EP0402740B2 - Procédé pour déterminer la forme d'un réflecteur pour lampe - Google Patents

Procédé pour déterminer la forme d'un réflecteur pour lampe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0402740B2
EP0402740B2 EP90110622A EP90110622A EP0402740B2 EP 0402740 B2 EP0402740 B2 EP 0402740B2 EP 90110622 A EP90110622 A EP 90110622A EP 90110622 A EP90110622 A EP 90110622A EP 0402740 B2 EP0402740 B2 EP 0402740B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
ellipse
light
optical axis
radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90110622A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0402740A3 (fr
EP0402740B1 (fr
EP0402740A2 (fr
Inventor
Tetsuhiro Kano
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0402740A2 publication Critical patent/EP0402740A2/fr
Publication of EP0402740A3 publication Critical patent/EP0402740A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0402740B1 publication Critical patent/EP0402740B1/fr
Publication of EP0402740B2 publication Critical patent/EP0402740B2/fr
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/09—Optical design with a combination of different curvatures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S359/00—Optical: systems and elements
    • Y10S359/90—Methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reflector for a Luminaire and a method for determining the Form of such a reflector.
  • the lights in question here are meant to be especially for illuminating a room Illumination of an object or also for coupling serve from light into a light guide.
  • the reflection properties described above of the conic-shaped reflectors can also be done by varying the parameters mentioned generally not be changed.
  • the designer is one given certain reflector boundary conditions, according to which the luminaire is to be constructed, for example, the light exit diameter and the length of the lamp due to the structural Given conditions and also the desired one Light distribution at a certain distance from the lamp.
  • Elliptical reflectors are often used to illuminate a relatively large area. However, this is the light distribution very inhomogeneous within the beam angle and falls with increasing distance from the optical axis to the outside.
  • a reflector is known from US Pat. No. 3,390,262 known in which only a reflector section near the edge corresponds to a conic section, while eir inner reflector section is constructed differently
  • the transition between the two mentioned reflector sections is discontinuous.
  • the latter has disadvantages in the manufacture of reflectors with regard to Tool. At the discontinuity the reflector cannot work exactly according to the tool be shaped and it gets lively Stray light generated. You have to do with an energy loss count. This is also better known Solution the equalization of the light distribution not reachable to the desired extent.
  • From DE-OS 35 07 143 is a lamp known, the reflector consists of segments, which are arranged so that each segment of radiation reflected by another area of the Light source goes out so that points on one too receiving radiation receive radiation, which is reflected by several different segments is.
  • the invention has for its object a Possibility to construct reflector shapes to show with the desired light distributions produced with great efficiency as required can be.
  • a preparation of the Microstructure of the reflection surface may not be necessary and the reflector should also no seams of a connection from have different curves.
  • the two curves between which the invention Reflector runs in particular two different ellipses (i.e. ellipses with at least one different parameter), two different parabolas (i.e. parabolas with different parameters) or an ellipse and be a parabola.
  • the reflector shape according to the invention is thus characterized in the latter example, that they are neither a pure ellipse, nor is a pure parabola, but continuous, i.e. over their entire extension, an "in-between" between such conventional known ones Reflector shapes.
  • the reflector shape according to the invention does not correspond to a conic section.
  • the reflective properties of the invention constructed reflectors are fundamental different from the reflective properties of conical Reflectors and correspond in usually not simple "averages” the reflective properties of the envelopes Reflectors corresponding to curves. With others Words, the light distributions achieved according to the invention are not always an "intermediate thing" between the properties of the used two enveloping curves. This is especially true then when the two enveloping curves are different Conic sections are like a parabola and an ellipse.
  • the invention does not only suggest certain reflector shapes but gives the luminaire designer also a process in hand like him generally depending on the given Boundary conditions for the lamp and the desired Light distribution an optimal reflector shape can construct the desired Light distribution largely without using additional optical aids such as lenses etc., can be reached.
  • Reflector shapes are constructed with which Radiation from one light source optimally into one Radiation conductor can be coupled.
  • Conventional generate purely ellipsoidal reflectors relatively large angle of incidence between the radiation to be coupled in and the light guide.
  • the reflector according to the invention enables a relatively small angle of incidence between the radiation to be coupled in and the light guide, thereby directing the radiation through the Radiation conductor, e.g. Fiber, is improved.
  • a reflector that for a given distance, e.g. a meter that Radiation with high efficiency on a certain Can bundle point.
  • the bundling is better than with a paraboloidal reflector.
  • Fig. 1 is the optical axis with the reference numerals 1 provided.
  • the reflector cut curve according to the invention R is shown with a solid line.
  • the whole reflector is created either by Rotation of the curve R around the optical axis 1 or by translational displacement of the curve R when a trough-shaped reflector is created shall be.
  • the shape of the reflector cut curve R is formed such that it lies between two narrowing (envelope) curves in the manner described in more detail below, which are an outer ellipse E 1 and an inner ellipse E 2 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • the ellipses E 1 and E 2 differ with respect to at least one parameter (a and / or b).
  • the use of two ellipses according to FIG. 1 as an envelope for the reflector cut curve R enables a reflector shape with which, in particular, radiation can be optimally coupled into a light guide, that is to say the coupled radiation has a relatively small angle of incidence.
  • the two ellipses E 1 , E 2 and the reflector intersection curve R have a common optical axis 1.
  • Two focal points F 1 , F 2 coincide.
  • a fixed point O is also at the location of the focal points F 1 , F 2 .
  • the fixed point O defines a polar angle and a distance ratio described in more detail below.
  • the reflector formed in this way is not an ellipsoid.
  • the reflector intersection curve R runs much closer to the inner ellipse E 2 in the vicinity of the apex than as it approaches the edge R a of the reflector. This is explained in more detail below using the "distance ratio".
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 can be modified so that instead of two ellipses two parabolas as enveloping curves for the reflector cut curve R side by side be placed.
  • a strong concentration of radiation in achieve a given distance from the lamp is to be able (reverse to the one described above Embodiment according to FIG. 1) provided that the reflector shape close to the Apex (i.e. on the optical axis) closer to the outer parabola (not shown) lies than on the inner parabola (not shown).
  • the reflector intersection curve R of the inner parabola With increasing Approaching the edge of the lamp is approaching then the reflector intersection curve R of the inner parabola.
  • the reflector is not a paraboloid.
  • the beam 2 intersects the ellipses E 1 , E 2 and the reflector intersection curve R.
  • the intersection points are provided with the reference symbols A, B and C, respectively. 1 shows two positions of the traveling beam 2, 2 ', the corresponding reference numerals being provided with a line in the second position.
  • the distance ratio k in the region of the vertices S 1 , S 2 and S R of the curves E 1 , E 2 and R is relatively small, ie the vertex S R of the reflector R is closer to the vertex S 2 inner envelope ellipse E 2 as at the vertex S 1 of the outer envelope ellipse E 1 .
  • the distance ratio changes in such a way that near the edge R a of the reflector, the reflector is closer to its outer envelope ellipse E 1 than to its inner envelope ellipse E 2 .
  • y means a real number, in particular 1 and also U and V each mean real numbers.
  • the reflector should not have any discontinuities have, i.e. the change in the distance ratio as a function of the polar angle ⁇ follow steady function.
  • the reflector preferably has a constantly differentiable form. This also applies to the other exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 of a reflector according to the invention.
  • Polar coordinates have certain here Advantages, but it is also possible to Cartesian or use other coordinates.
  • the reflector R shown in Fig. 2 is used to generate a uniform light distribution.
  • An ellipse E and a parabola P are placed side by side so that the focal point F 1 of the parabola coincides with a focal point F 2 of the ellipse E.
  • the fixed point O which defines the beam 2 and the polar angle a, also lies in the two focal points on the optical axis 1.
  • the optical properties of the reflector Change R as needed.
  • the optical properties of the reflector R in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 are determined by the parameters a, b of the ellipse E, the parameter p of the parabola P, the distance between the vertices S E and S P of the ellipse E and the parabola P on the optical axis 1 and the distance ratio k described above.
  • the distance ratio k also vary as a function of the polar angle ⁇ , especially according to the above functions (1), (2) and (3).
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 can also be modified such that the focal points of the parabola or ellipse do not coincide.
  • the distance between the vertices S E and S P on the optical axis 1 can also be reduced; in extreme cases, the two vertices can coincide.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 can be modified such that the optical axes of the enveloping curves E 1 , E 2 , E, P do not coincide in each case.
  • the optical axis of one envelope curve can be slightly inclined with respect to the optical axis of the other envelope curve.
  • the light distribution of an inventive Reflector can be both mathematically and empirically be determined.
  • a mathematical statement is particularly easy when an analytical Expression for the distance ratio or the course of the curve R is given, so that the Tangent can be calculated by differentiation can. From the tangents to a variety of Points, each with constant angular distances from each other on the reflector cut curve R selected, result from the reflection law ("angle of incidence equals angle of reflection") the directions of those leaving the lamp Radiate and this results in one given distance from the luminaire the intensity distribution, i.e. the number of arriving Light rays per unit area.
  • the light beam S reaching the opening edge Ra of the reflector R with the optical axis 1 includes an angle ⁇ which is equal to the angle ⁇ 'which the beam S' reflected at the edge forms with the optical axis.
  • the direct radiation from the light source at location O and the reflected radiation form the same light cone.
  • the light source does not necessarily have to be arranged in the focal points F 1 , F 2 or at location O.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 show a comparison of the light intensity distributions in a conventional luminaire with an ellipsoid reflector and a luminaire according to the invention according to FIG. 2.
  • the light intensity distribution I 1 of a luminaire with a conventional ellipsoid reflector is a function of the beam angle in applied in the usual way. It can be seen from curve I 1 that the brightness drops sharply starting from a maximum at 0 ° to the side.
  • a reflector surface according to the invention it is possible to have a reflector surface according to the invention to be faceted to give certain Light sources using a coiled wire have an aesthetically disruptive appearance of light and dark rings in the light spot to avoid.
  • the shape does not necessarily have to be in relation to the central longitudinal plane of the reflector symmetrical be. Rather, the lower part of the reflector differ from the top to make an optimal Adaptation to the required lighting too to reach.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Procédé pour l'engendrement d'une forme de réflecteur, dont la courbe de coupe (R), dans un plan contenant l'axe optique (1) de la lampe, n'est pas en forme de conique, caractérisé en ce que les points de la courbe de coupe de réflecteur (R) sont ainsi déterminés, qu'ils se trouvent chaque fois sur des rayons (2, 2'), qui sortent d'une origine (O) fixe en emplacement par rapport au réflecteur, et, pour chaque point (B, B') de la courbe de coupe de réflecteur (R), forment un autre angle (α,α') avec l'axe optique (1), et en ce que la position du point (B, B') sur le rayon (2, 2'), entre deux courbes de conique ((E1, E2 ; P ; E) enveloppant entre elles la courbe de coupe de réflecteur (R), est établie de telle sorte, que les espacements du point (B, B') des points de coupe (A, C) du rayon (2, 2') avec les courbes de conique (E1, E2 ; P, E) sont établis par un rapport d'espacement (k) préalloué.
EP90110622A 1989-06-13 1990-06-05 Procédé pour déterminer la forme d'un réflecteur pour lampe Expired - Lifetime EP0402740B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3919334A DE3919334A1 (de) 1989-06-13 1989-06-13 Reflektor fuer eine leuchte
DE3919334 1989-06-13

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0402740A2 EP0402740A2 (fr) 1990-12-19
EP0402740A3 EP0402740A3 (fr) 1991-12-11
EP0402740B1 EP0402740B1 (fr) 1995-01-11
EP0402740B2 true EP0402740B2 (fr) 1998-07-15

Family

ID=6382686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90110622A Expired - Lifetime EP0402740B2 (fr) 1989-06-13 1990-06-05 Procédé pour déterminer la forme d'un réflecteur pour lampe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5136491A (fr)
EP (1) EP0402740B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0738285B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3919334A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (40)

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DE3919334A1 (de) * 1989-06-13 1990-12-20 Tetsuhiro Kano Reflektor fuer eine leuchte
JP2831510B2 (ja) * 1991-03-14 1998-12-02 株式会社日立製作所 液晶表示素子及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置
EP0519112B1 (fr) * 1991-06-21 1996-03-13 Tetsuhiro Kano Réflecteur et procédé de génération de la forme du réflecteur
US5586013A (en) * 1991-07-19 1996-12-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Nonimaging optical illumination system
US5289356A (en) * 1991-07-19 1994-02-22 Nioptics Corporation Nonimaging optical illumination system
DE4307581A1 (de) * 1993-03-10 1994-09-15 Swarovski & Co Lichteinkopplungsreflektor für Lichtleitsysteme
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US6752515B2 (en) * 2001-04-16 2004-06-22 Cyberlux Corporation Apparatus and methods for providing emergency lighting
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EP1753996B1 (fr) * 2004-03-30 2011-06-29 Illumination Management Solutions, Inc. Appareil et procede d'eclairage ameliore d'une zone
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0402740A3 (fr) 1991-12-11
EP0402740B1 (fr) 1995-01-11
DE3919334A1 (de) 1990-12-20
DE59008220D1 (de) 1995-02-23
US5136491A (en) 1992-08-04
JPH0330204A (ja) 1991-02-08
EP0402740A2 (fr) 1990-12-19
JPH0738285B2 (ja) 1995-04-26

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