EP0388323B1 - Elektrischer Autoexpansionsschalter mit Isoliergas - Google Patents

Elektrischer Autoexpansionsschalter mit Isoliergas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0388323B1
EP0388323B1 EP90420100A EP90420100A EP0388323B1 EP 0388323 B1 EP0388323 B1 EP 0388323B1 EP 90420100 A EP90420100 A EP 90420100A EP 90420100 A EP90420100 A EP 90420100A EP 0388323 B1 EP0388323 B1 EP 0388323B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
extinguishing
self
chamber
electrical circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90420100A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0388323A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Malkin
Jean-Pierre Kersusan
Hugues Filiputti
Victor Pennucci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0388323A1 publication Critical patent/EP0388323A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0388323B1 publication Critical patent/EP0388323B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7038—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/7046—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to improve the dielectric strength of a circuit breaker with self-expansion of the insulating gas.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that the exhaust duct is equipped with guide means arranged to oppose in said duct any gas flow vortex, in particular of the Vortex type.
  • the means for guiding the gas flow can be formed by ribs or bosses distributed around the internal periphery of the tubular contacts.
  • the ribs can be radial or inclined in the opposite direction of the rotational movement of the gas.
  • ribs or bosses channels the gas flow to generate a laminar or turbulent regime, defined as a function of the value of the Reynolds number, and of direction generally parallel to the axis.
  • a coil or a permanent magnet can advantageously be incorporated in the breaking chamber to cause the arc to rotate, allowing the arc to die out more quickly.
  • FIG. 1 the invention is described in relation to a circuit breaker or a switch at medium voltage or at high voltage described in document EP-A-0298809, but it is obvious that it is applicable to any other type of self-expanding circuit breaker.
  • the pole comprises an enclosure 10 confined by a cylindrical envelope 12, closed at its ends by two bottoms 14,16.
  • the enclosure 10 is filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride at atmospheric pressure or at overpressure.
  • the cylindrical casing 12 may be made of an insulating material and the bottoms 14, 16 made of a conductive material constituting areas of current supply.
  • the tubular movable contact 20 carries at its end a movable arcing contact 22, cooperating with a fixed arcing contact 23 carried by the contact 24 fixed to the opposite bottom 14.
  • the cylindrical surface 28 and the bottom 30 are metallic and electrically connected to the fixed contact piece 24.
  • the opposite bottom 32, crossed by the movable contact 20, is made of an insulating material ensuring electrical insulation between the movable contact 20 and the cylindrical surface 28.
  • a coil 34 attached to the metal bottom 30.
  • the coil 34 is capped with an electrode 36 constituting an arc migration track disposed opposite the movable arc contact 22.
  • the coil 34 is electrically connected on the one hand, to the electrode 36 and on the other hand, to the bottom 30 so as to be inserted in series between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed contact piece 24 in the closed position. of the circuit breaker.
  • the breaking chamber 26 communicates with the enclosure 10, which constitutes an expansion chamber, of a first, by the tubular conduit 41 of the movable contact 20, the base of which has orifices 38 for communication between the tubular interior of the contact 20 and the enclosure 10 and, secondly, by the fixed contact piece 24 of tubular shape, which is extended through the coil 34 by a central duct 40 and which communicates at its base by orifices 42 with the enclosure 10.
  • the fixed arcing contact 23 is shown diagrammatically on the internal annular edge of the electrode 36.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 is abutted to the electrode 36 by closing the two exhaust ducts constituted by the contacts 20,24.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 is a semi-fixed telescopic contact biased by a spring 44 in the extended position.
  • a sliding contact 46 carried by the bottom 16 of the enclosure 10, cooperates with the movable contact 20 to ensure the electrical connection of this movable contact 20 and of the current supply range formed by this bottom 16.
  • the cylindrical surface 28 of the interrupting chamber 26 is extended projecting from the insulating bottom 32 by a collar 48 arranged in main fixed contact.
  • the fixed main contact 48 cooperates with a movable main contact 50 constituted by a tulip contact carried by a support 52 secured to the movable contact 20.
  • the fingers of the tulip contact cooperate with the internal surface of the collar 48 so as to respect the size of the breaking chamber 26, but it is clear that a reverse arrangement so as to surround the collar 48 externally is usable when the size of the main contacts is secondary.
  • the current is switched in the parallel circuit formed by the movable arcing contact 22 and the coil 34
  • the main contacts 48.50 are opened without forming an arc and as soon as the current is switched in the parallel circuit, the coil 34 generates a magnetic field which contributes to the extinction of the arc formed during of the separation of the arcing contacts 22,36 during the continued movement of opening of the circuit breaker.
  • the arc drawn in the interrupting chamber 26 causes the gas contained in this chamber to heat up and build up in pressure, which gas escapes through the tubular contacts 20,24 towards the expansion chamber constituted by the enclosure 10. This results in a gas flow which causes the arc to blow.
  • the coil 34 is switched on as soon as the main contacts 48.50 are opened, but it is clear that this circuiting can be carried out in a different way, in particular by switching the arc on the electrode 36.
  • the coil 34 can also be replaced by a permanent magnet and the gas flow can take place through only one of the contacts.
  • At least one of the exhaust conduits 40,41 formed in the fixed tubular contacts 24 and movable 20 comprises guide means 56,58 (see FIG. 1) of the gas flow escaping towards the chamber expansion of the enclosure 10 during the arc extinction phase.
  • the guide means 56 and 58 are formed by radial ribs 60 secured to the inner cylindrical wall of the hollow arcing contacts 23, 22.
  • FIG. 3 shows the guide means 56 with four ribs 60 staggered at right angles along the cylindrical periphery of the support tube of the arcing contact 23.
  • the four ribs 60 do not do not extend to the center, so as to delimit a continuous central channel 62 at the entrance to the conduit 40.
  • a single diametrical separation rib 60 divides the interior of the hollow contact 23 into two adjacent channels 64, 66.
  • two diametrical ribs 60 are arranged in a cross to define four distinct channels 68, 70, 72, 74 at the entrance to the conduit 40.
  • the ribs 60 of the other guide means 58 are identical to those described above.
  • the guide means 56 comprise an alternating succession of grooves 78 and protuberances 80, circumferentially staggered along the internal tube of the arcing contact 23.
  • ribs 60 or protuberances 80 consists in channeling the gas axially in the conduits 40, 41 to prevent any vortex gas flow, in particular of the Vortex type.
  • the ribs 60 or protrusions 80 are made of conductive material.
  • the longitudinal position of the ribs 60 can be modified according to the sizes and cutting characteristics.
  • the ribs 60 or protrusions 80 can be made of insulating material, and have any shape, and in particular be inclined in the opposite direction of the rotational movement of the gas.
  • the invention also applies to a self-expanding circuit breaker without magnetic means for rotating the arc.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Elektrischer Auto-Expansionsschalter mit einem gasdichten Gehäuse (10) gefüllt mit Gas von hoher dielektrischer Festigkeit und versehen mit einem oder mehreren Polen, wobei jeder Pol enthält :
    - eine erste Schaltkammer (26), die dazu bestimmt ist, das von dem Lichtbogen erhitzte Isoliergas zu lagern,
    - ein Paar Kontakte (24, 20) mit axialer relativer Verschiebung, das trennbare Lichtbogenkontakte (23, 22) aufweist, die einen Löschintervall in der ersten Schaltkammer (26) begrenzen,
    - eine rohrförmige Leitung (40, 41) für die Gasausströmung, die im Innern wenigstens einer der Kontakte (24, 20) angeordnet ist, um die erste Schaltkammer (26) mit dem restlichen Volumen des Gehäuses (10) zu verbinden und eine zweite Gasausströmungskammer zu bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausströmungsleitung (40, 41) mit Führungsmitteln versehen ist, die so ausgeführt sind, um sich in der genannten Leitung (40, 41) jeglicher wirbelnden Gasausströmung, insbesondere des Typs VORTEX, zu widersetzen.
  2. Elektrischer Auto-Expansionsschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungsmittel wenigstens eine Rippe (60) aufweisen, die aus der Innenwand der rohrförmigen Leitung (40, 41) herausragt.
  3. Auto-Expansionsschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Rippe (60) in einer diametralen Ebene der Leitung (40, 41) erstreckt.
  4. Auto-Expansionsschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungsmittel eine abwechselnde Folge von Rillen (78) und Ausstülpungen (80) aufweisen, die längs der Innenwand der rohrförmigen Leitung (40, 41) rundherum verteilt sind.
  5. Auto-Expansionsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Schaltkammer (26) magnetische Blasmittel einschliesst, insbesondere eine Spule (34) oder einen Dauermagnet die ein Magnetfeld in der Trennstrecke erzeugen können, um den Lichtbogen in Rotation zu versetzen.
  6. Auto-Expansionsschalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausströmungsleitung (40, 41) in der Achse des entsprechenden rohrförmigen Kontaktes (24, 20) angeordnet ist, und gegenüber den Lichtbogenkontakten (23, 22) Öffnungen (42, 38) aufweist, zum Durchgang in die zweite Kammer.
  7. Auto-Expansionsschalter nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rippen im entgegengesetzten Sinn der Gasrotationsbewegung geneigt sind.
EP90420100A 1989-03-17 1990-02-26 Elektrischer Autoexpansionsschalter mit Isoliergas Expired - Lifetime EP0388323B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8903642A FR2644624B1 (fr) 1989-03-17 1989-03-17 Disjoncteur electrique a autoexpansion et a gaz isolant
FR8903642 1989-03-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0388323A1 EP0388323A1 (de) 1990-09-19
EP0388323B1 true EP0388323B1 (de) 1994-06-01

Family

ID=9379885

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90420100A Expired - Lifetime EP0388323B1 (de) 1989-03-17 1990-02-26 Elektrischer Autoexpansionsschalter mit Isoliergas

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5057655A (de)
EP (1) EP0388323B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02281522A (de)
DE (1) DE69009253D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2644624B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69009253D1 (de) 1994-07-07
US5057655A (en) 1991-10-15
JPH02281522A (ja) 1990-11-19
FR2644624A1 (fr) 1990-09-21
EP0388323A1 (de) 1990-09-19
FR2644624B1 (fr) 1996-03-22

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