Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
  • A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
  • A01F29/005—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like for disintegrating and cutting up bales of hay, straw or fodder
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
  • B02C18/0007—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating documents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
  • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
  • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
  • B02C18/12—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
  • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
  • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
  • D21B1/06—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods
  • D21B1/063—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by dry methods using grinding devices

Definitions

• An apparatus for shredding fibrous materials such as straw or paper.
• the present invention relates to an apparatus for shredding paper, straw, and other fibrous materials and of the type which comprises a receiver chamber of which a bottom surface is constituted by a rotor disc, which at its surface has slightly protruding rib portions for ejecting the material conveyed to the disc, an annular slot being provided along the periphery of the disc and through which the material is introduced into a grinding chamber provided behind or below the disc, in which chamber the material is shredded by the action of rotat ⁇ ing beater means which cooperate with an annular grind ⁇ ing screen and eject the shredded material through an exit opening in the grinding screen.
• the former of the known apparatuses is more advan ⁇ tageous in both said respects, but it is not especially well suited for processing waste paper, which, however, is not relevant in connection with any of the known apparatuses.
• waste paper may find a number of relevant uses, e.g. as bedding for domestic animals and - more importantly - for covering field crops in order to save the heat and humidity .of the soil and to inhibit weed growth.
• cut straw may be used for the same purpose, but surprisingly it has been observed that potato yield was 40 t/ha by paper covering as opposed to only 15 t/ha by straw covering. This al ⁇ most sensational result is believed to be due to the reflection of light in the countless white paper sur ⁇ faces.
• said knife portions will entail that the material is subjected to an additional shredding at the transition from the rotor disc to the grinding chamber, such that the grinding in the chamber may be concentrated to a further shredding of the already finely shredded ma ⁇ terial.
• the material is subjected to an additional shredding at the transition from the rotor disc to the grinding chamber, such that the grinding in the chamber may be concentrated to a further shredding of the already finely shredded ma ⁇ terial.
• Fig. 1 is a side view, partially in diametrical section, of an apparatus according to the invention
• Fig. 2 is a top view of the apparatus ⁇
• Figs. 3 and 4 are detailed sectional views thereof
• Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the apparatus com ⁇ pleted with a necessary dust separator
• Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the dust separator.
• the apparatus shown comprises a slightly funnel-shaped receiver housing 2, which has a bottom surface consisting of a vaulted rotor plate 4 which is driven by a motor 8 through a shaft 6.
• a number of radial flat iron pieces 10 which are found only outside the central area, on which is found instead a pair of radial angle iron members having upwardly projecting flanges 12 which project upwardly somewhat above the flat irons 10.
• the lower, cylindrical edge area of the housing 2 has an annular rasping surface 20 provided with an acutely chattered surface, and on the inside the cylinder wall of the lower housing 18 is coated with an annular screen 22 having an upper and a lower row of holes.
• a beater rotor is mounted on the shaft 6, the rotor having a number of protruding blowing and grinding beaters 26, each of which is provided with a wear plate 28 at the extremity, this plate being placed approximately abreast of the lower row of holes of the annular screen 22.
• the lower housing 18 has a tangential outlet 30, the lower row of holes of the annular screen being com ⁇ pletely open along the associated arch portion.
• This outlet may lead to a container for collecting the ejected product, or it may be mounted on a pipe or a hose for ejecting the product.
• the flat iron pieces 10 will cause the lower layer of the material brought through the housing 2, e.g. waste paper, to be torn off and ejected towards the periphery of the disc 4.
• the central upwardly protruding flanges 12 operate to loosening and ejecting the central portion of the material, with a somewhat stronger effect but also at a generally lower operating speed, for further conveying via the ribs 10, whereby the formation of a central, stagnated material plug is prevented.
• the material By the combined ejection and rotation of the mate ⁇ rial layer right above the disc 4, the material will be pressed against and carried along the annular rasping surface 20, which entails a certain shredding of the material, and it will furtherly be conducted out and down through the annular slot 14, which downwards con ⁇ ducting will be supported by the fact that a suction effect is brought forth by the co-rotation of the blow ⁇ ing beaters 26,28, which is essential for preventing a clogging of the slot.
• the material is ex ⁇ posed to the action of the protruding sharpened flat iron members 24, which will effect a combined cutting and tearing action on the material, in the immediate as well as by the fact that the material is forced around along the upper row of holes of the annular screen 22.
• the convey ⁇ ing of the material is taken over by the beater blades 26,28 which drive the material around along the lower row of holes of the annular screen 22 until the proces ⁇ sed material is blown out through the outlet 30.
• the apparatus may be used for an extremely effec ⁇ tive shredding of paper which is delivered in torn bits after having been subjected to the action of both the annular rasping surface 20 and the radial knives 24 in connection with the grinding along the annular screen 22.
• the apparatus may be fed with both pressed material bales and with loose material, and in connection with paper the apparatus may be considered not only as a machine for producing the said bedding or soil covering material, but also as an extremely efficient document shredding machine, which will shred the paper far more efficiently than when this is done by cutting the paper into strips; cut paper strips may, though with difficul ⁇ ty, be reassembled, which will be infinitely more diffi ⁇ cult in connection with the shredded confetti product delivered by the machine according to the invention.
• the outlet stub 30 from the grinding chamber is connected to the lower end of an upwardly conducting pipe 34 in which is mounted an upwardly conducting conveyor worm 34 which conveys the received product up to the upper end of the conveyor, where it is delivered, e.g. by being tumbled onto an oblique chute 38 which conveys the product to a collecting container 40.
• a portion of the pipe 32 is contained in a surrounding cylindrical mantle 42, which at its lower end has an outwardly and downwardly in ⁇ clined bottom 44 continued by a pipe stub 46 connected to a suction hose 48.
• the pipe 32 is provided with relatively fine perforations 50, and it has been found that hereby it is possible to produce an exhaustion of the fine dust in the shredded product, while the coarse particles thereof are conveyed unobstructedly to the delivery end of the pipe 32, the said conveyor worm 34 being rotated by means of a motor driving a lower wheel 52.
• the suction hose 48 is connected to a non illu ⁇ strated suction and separating device in which the ex ⁇ hausted dust may be collected and from which dust por ⁇ tions may be removed when needed.
• the conveyor worm 34 should be shaped in such a manner as to have a scraping effect up along the inner surface of the perforated portion of the pipe 32, such that the perforations are not permanently covered by the coarse material shreddings.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8148861

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1987
  • 1987-12-14 DK DK654087A patent/DK160223C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1988
  • 1988-12-13 EP EP19890900800 patent/EP0390851A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1988-12-13 WO PCT/DK1988/000208 patent/WO1989005692A1/en not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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