1990-03-12 Interrupteur automatique, en particulier disjonctueur de protection de ligne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0387761B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE115767T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59007970D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2065420T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK64895A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19860427A1 (de) * 1998-12-28 2000-06-29 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Leitungsschutzschalter

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103441049B (zh) * 2013-09-06 2015-07-22 浙江大华电气有限公司 一种加强自励磁场强度的引弧结构
WO2015151393A1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-08 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Disjoncteur
CN105185671B (zh) * 2015-10-30 2019-06-25 上海电科电器科技有限公司 断路器及其挡板
CN108281334B (zh) * 2016-11-30 2018-12-28 杭州曼京科技有限公司 一种电力断路器机械挤压灭弧机构

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3413555A1 (de) * 1984-04-11 1985-10-24 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Loescheinrichtung fuer elektrische schalter
FR2575861B1 (fr) * 1985-01-07 1987-01-16 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur electrique miniature a chambre de formation d'arc
DE3619241C2 (de) * 1986-06-07 1994-07-21 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Löscheinrichtung für einen Leitungsschutzschalter
DE3621690A1 (de) * 1986-06-27 1988-01-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Loescheinrichtung fuer elektrische schalter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19860427A1 (de) * 1998-12-28 2000-06-29 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Leitungsschutzschalter
DE19860427B4 (de) * 1998-12-28 2006-08-03 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Leitungsschutzschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0387761A2 (fr) 1990-09-19
DE59007970D1 (de) 1995-01-26
ATE115767T1 (de) 1994-12-15
HK64895A (en) 1995-05-05
ES2065420T3 (es) 1995-02-16
EP0387761A3 (fr) 1992-01-29

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