EP0415811A1 - Wärmebehandlungsofen mit Kühlvorrichtung - Google Patents

Wärmebehandlungsofen mit Kühlvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0415811A1
EP0415811A1 EP90402209A EP90402209A EP0415811A1 EP 0415811 A1 EP0415811 A1 EP 0415811A1 EP 90402209 A EP90402209 A EP 90402209A EP 90402209 A EP90402209 A EP 90402209A EP 0415811 A1 EP0415811 A1 EP 0415811A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
box
enclosure
turbine
orifice
door
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90402209A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Bares
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Le Traitement Sous Vide SA
Original Assignee
Le Traitement Sous Vide SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Le Traitement Sous Vide SA filed Critical Le Traitement Sous Vide SA
Publication of EP0415811A1 publication Critical patent/EP0415811A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B2005/062—Cooling elements
    • F27B2005/066—Cooling elements disposed around the fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B2005/143—Heating rods disposed in the chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
    • F27B2005/162—Gas inflow or outflow through closable or non-closable openings of the chamber walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/166—Means to circulate the atmosphere
    • F27B2005/167—Means to circulate the atmosphere the atmosphere being recirculated through the treatment chamber by a turbine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oven for the thermal or thermochemical treatment of metals such as, for example, general purpose steels, fine carbon steels and alloy steels.
  • the heat treatment cycles usually follow a heating phase, an isothermal maintenance phase at the treatment temperature, and a cooling phase in one or more stages, the parameters of which essential are the cooling rate, the final temperature, the duration of isothermal maintenance and the cooling medium.
  • the cooling phase is carried out by means of a cooling fluid which is circulated inside the furnace by means of a turbine.
  • This turbine is generally placed in the intermediate volume between the sealed enclosure of the furnace (possibly coated with an insulating layer) and the refractory box called "casing" which delimits the laboratory of the furnace. It generates a flow of coolant in closed cycle which is injected onto the parts to be treated thanks to at least one orifice made in the casing. This fluid then returns to the turbine after passing through a heat exchanger intended to evacuate the calories outside the oven.
  • the object of the invention is more particularly to eliminate these drawbacks by means of simple arrangements, inexpensive, but nevertheless effective.
  • a furnace for the thermal or thermochemical treatment of metals of the type comprising a tubular enclosure closed, on one side, by a bottom and, on the other side, by a sealed door, a refractory box or casing arranged inside the enclosure, this box delimiting a laboratory accessible from the outside thanks to a door of refractory material located opposite a bottom, facing the sealed door of the enclosure, heating means arranged inside the box, means making it possible to generate a relative vacuum or to inject a gas inside the enclosure, and a turbine arranged coaxially with the enclosure in the interval between the two aforesaid funds and comprising an inlet orifice in communication with the interior volume of the box through an outlet orifice made in the bottom of said box, this turbine generating a circulation of gas inside the oven according to a ci rcuit closed including at least a first heat exchanger located between said outlet orifice and said inlet orifice.
  • this furnace is more particularly characterized in that the turbine delivers in at least two injection conduits respectively connected to two injection orifices provided at two opposite locations on the side wall of the box, each of these conduits being fitted with a closure device capable of dividing the gas flow it receives from the turbine into two complementary fractions, namely: a fraction injected into the box and a fraction injected into the intermediate volume between the box and the enclosure, and in that this intermediate volume is in communication with the intake orifice of the turbine, via a heat exchanger which may consist of all or part of said first exchanger.
  • the injection orifices are equipped with injection nozzles oriented obliquely, in the direction of the cabinet door, so as to generate a uniform distribution of the cooling gas flows over the parts.
  • the above-mentioned injection nozzles are provided with valves (or registers) making it possible to close the injection orifices while putting the injection conduits in communication with the intermediate volume comprised between the box and the enclosure.
  • valves or registers
  • means are also provided so that the inlet opening of the turbine is also in communication with the intermediate volume.
  • the oven firstly comprises a cylindrical enclosure 1 closed on one side by a curved bottom 2 and, on the other side, by a tin door che 3, the whole resting on the ground thanks to a base 4.
  • this enclosure 1 can be single or double wall with intermediate water circulation, and possibly be coated internally with a layer of thermally insulating material.
  • the interior volume of the enclosure 1 is connected to means 5 making it possible to achieve a relative vacuum as well as to means for injecting a treatment gas or a cooling gas.
  • a box 6 of thermally insulating material which has a parallelepiped shape substantially coaxial with the enclosure 1 and which is closed, on one side, by a bottom 7 and, on the other side , by a door 8 substantially adjacent to the door 3 of the enclosure 1.
  • This box 6 delimits the laboratory inside which the parts P to be treated are deposited in order to be treated.
  • the parts P are heated by radiation thanks to electric heating resistors 9 arranged inside the box 6.
  • the cooling of the parts P is, for its part, carried out by means of a cooling circuit involving a turbine T substantially coaxial with the enclosure 1 and disposed in the intermediate volume comprised between the bottom 2 of the enclosure 1 and the bottom 7 of the box 6.
  • This turbine T is driven by an electric motor M housed in an external bell 11 fixed in leaktight manner on the enclosure 1, and the drive shaft 11 of which passes through the bottom 2.
  • This turbine T delivers in two gas injection circuits 12, 13 connected to two injection nozzles 14, 15 provided at two opposite locations on the lateral surface of the box 6.
  • these two injection circuits 12, 13 pass through two axial protrusions 16, 17 of the enclosure te, which have been designed so as to be able to reduce the diameter of the enclosure 1 to the strict minimum.
  • the nozzles 14, 15 are oriented obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the oven and are oriented towards the door 8 of the box 6.
  • valves 19, 20 made of thermally insulating material which make it possible to interrupt the flow of gas coming from the turbine T and to divert it into the intermediate space VI comprised between the enclosure 1 and the box 6.
  • the return of the air injected by the turbine T can take place in the following two paths.
  • valves 19, 20 are in the closed position and the gas flow is injected into the intermediate volume VI, this flow will be directly sucked in by the turbine T through the exchanger 24.
  • the orifice of outlet is fitted with a thermally insulating door G, here of guillotine type with double covers 25, 26.
  • the two heat exchangers 23, 24 may be produced using a single coil arranged in the space between the door G and the turbine T.
  • the separation between the two exchangers is simply carried out at by means of a radial partition 30 arranged coaxially between the door G and the turbine T, so as to force the flow of gas emanating from the box 6 to take a sinuous path passing through the two exchangers 23, 24 before reaching the orifice intake 21 of the turbine T.
  • the valves 19, 20 and the door G are closed so as to excite as much as possible a heating contained in the intermediate volume VI situated between the box 6 and the enclosure 1 thus as the latter heating up.
  • the parts P are then heated by means of the resistors 7 contained in the box.
  • the interior volume of the enclosure 1 can be brought to a low pressure so as to obtain a relative vacuum.
  • means (not shown) can be provided to produce, inside this enclosure 1 and, in particular, inside the box 6, a treatment atmosphere, for example by injection on the parts P d '' a process gas.
  • this furnace can also include equipment making it possible to carry out ion bombardment treatments and / or material deposits on the parts by PVD type processes (physical deposits and vapor phase).
  • a neutral gas serving as a heat transfer vehicle, is injected into the oven; as a result of which the valves 19, 20 and the door G are open, while the turbine T is started.
  • a stream of refrigerant is circulated in the exchangers 23 and 24.
  • the invention takes advantage of this particularity to effect a servo-control of the position of the valves as a function of the temperature of the parts, detected by one (or more) sensor 31 and a previously established cooling law.
  • valves which act as three-way valves
  • a servo circuit 32 preferably with microprocessor, which receives a signal representative of the temperature of the rooms as indicated in FIG. 3.
  • the oven may have a modular structure comprising at least one module whose cross section corresponds substantially from the point of view of form, to the longitudinal section of the oven shown in FIG.
  • this module can have a tubular enclosure 1 oriented perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 and comprising two side walls instead of and in place of the bottom 2 and the door 5.
  • This enclosure can be closed at each of its ends by means of a sealed door or come to be connected by each of said ends to the enclosure of an adjacent module.
  • the box 6 may have a tubular shape of rectangular section which extends coaxially to the enclosure and can be closed at each of its ends by a thermally insulating door.
  • the references 7 and 8 designate here the side walls of the box and not a bottom and a door.
  • the cooling circuit fitted to the module can be substantially identical to that previously described and will therefore not be explained again.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
EP90402209A 1989-08-29 1990-08-02 Wärmebehandlungsofen mit Kühlvorrichtung Withdrawn EP0415811A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8911322A FR2651307B1 (fr) 1989-08-29 1989-08-29 Four de traitement thermique equipe de moyens de refroidissement perfectionnes.
FR8911322 1989-08-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0415811A1 true EP0415811A1 (de) 1991-03-06

Family

ID=9384955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90402209A Withdrawn EP0415811A1 (de) 1989-08-29 1990-08-02 Wärmebehandlungsofen mit Kühlvorrichtung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0415811A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2651307B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0705907A1 (de) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-10 ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von Werkstücken durch Gase
EP0754769A1 (de) * 1995-07-21 1997-01-22 Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Ofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Chargen metallischer Werkstücke
CN112813240A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-18 长春汽车工业高等专科学校 一种热处理用均匀化冷却装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3565410A (en) * 1968-09-06 1971-02-23 Midland Ross Corp Vacuum furnace
LU67075A1 (de) * 1972-02-23 1973-05-03
DE3224971A1 (de) * 1982-07-03 1984-01-05 Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden Vakuum-schachtofen
GB2152199A (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-31 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Industrial furnace
JPS60152616A (ja) * 1984-01-23 1985-08-10 Daido Steel Co Ltd 熱処理装置
JPS6160819A (ja) * 1984-08-29 1986-03-28 Shimadzu Corp 焼入れ冷却方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3565410A (en) * 1968-09-06 1971-02-23 Midland Ross Corp Vacuum furnace
LU67075A1 (de) * 1972-02-23 1973-05-03
DE3224971A1 (de) * 1982-07-03 1984-01-05 Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden Vakuum-schachtofen
GB2152199A (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-31 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Industrial furnace
JPS60152616A (ja) * 1984-01-23 1985-08-10 Daido Steel Co Ltd 熱処理装置
JPS6160819A (ja) * 1984-08-29 1986-03-28 Shimadzu Corp 焼入れ冷却方法

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 10, no. 226 (C-364)[2282], 7 août 1986; & JP-A-61 60 819 (SHIMADZU CORP.) 28-03-1986 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 9, no. 317 (C-319)[2040], 12 décembre 1985; & JP-A-60 152 616 (DAIDO TOKUSHUKO K.K.) 10-08-1985 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0705907A1 (de) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-10 ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen von Werkstücken durch Gase
EP0754769A1 (de) * 1995-07-21 1997-01-22 Ipsen Industries International Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Ofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Chargen metallischer Werkstücke
CN112813240A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-18 长春汽车工业高等专科学校 一种热处理用均匀化冷却装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2651307B1 (fr) 1993-12-17
FR2651307A1 (fr) 1991-03-01

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