EP0404703A1 - Gründungspfähle, Verfahren, Geräte und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung dieser Pfähle - Google Patents

Gründungspfähle, Verfahren, Geräte und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung dieser Pfähle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0404703A1
EP0404703A1 EP90430015A EP90430015A EP0404703A1 EP 0404703 A1 EP0404703 A1 EP 0404703A1 EP 90430015 A EP90430015 A EP 90430015A EP 90430015 A EP90430015 A EP 90430015A EP 0404703 A1 EP0404703 A1 EP 0404703A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
auger
concrete
casing
elements
piles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90430015A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Raymond Louis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0404703A1 publication Critical patent/EP0404703A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/50—Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/62—Compacting the soil at the footing or in or along a casing by forcing cement or like material through tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to new foundation piles and methods. tools and machines for the construction of these piles.
  • the technical sector of the invention is that of the construction of piles intended to serve as a foundation for common works.
  • a first category is that of injected micropiles having a diameter of less than 200 mm.
  • a borehole is dug with a drill bit and this hole is fitted with perforated casing.
  • a cement grout is injected inside the casing and this grout passes through the perforations in the casing and penetrates into the surrounding land.
  • the micropiles have the advantage of very good friction between the pile and the ground.
  • a second category of common piles are traditional beaten and molded piles with a diameter greater than or equal to 0.4 m.
  • a machine used for the construction of traditional piles, which comprises a vertical auger and which is moved along a vertical mast and which is rotated at low speed, so that it penetrates into the ground as a Once the auger is pressed down to the bottom of a pile, we pull up with jacks while sending a concrete slurry through the hollow auger shaft.
  • the auger As the auger rises, it carries with it a cylindrical core of ground in the manner of a corkscrew and the vacuum which is thus created is filled with concrete grout.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide new foundation piles intermediate between the micropiles and the traditional piles, which combine the advantages of these, that is to say which allow to set up during digging a reinforced or prestressed concrete casing collaborating in the bearing capacity of the pile, to fill it in whole or in part, using concrete, cement grout, sand ... where elimination of the risk of landslides or cavities in the filling material, inject a cement grout into the surrounding soil to improve lateral friction and obtain piles with a diameter sufficient to avoid the risk of buckling and armed piles which resist horizontal forces well .
  • foundation piles which include: - a concrete casing, composed of tubular elements of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete, having an external diameter, of the order of 300 to 800 mm and a thickness of the order of 80 to 150 mm, which elements include radial channels - and if necessary a cement grout which forms a core poured over at least part of the interior of said casing and which is injected under pressure into the surrounding lands through said radial channels.
  • the prefabricated tubular elements have, at their two ends, vertical reservation holes and two superimposed elements are assembled end to end by connecting bars, which are engaged in two facing holes and which are sealed with a polymerizable resin. .
  • a method of constructing a foundation pile according to the invention comprises the following operations: - Tubular elements in reinforced concrete or in prestressed concrete are prefabricated in the factory, having an external diameter of the order of 300 to 800 mm and a thickness of the order of 80 to 100 mm and comprising radial channels; - said elements are lowered one by one vertically into the ground by cutting by means of an auger which is engaged inside the prefabricated elements, which carries at its end a retractable cutting tool and which is rotated at a speed sufficient to remove the cuttings; - when an element is fully sunk into the ground, the auger is removed and a second tubular element is erected on the first, then the auger is lowered inside the two elements and the havage is continued; - And, when the prefabricated casing is in place, we proceed either to the filling using concrete, cement grout, sand, or we put in it an inflatable obturator at an intermediate level and we inject , in the zone located inside the casing and below said obturator
  • a tool for implementing a method according to the invention comprises a vertical shaft which is rotated by a mobile rotation table along a vertical mast and which carries a helical screw forming an auger, and said shaft carries at its end, a collapsible cutting tool, which fits in the folded position inside a circle having a diameter less than the internal diameter of said prefabricated tubular elements and which has, in the working position, a greater external diameter with external diameter said prefabricated tubular elements.
  • the cutting tool comprises a metal blade which is located below the lower end of said helical screw and which pivots around a vertical articulation axis eccentric relative to the axis of said auger.
  • the invention results in new foundation piles having an external diameter of the order of 300 mm to 800 mm.
  • the piles according to the invention are intermediate between the micropiles and the traditional beaten and molded piles.
  • the piles according to the invention have the following advantages: in unstable ground, the holding of the ground is ensured by the precast concrete elements which act as collaborating casing.
  • the piles according to the invention can pass through relatively hard layers of ground using a drilling tool comprising destructive cutters allowing the crossing of these terrains.
  • the reinforced concrete tubular elements are prefabricated in the factory and can be prestressed, which ensures good reliability of the qualities of the concrete.
  • the filling in concrete, cement grout, sand ... or grout injected under pressure is carried out away from the lost casing, which allows a homogeneous filling.
  • the piles according to the invention make it possible to inject cement grout through the casing into the host soil and to obtain a coefficient of lateral friction of the pile which is two to four times higher than that of piles driven or molded in place .
  • the piles according to the invention can withstand a limit unit friction identical to that of the micropiles.
  • the piles according to the invention can withstand high horizontal forces thanks to the reinforcements of the prefabricated casing and to the connecting bars between tubular elements.
  • the resistance to horizontal forces can be increased by adding a reinforcement in the central part of the pile before filling it with a cement grout. It is even possible to exert the post prestressing by means of a tie rod central tensioned.
  • Figure 1 shows a stake intended as a foundation for a structure.
  • This pile comprises a casing 1 which is composed of tubular elements 1a, 1b, etc., of reinforced concrete or of prestressed concrete which are prefabricated in the factory.
  • Each tubular element has an outside diameter of the order of 400 mm, which can vary for example between 300 and 800 mm, a thickness of the order of 80 to 150 mm, an inside diameter of the order of 200 to 600 mm. and a length of the order of 5 to 6 meters.
  • Figure 1 shows, by way of illustration, a pile comprising two elements 1a, 1b superimposed. The number of elements can be higher.
  • the elements 1a, 1b being prefabricated in the factory, are manufactured with care and it is possible to calculate the resistance of the pile by taking into account 75% of the maximum rate of stress that the reinforced concrete can support.
  • the prefabricated elements 1a, 1b have small radial channels 2 which pass right through them and which are distributed over their entire height.
  • the tubular elements 1a, 1b have, on their upper edge and on their lower edge, vertical reservation holes which face two by two when two elements are superimposed. These high-strength steel connecting bars 3 are placed in these holes and sealed with a quick-setting polymerizable resin.
  • the tubular elements 1a, 1b can be dimensioned so as to withstand the entire load that each pile must support.
  • each pile has, over part of its height, a cement grout 4 which fills the inside the casing 1 and which penetrates into the surrounding land by passing through the small radial channels 2.
  • the casing 1 can be filled with cement grout over its entire height, if necessary.
  • FIG. 2 represents a pile according to the invention during the driving in of a first concrete element 1a.
  • tubular elements 1a, 1b prefabricated in the factory and sinking equipment mounted on a vehicle 5 which carries a mast 6 shown in dotted lines in the folded position and in solid lines in the vertical position of job.
  • the mast 6 has a total height which may correspond to the height of the pile. It can be made up of several sections which are gradually put in place.
  • the sinking equipment further comprises a tool comprising a hollow vertical shaft 7 which is rotated by a rotation table 8 movable along the mast 6 and which carries a helical screw 9 forming an auger and, at its lower end , a cutting tool 10.
  • the external diameter of the screw 9 is less than the internal diameter of the prefabricated elements 1a, 1b.
  • the rotation table 8 When a first element la has been driven into the ground, the rotation table 8 is rotated in the opposite direction, which has the effect of automatically folding the cutting tool 10 whose external diameter is then less than the internal diameter of the element la and then the rotation table and the auger are raised sufficiently high to be able to place a second prefabricated element 1b vertically above the first element la.
  • vertical bars 3 are engaged in the vertical holes reserved at the upper end of the element 1a then the vertical holes reserved at the lower end of the element 1b are fitted onto these bars and the bars are sealed with a polymerizable resin.
  • the hollow shaft 7 and the auger 9 can be composed of several sections which are assembled end to end as the casing sinks into the ground.
  • one or more inflatable shutters of any known type are placed inside the casing 1, which are lowered to a determined level which has been chosen to constitute the head of the anchoring zone of the casing.
  • This cement slurry injection ensures a good bond between the pile and the ground both from the point of view of the force at the tip of the pile, as well as the lateral friction of the pile. This injection also provides a good mechanical connection between the various concrete elements 1a, 1b.
  • Figure 3 is an elevational view of the lower end of the tool in the cutting position.
  • a first prefabricated element in reinforced concrete la which carries, advantageously at its lower end, a metal shoe 11 comprising a cylindrical skirt 12 which surrounds the external periphery of the element 1a and a frustoconical skirt 13 which diverges towards the low.
  • Shoe 11 is optional. It facilitates the downward gravity movement of the casing and it facilitates the folding of the lifting tool when raising the auger.
  • the lower end of the hollow shaft 7 carries fixed peaks 14, distributed around its periphery which dig in the ground a pilot hole having a diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the shaft 7.
  • the shaft 7 carries a fixed metal blade 15 whose external diameter is substantially equal to the external diameter of the helical screw 9.
  • the blade 15 is helical and it extends the helical screw 9.
  • the leading edge of the blade 15 is equipped with peaks 15a.
  • a cutting tool 10 comprising a blade 16 whose leading edge 17 carries peaks 18.
  • the blade 16 is articulated around a vertical axis 19 which is eccentric relative to the axis zzl of the shaft 7.
  • the blade 16 is slightly helical to facilitate the removal of the cuttings.
  • Figure 4 is a bottom view of the lower end of the tool on which there is shown in solid lines the working position of the cutting tool 10 and in dotted lines the folded position of the same tool.
  • This figure shows the eccentric axis 19 around which the blade 16 of the cutting tool pivots.
  • this blade 16 has the general shape of a portion of the crown which is delimited by an external arc of a circle 161 whose diameter is equal to the external diameter of the helical screw 9 and by an internal arc of circle 162, the diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the hollow shaft 7.
  • the two arcs 161 and 162 are parallel. They extend over about a semicircle. They have a common center 0 which is located at a distance from the pivot axis 19 equal to the eccentricity e of the axis 19 relative to the axis zzl of the shaft 7, so that the center 0 moves on a circle centered on axis 19 and passing through axis zzl.
  • the internal edge 162 envelops half of the periphery of the hollow shaft 7 and the external edge 161 coincides with the projection of the external periphery of the helical screw 9.
  • the peaks 14, 16. 18 have cutting edges made of a hard material, for example example made of tungsten carbide or any other material commonly used to make drilling or rock drilling tools.
  • the cutting tool 10 may consist of two blades 16. each occupying half of the circular section C1 in the folded position, the two axes 19 being diametrically opposite.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP90430015A 1989-06-21 1990-06-20 Gründungspfähle, Verfahren, Geräte und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung dieser Pfähle Withdrawn EP0404703A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8908578 1989-06-21
FR8908578A FR2648839B1 (fr) 1989-06-21 1989-06-21 Pieux de fondation, procedes, outils et machines pour la construction desdits pieux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0404703A1 true EP0404703A1 (de) 1990-12-27

Family

ID=9383183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90430015A Withdrawn EP0404703A1 (de) 1989-06-21 1990-06-20 Gründungspfähle, Verfahren, Geräte und Vorrichtungen zur Herstellung dieser Pfähle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0404703A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2648839B1 (de)
OA (1) OA09182A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994019605A1 (de) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-01 Egon Gelhard Windkraftanlage__________________________________________________
GB2299360A (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-10-02 Subsidence Surveys Limited Pile
US6773208B2 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-08-10 Dewitt Wayne Method for casting a partially reinforced concrete pile in the ground
CN103290838A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2013-09-11 二十二冶集团天津建设有限公司 保证管桩承载力的施工方法
US20130294843A1 (en) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-07 Soilmec S.P.A. Helical drill bit for an auger of a ground excavation assembly, in particular for building excavated piles, and drilling method that uses such a bit
KR101448070B1 (ko) * 2014-01-15 2014-10-08 선병순 가드레일과 가드레일의 시공방법으로 시공되는 가드레일 및 가드레일의 보수 보강방법으로 보강되는 가드레일
CN105421446A (zh) * 2015-12-29 2016-03-23 武汉中力岩土工程有限公司 一种用于软基处理的混合土挤压固化预制桩及施工方法
CN107630407A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2018-01-26 河北工业大学 一种用于桥梁预应力的孔道压浆的连接设备
CN107761716A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2018-03-06 金陵科技学院 一种隧道暗挖段使用的地基桩及隧道暗挖段地基处理方法
CN108677934A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-10-19 金陵科技学院 抗拔桩及抗拔桩的施工方法
CN109594578A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-09 河南省信息咨询设计研究有限公司 一种塔柜的5g小微通信基站桩基机构
CN109914431A (zh) * 2019-04-08 2019-06-21 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 一种新型预制现浇组合排桩支护结构
CN115030170A (zh) * 2022-06-06 2022-09-09 中铁十二局集团有限公司 一种钻孔桩塌孔回填施工方法及回填辅助装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1979547A (en) * 1931-08-24 1934-11-06 Hood Andrew Construction of "in situ" concrete piles
FR1044695A (fr) * 1950-05-04 1953-11-19 Ed Zu Blin & Cie A G Procédé de fabrication de pieux segmentaires en béton armé
FR1347660A (fr) * 1960-05-25 1964-01-04 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kk Pieux ou piles de fondation
DE2336617A1 (de) * 1973-07-18 1975-02-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum herstellen eines pfahles
FR2246181A5 (de) * 1973-10-02 1975-04-25 Sefi
FR2382547A1 (fr) * 1977-03-02 1978-09-29 Leffer Stahl & App Tete de trepan rotatif pour formations terreuses et pierreuses
GB2158493A (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-11-13 Earl & Wright Ltd Method of installing a pile

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1044195A (fr) * 1951-08-10 1953-11-16 Marocaine De Prod Chim & Agric Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés de préparation synthétique d'un dérivé de la propanol-diamine
GB1471269A (en) * 1974-04-11 1977-04-21 Wests Piling Construct Piles
JPS61130527A (ja) * 1984-11-28 1986-06-18 Tokyo Seisakusho:Kk 穴掘削機械

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1979547A (en) * 1931-08-24 1934-11-06 Hood Andrew Construction of "in situ" concrete piles
FR1044695A (fr) * 1950-05-04 1953-11-19 Ed Zu Blin & Cie A G Procédé de fabrication de pieux segmentaires en béton armé
FR1347660A (fr) * 1960-05-25 1964-01-04 Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kk Pieux ou piles de fondation
DE2336617A1 (de) * 1973-07-18 1975-02-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum herstellen eines pfahles
FR2246181A5 (de) * 1973-10-02 1975-04-25 Sefi
FR2382547A1 (fr) * 1977-03-02 1978-09-29 Leffer Stahl & App Tete de trepan rotatif pour formations terreuses et pierreuses
GB2158493A (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-11-13 Earl & Wright Ltd Method of installing a pile

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 10, no. 323 (M-531)[2379], 5 novembre 1986; & JP-A-61 130 527 (TOKYO SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 18-06-1986 *

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994019605A1 (de) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-01 Egon Gelhard Windkraftanlage__________________________________________________
GB2299360A (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-10-02 Subsidence Surveys Limited Pile
GB2299360B (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-10-14 Subsidence Surveys Limited Pile and pile segment
US6773208B2 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-08-10 Dewitt Wayne Method for casting a partially reinforced concrete pile in the ground
US20130294843A1 (en) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-07 Soilmec S.P.A. Helical drill bit for an auger of a ground excavation assembly, in particular for building excavated piles, and drilling method that uses such a bit
US9157209B2 (en) * 2012-05-07 2015-10-13 Soilmec S.P.A. Helical drill bit for an auger of a ground excavation assembly, in particular for building excavated piles, and drilling method that uses such a bit
CN103290838A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2013-09-11 二十二冶集团天津建设有限公司 保证管桩承载力的施工方法
KR101448070B1 (ko) * 2014-01-15 2014-10-08 선병순 가드레일과 가드레일의 시공방법으로 시공되는 가드레일 및 가드레일의 보수 보강방법으로 보강되는 가드레일
CN105421446A (zh) * 2015-12-29 2016-03-23 武汉中力岩土工程有限公司 一种用于软基处理的混合土挤压固化预制桩及施工方法
CN107761716A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2018-03-06 金陵科技学院 一种隧道暗挖段使用的地基桩及隧道暗挖段地基处理方法
CN107630407A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2018-01-26 河北工业大学 一种用于桥梁预应力的孔道压浆的连接设备
CN107630407B (zh) * 2017-10-11 2024-02-09 河北工业大学 一种用于桥梁预应力的孔道压浆的连接设备
CN108677934A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-10-19 金陵科技学院 抗拔桩及抗拔桩的施工方法
CN108677934B (zh) * 2018-06-15 2024-01-19 金陵科技学院 抗拔桩及抗拔桩的施工方法
CN109594578A (zh) * 2018-12-27 2019-04-09 河南省信息咨询设计研究有限公司 一种塔柜的5g小微通信基站桩基机构
CN109914431A (zh) * 2019-04-08 2019-06-21 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 一种新型预制现浇组合排桩支护结构
CN115030170A (zh) * 2022-06-06 2022-09-09 中铁十二局集团有限公司 一种钻孔桩塌孔回填施工方法及回填辅助装置
CN115030170B (zh) * 2022-06-06 2023-12-12 中铁十二局集团有限公司 一种钻孔桩塌孔回填施工方法及回填辅助装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2648839A1 (fr) 1990-12-28
FR2648839B1 (fr) 1993-11-12
OA09182A (fr) 1992-03-31

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