EP0416708A2 - Générateur à rayons X pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons X dont les parties sont mises à la masse - Google Patents

Générateur à rayons X pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons X dont les parties sont mises à la masse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0416708A2
EP0416708A2 EP90202356A EP90202356A EP0416708A2 EP 0416708 A2 EP0416708 A2 EP 0416708A2 EP 90202356 A EP90202356 A EP 90202356A EP 90202356 A EP90202356 A EP 90202356A EP 0416708 A2 EP0416708 A2 EP 0416708A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
anode
cathode
ray
windings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90202356A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0416708A3 (en
EP0416708B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Negle
Bernd Freiheit-Jensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Publication of EP0416708A2 publication Critical patent/EP0416708A2/fr
Publication of EP0416708A3 publication Critical patent/EP0416708A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0416708B1 publication Critical patent/EP0416708B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/10—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray generator for operating an X-ray tube with tube parts connected to ground and a high-voltage transformer arrangement, each with a secondary winding for generating the positive or negative high voltage for the anode or the cathode of the X-ray tube.
  • X-ray generator is known from EP-B 74 141.
  • the current generated at the cathode does not flow completely to the anode; Part of this current flows to ground via the relevant tube part.
  • the cathode-side high-voltage source is subjected to greater stress than the anode-side high-voltage source, which leads to an asymmetry between the high voltage at the anode or at the cathode in the case of high-resistance, symmetrically designed high-voltage sources (i.e. the high voltage between the anode and ground is greater than the high voltage between the cathode and Dimensions).
  • the voltage asymmetry and the resulting negative effects are eliminated by providing a high-voltage transformer with a primary winding and three secondary windings, each with a rectifier.
  • the three rectifier outputs are connected to one another via a switchover device in such a way that the anode-side high voltage is optionally generated by one or two rectifiers and the cathode-side high voltage is reversed by two or one rectifier.
  • the effort for this solution (in addition a secondary winding, a high-voltage rectifier and a high-voltage switchover device) is relatively high.
  • This object is achieved in that a primary winding is assigned to each of the two secondary windings and in series with the primary winding for the Generation of the anode voltage an inductance can be switched on by means of a switching device.
  • each secondary winding is also assigned a primary winding, so that the voltages on the secondary windings can be predetermined independently of one another, at least in a certain range. If one assumes that the primary windings correspond to one another and also the secondary windings, then the X-ray generator according to the invention delivers to a "normal" X-ray tube, i.e. an X-ray tube without tube parts connected to ground, for example an X-ray tube with a glass bulb, a symmetrical voltage distribution i.e. the amount of voltage between the anode and ground is the same as the voltage between cathode and ground.
  • a "normal" X-ray tube i.e. an X-ray tube without tube parts connected to ground, for example an X-ray tube with a glass bulb
  • a symmetrical voltage distribution i.e. the amount of voltage between the anode and ground is the same as the voltage between cathode and ground.
  • the inductance is connected in series with the primary winding for generating the high voltage on the anode side by means of the switching device.
  • the voltage on the anode-side primary winding is reduced in comparison to the voltage on the cathode-side primary voltage, whereby the anode voltage is reduced at least approximately by the same amount as the cathode voltage as a result of the higher cathode current when the inductance is suitably dimensioned.
  • the inductance such that the anode voltage drops more than the cathode voltage, so that the cathode voltage is greater than half the tube voltage - as long as the cathode voltage does not exceed half the maximum tube voltage.
  • the space charge in the region of the cathode can be eliminated, so that the current through the X-ray tube increases or at a given cathode temperature given tube current, the cathode temperature is lowered and the life of the cathode can be increased.
  • a preferred embodiment therefore provides that the primary windings and the secondary windings are wound on a common core and are arranged such that the leakage inductance between the mutually assigned primary and secondary windings is substantially smaller than the leakage inductance between the windings which are not assigned to one another.
  • the winding pairs behave within certain limits like two separate high-voltage transformers.
  • the inductor consists of several partial inductors lying in series and that a switching device can be coupled to the partial inductors in such a way that the inductor can be switched entirely or only partially into the feed line to the primary winding.
  • This configuration allows the (partial) inductance connected in series with the anode-side primary winding to be adapted to the respective requirements in stages: at high tube voltages, a relatively small partial inductance is switched on by means of the switching device, which is dimensioned such that the anode and cathode voltage are at least approximately are equal in amount.
  • a larger inductance is made effective, so that the cathode voltage becomes greater than the anode voltage, which makes it possible to lower the cathode temperature for a given tube current.
  • the inductance is designed as an air throttle.
  • the inductance could also be formed by a coil with a ferromagnetic core.
  • the inductances required are relatively small, such a coil would have only one or a few turns, so that exact dimensioning would be difficult.
  • saturation phenomena would occur with such a coil because of the high currents that can flow through the primary winding in an X-ray image (a few hundred A).
  • an air choke ie a coil without a ferromagnetic core, can have a sufficient number of turns show and shows no saturation effects.
  • the inductance is wound on a toroid.
  • An air throttle could be wound on a cylinder core in a particularly simple manner.
  • An air choke with turns evenly distributed around the circumference of the (non-ferromagnetic) toroid is more difficult to wind, but it creates a smaller magnetic stray field in its environment.
  • Fig. 1 two X-ray tubes 1 and 2 optionally connectable to the X-ray generator are provided. While the X-ray tube 2 has the same cathode current as the anode current because this tube has a glass bulb, for example, this is not the case with the X-ray tube 1. As indicated schematically, this X-ray tube has a grounded metal piston and a central part connected to it in an electrically conductive manner and arranged between the anode and cathode. In such an x-ray tube known per se (see also EP-OS 74 141), part of the cathode current can flow to earth via the central part and the metal bulb, so that the cathode current is greater than the anode current.
  • One of the two X-ray tubes 1 or 2 each located at different workplaces (in clinical practice even more X-ray tubes can be provided), can be connected to the high voltage generated in the X-ray generator by means of a high-voltage switchover device 3 - which can be coupled with the workstation selector (not shown).
  • the high voltage for the rectifiers 11 and 12 is supplied by the secondary windings 21 and 22, to which a primary winding 31 and 32 is assigned.
  • the four windings mentioned are wound on a common transformer core 4.
  • a secondary winding arrangement consisting of several individual windings can also be used.
  • the output voltage of the rectifiers 11 and 12 is smoothed by capacitors 41 and 42 and fed to the changeover switch 3 via a damping resistor 51 and 52, respectively.
  • the positive or negative high voltage, to which one of the X-ray tubes 1 or 2 is connected in the operating state, is recorded for measurement and control purposes by a voltage divider 61 or 62, respectively.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the high-voltage transformer with the core 4, the two primary windings 31 and 32 and the two secondary windings 21 and 22.
  • the core 4 a cutting tape core, has the shape of a rectangular ring core.
  • Such a core is expediently composed of two identical cores with a U-shape, so that the windings can be produced before they are each applied to one core and before the two cores are assembled.
  • the secondary windings 21 and 22 each enclose the primary winding 31 and 32 assigned to them, and the primary windings 31 and 32 enclose the same leg of the core 4. Since the primary windings have the same number of turns - and likewise the secondary windings - this results in a transformer structure that is symmetrical with respect to the center line 40.
  • the magnetic coupling between mutually unassigned windings - for example the primary winding 32 and the secondary winding 21 is significantly weaker - and accordingly the leakage inductance or the leakage induction flux is considerably greater - than between the mutually associated windings, for example the primary winding 31 and Secondary winding 21.
  • a ratio of the mentioned leakage inductances of 6: 1 has already proven to be sufficient to enable an asymmetrical feeding of the windings without inadmissibly high equalizing currents flowing.
  • the two primary windings 31 and 32 are fed by a controllable AC voltage source, for example with a medium-frequency series resonance inverter with an operating frequency of e.g. 3-12 kHz.
  • a controllable AC voltage source for example with a medium-frequency series resonance inverter with an operating frequency of e.g. 3-12 kHz.
  • an inductor is provided in one of the connecting lines between the primary winding 31 and the AC voltage generator, which consists of the partial inductors 7, 8 and 9 connected in series. which each have a switch 70, 80 and 90 connected in parallel.
  • the primary and secondary windings must be arranged in a boiler filled with transformer oil, for example, the partial inductors 7, 8 and 9 and the switches 70, 80 and 90 can be arranged outside of this boiler.
  • the X-ray generator is operated as follows: When the X-ray tube 2 is connected (in the extended position of the high-voltage switch 3), all the switches 70, 80 are and 90 closed, so that the inductor 7, 8, 9 is short-circuited.
  • the primary windings 31 and 32 are supplied with alternating voltages of the same size, so that there is a symmetrical voltage distribution on the X-ray tube 2, ie the amount of the anode voltage is the same as the cathode voltage (in each case with respect to ground or ground).
  • the high-voltage switch 3 is switched to the position not shown in FIG. 1.
  • only one switch is opened in this case, for example switch 70, so that only partial inductance 7 in series with primary winding 31 is effective.
  • the voltage across the primary winding 31 is less than that across the primary winding 32 and, accordingly, the open circuit voltage (ie, the voltage under no load from the X-ray tube 1) is lower than the open circuit voltage at the output of the rectifier 12.
  • the operating voltage at the cathode drops more than at the anode, so that with a suitable dimensioning of the partial inductance 7, a symmetrical voltage distribution at the x-ray tube 1 arises at least approximately.
  • the switches 70, 80, 90 must be controlled as a function of the voltage on the X-ray tube. If, on the other hand, there is only a single switch and only a single inductance, then the switch is controlled as a function of the workplace selector (not shown in more detail) which also operates the high-voltage switch 3.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP90202356A 1989-09-08 1990-09-05 Générateur à rayons X pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons X dont les parties sont mises à la masse Expired - Lifetime EP0416708B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3929888A DE3929888A1 (de) 1989-09-08 1989-09-08 Roentgengenerator zum betrieb einer roentgenroehre mit an masse angeschlossenen roehrenteilen
DE3929888 1989-09-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0416708A2 true EP0416708A2 (fr) 1991-03-13
EP0416708A3 EP0416708A3 (en) 1991-08-07
EP0416708B1 EP0416708B1 (fr) 1995-03-15

Family

ID=6388914

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90202356A Expired - Lifetime EP0416708B1 (fr) 1989-09-08 1990-09-05 Générateur à rayons X pour le fonctionnement d'un tube à rayons X dont les parties sont mises à la masse

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5123038A (fr)
EP (1) EP0416708B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2970930B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3929888A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0634885A1 (fr) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-18 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Appareil à rayons X
EP0531189B1 (fr) * 1991-09-03 1995-03-29 General Electric Cgr S.A. Dispositif et bloc d'alimentation haute tension pour tube à rayons X.
EP0699374A4 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1996-12-11 Vista Technology Inc Rudich Ir Systeme a energie multiple pour applications d'imagerie par rayons x
US7903432B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2011-03-08 General Electric Company High-voltage power generation system and package

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4021585A1 (de) * 1990-07-06 1992-01-09 Philips Patentverwaltung Hochspannungstransformator, insbesondere fuer ein roentgengeraet
DE4443551A1 (de) * 1994-12-07 1996-06-20 Philips Patentverwaltung Anordnung zur Leistungsversorgung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers, insbesondere Röntgen-Apparat
DE19631143C2 (de) * 1996-08-01 2003-03-20 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenz-Röntgengenerator
DE19645418A1 (de) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-07 Siemens Ag Hochfrequenz-Röntgengenerator
DE10025807A1 (de) * 2000-05-24 2001-11-29 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Röntgenröhre mit Flachkathode
ES2172458B1 (es) * 2001-01-10 2003-12-16 Es De Electromedicina Y Calida Transformador de alta tension.
JP2003142294A (ja) * 2001-10-31 2003-05-16 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc 高電圧発生回路およびｘ線発生装置
JP5979827B2 (ja) * 2011-07-27 2016-08-31 株式会社日立製作所 インバータ式ｘ線高電圧装置
JP6532233B2 (ja) * 2015-01-07 2019-06-19 キヤノン株式会社 絶縁トランス及びそれを備えた放射線発生装置、放射線撮影システム
EP3562275B1 (fr) 2018-04-23 2020-04-08 Siemens Healthcare GmbH Transformateur haute tension
CN119184729A (zh) * 2024-09-20 2024-12-27 武汉联影医疗科技有限公司 X射线管的负载均衡方法和负载均衡的x射线系统

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2530188A (en) * 1946-12-07 1950-11-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Load reading voltmeter
NL88026C (nl) * 1953-03-21 1958-05-16 Philips Nv roentgentoestel met wisselstroomvoeding voor het maken van roentgenfoto'smet trapsgewijze instelbare belichtingstijden
GB761705A (en) * 1954-03-26 1956-11-21 Gotfred Borge Davidsen Electric supply circuit for the operation of x-ray tubes
NL103475C (nl) * 1954-11-03 1963-01-15 Philips Nv roentgentoestel
DE2053606A1 (de) * 1970-10-31 1972-05-10 Mueller C H F Gmbh Einrichtung zur selbsttätigen Einstellung der Brennfleckgröße einer Röntgenröhre in Abhängigkeit von der Röhrenbelastung
DE2820773A1 (de) * 1978-05-12 1979-11-15 Ritter Ag Roentgengeraet
DE3046413A1 (de) * 1980-12-10 1982-07-29 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg "roentgendiagnostikgenerator"
DE3135061A1 (de) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-24 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Roentgengenerator zum betrieb von roentgenroehren mit an masse angeschlossenem mittelteil
DE3218535A1 (de) * 1982-05-17 1983-11-17 Philips Patentverwaltung Hochspannungserzeuger, insbesondere zur speisung einer roentgenroehre
DE3437064A1 (de) * 1984-10-09 1986-04-10 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Mittelfrequenz-roentgengenerator
DE3601857A1 (de) * 1986-01-23 1987-07-30 Philips Patentverwaltung Schaltungsanordnung zur hochspannungsstellung

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0531189B1 (fr) * 1991-09-03 1995-03-29 General Electric Cgr S.A. Dispositif et bloc d'alimentation haute tension pour tube à rayons X.
EP0634885A1 (fr) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-18 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Appareil à rayons X
US5517545A (en) * 1993-07-15 1996-05-14 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. X-ray apparatus
EP0699374A4 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1996-12-11 Vista Technology Inc Rudich Ir Systeme a energie multiple pour applications d'imagerie par rayons x
US7903432B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2011-03-08 General Electric Company High-voltage power generation system and package

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2970930B2 (ja) 1999-11-02
DE3929888A1 (de) 1991-03-14
US5123038A (en) 1992-06-16
EP0416708A3 (en) 1991-08-07
JPH03101098A (ja) 1991-04-25
DE59008699D1 (de) 1995-04-20
EP0416708B1 (fr) 1995-03-15

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