EP0416972B1 - Einrichtung für Mann-über-Bord-Alarm - Google Patents

Einrichtung für Mann-über-Bord-Alarm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0416972B1
EP0416972B1 EP19900402292 EP90402292A EP0416972B1 EP 0416972 B1 EP0416972 B1 EP 0416972B1 EP 19900402292 EP19900402292 EP 19900402292 EP 90402292 A EP90402292 A EP 90402292A EP 0416972 B1 EP0416972 B1 EP 0416972B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
receiver
signal
loop
interrogation
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19900402292
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0416972A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Hautbergue
Pierre Granger
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/0005—Life-saving in water by means of alarm devices for persons falling into the water, e.g. by signalling, by controlling the propulsion or manoeuvring means of the boat
    • B63C9/0011—Life-saving in water by means of alarm devices for persons falling into the water, e.g. by signalling, by controlling the propulsion or manoeuvring means of the boat enabling persons in the water to control the propulsion or manoeuvring means of the boat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
    • G08B26/007—Wireless interrogation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the problem of detecting a "man overboard", that is to say the fact that a person has fallen from the edge of a boat.
  • a first known technique implements an installation operating by loss of range of a transmitter.
  • French patents Nos. 2,498,783 and 2,609,961 describe very simple techniques where mobile transmitters transmit signals to a single central receiver which allows detection of loss of range.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,549,169 relates to a monitoring installation. In this one, a main transmitter creates an interrogation signal which reaches transceivers which can be carried by people placed at the seaside, on ships, etc. It is an installation operating by loss of range of a transmitter.
  • This document therefore describes an installation in which the main transmitter transmits a signal whose intensity decreases as the square of the distance, and the transmitters send back a signal which also decreases like the square of the distance or which disappears when the transmitter -receiver is underwater.
  • the disadvantage of such an installation is that, by its very principle of operation, the detected signal varies as the square of the distance and therefore does not present a clear variation between the edge and the water surrounding the boat, allowing the setting of a well defined threshold.
  • the transmitters pose problems of directivity of emission and masking of emission (mast, wet sails) so that such an installation is not very reliable. It can allow detection long after a person has fallen into the water or, on the contrary, it can give numerous false alarms.
  • a second known technique detects the immersion of a transmitter in water.
  • the emissions can be more powerful than in the previous installation, but it is necessary that the presence of water is only detected wisely. Very often, during maneuvers carried out in front of the boat, in conditions which are favorable to the fall of a person overboard, water reaches the transmitter and a false alarm is transmitted.
  • French patent no. 2,062,221 which is very brief, relates to an automatic alarm device operating in the event of a boat passenger falling overboard.
  • This installation there is no main transmitter.
  • Each passenger is provided with a signal transmitter allowing his identification.
  • This signal is detected by a receiver fitted with a reception antenna.
  • This patent in no way describes a metal loop used for the transmission of an interrogation signal since the loop is only used for reception. Such an installation poses problems of synchronization of the transmitters.
  • the invention relates to such an installation. More specifically, this installation is automatic because it operates continuously, as soon as a transceiver is worn by a crew member. The rate of false alarms is practically zero, because the transmitter responsible for transmitting an interrogation signal has a high power and this signal is necessarily received by the transceivers on board. Finally, the variation between the inside and the outside of the protection perimeter is very clear, because the installation includes a loop inside which the field is intense and outside which it is very weak. The loop delimits a perimeter at which the variation of a signal is very clear.
  • the invention relates to an installation for automatic and permanent detection of the exit of a person from the edge of a boat, of the type which comprises a transmitter of an interrogation signal, a transmission antenna to which is connected the transmitter, at least one interrogable transceiver worn by said person at least, and a detector of response signals from at least the transceiver.
  • the transmitting antenna comprises a conductive loop having one or more turns and delimiting a protective perimeter, the loop being arranged approximately in a plane, and the transmitter transmits to the loop an interrogation current such that, in the plane of the loop or in its vicinity, the interrogation field is intense inside the loop and is weak outside of it.
  • the transmitter operates at low frequency, and each transceiver and the detector operate at high frequency.
  • a first mode embodiment is such that the transmitter transmits an interrogation signal, and each transceiver transmits a coded response which identifies it.
  • This coding can be a frequency coding or of any other type, but it is preferably a coding by the introduction of a delay before the response signal, each delay corresponding to the identity of a transceiver. .
  • the transmitter can transmit several coded interrogations, each intended for a single transceiver.
  • transceiver when a transceiver is not used, it is connected to the detector so that it inhibits the detection of the corresponding response signal. It is then advantageous for the transceiver to be physically connected to a circuit for recharging a storage battery which such a transceiver may include.
  • At least one transceiver is provided with a water detector and is intended to transmit to the detector an acknowledgment signal when simultaneously and for a predetermined period, it no longer receives the interrogation signal and the associated water detector does not indicate the presence of water.
  • the loop can be formed by a single turn. It may however include several turns, when this is desirable for the intensity of the emission.
  • the loop can advantageously be placed at the level of the fargue rail or a die, usually present in a boat.
  • the loop is directly incorporated into a plastic shell, this incorporation being preferably carried out during the manufacture of the shell.
  • the detection of the disappearance of a person from the edge causes the control of a steering system of the boat, for example of the helm.
  • the invention also relates to a method of detecting the exit of a person from the edge of a boat, by using a facility which detects the exit of a transceiver from a perimeter protected by transmission, by a unit. central, of an interrogation signal to which the transceiver responds when the latter receives the interrogation signal, and by determining the output of the transceiver from the protected perimeter in the absence of response from the transmitter receiver ;
  • this method comprises the association of a water detector with the transceiver, and, if the transceiver does not receive a interrogation signal for a predetermined period and simultaneously the associated water detector does not detect not the presence of water during this period, the transceiver sends to the central unit a signal which the latter recognizes as putting the transceiver in an inactive state, so that the central unit gives no alarm signal.
  • the method comprises automatically resetting the transceiver.
  • a pleasure boat as represented in FIG. 1, having a hull 10, a deck 12 and a forward balcony 14, the difference between the presence of a person inside the hull 10 and on the deck 12 is distinguished from its presence outside the boat, that is to say in the water.
  • An essential element of an installation according to the invention is a loop surrounding the perimeter to be protected and constituting a transmitting antenna.
  • the perimeter to be protected corresponds to the periphery of the hull.
  • the loop can advantageously be formed at the level of the fargue rail identified by the reference 16.
  • the loop can also be formed at the level of a die such as 18. It is necessary that the loop forms a turn which can be connected to the installation control circuit, schematically identified by the reference 22.
  • the loop is incorporated into the shell in the case where it is made of plastic, as indicated by reference 20.
  • the loop shown in Figure 1 is substantially arranged in a plane. In this plane and inside the loop, the electromagnetic field is intense when a current flows in the loop. On the other hand, outside the loop, the field is very weak. The field remains intense at a certain distance above and below the plane of the loop, the lines of force of the field deviating slightly from each other.
  • the loop can also be arranged with a greater or lesser inclination at the ends of the hull or on the sides so that the field created widens at the level of the balcony or at the level of the transom and allows a certain enlargement of the volume. protection near the loop plane.
  • the important fact to note is that the field is very intense inside the perimeter of the loop and is weak outside, in the plane of the loop. Consequently, a transceiver, when it is inside the perimeter, will easily detect a transmission creating a field in the loop, but will hardly detect it outside the loop, in the plane of it. this.
  • the hull and the deck must allow the crossing of the magnetic field. They must therefore not be formed from a conductive material, for example a metal.
  • the installation then comprises the control circuit 22 which comprises a transmitter intended to create the interrogation field by circulation of a current in the loop, a detector capable of detecting the signals transmitted by each transceiver, and at least one transceiver worn by a person moving inside the perimeter and possibly leaving it.
  • the control circuit 22 comprises a transmitter intended to create the interrogation field by circulation of a current in the loop, a detector capable of detecting the signals transmitted by each transceiver, and at least one transceiver worn by a person moving inside the perimeter and possibly leaving it.
  • the transmitter 22 transmits a single interrogation signal, and each transceiver detects this signal and transmits a coded response which is then detected by the detector incorporated in the electronic circuit 22.
  • the responses of the transceivers are coded so that the electronic circuit 22 can determine whether all the transceivers have actually transmitted and which one has not possibly transmitted.
  • the control circuit 22 has a transmitter which successively interrogates the various transceivers.
  • the transmitter emits an interrogation signal represented by the curve a in FIG. 2.
  • This pulse has a certain duration to.
  • the transceivers detect this signal and each transmit a response signal of duration t8.
  • the first transceiver transmits its response signal with a delay t1 with respect to the interrogation signal, as indicated by curve b.
  • the other transceivers each transmit a response signal after a delay t2, t3, t4, t5 and t6, all these delays being different, so that the detector can distinguish between the different transceivers and can including determining if all transceivers have sent a response signal.
  • these responses advantageously in impulse form which reduces energy consumption, can indicate in frequency coded manner whether the accumulator or the battery has a suitable or insufficient voltage.
  • the interrogation signal can be very strong, so that it is certainly received by all the transceivers present in the protection perimeter, even if a person wearing a particular transceiver is behind a wet sail or near the mast. As a result, the rate of false alarms can be greatly reduced.
  • the interrogation broadcast can have a strong power because the transmitter is directly supplied by the boat's accumulator batteries. It is therefore preferable that this transmission is carried out at low frequency.
  • the transceivers preferably transmit at high frequency because their consumption is lower. When these transceivers operate on an accumulator battery, the batteries can be automatically recharged when each transceiver is not in use, as described below.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the control circuit 22 schematically indicated in FIG. 1.
  • This circuit essentially comprises a central processing unit 24, conventionally associated with a keyboard 26, a screen 28 and possibly with light emitting diodes 30 , for a purpose described below.
  • This processing unit controls the low frequency transmitter 32 which feeds the loop 20. The loop therefore creates the interrogation field.
  • the response signals from the transceivers are picked up by an antenna 34 and reach the detector 36 which is none other than a high frequency receiver.
  • the control circuit processes the received signals and determines whether all transceivers in use have actually sent a signal.
  • the set of processing can transmit an alarm signal to an output 38, for example an RS232 serial output, this signal being intended for another device, for example a known device of the "man overboard" type intended to calculate the coordinates of the boat at when a man overboard falls.
  • the alarm signal can also be used for many other operations such as dropping a buoy, etc.
  • the central unit 24 advantageously begins to count the time which elapses from the moment when the response signal from a transceiver has disappeared, since it is very important, for the rescue of a shipwrecked person, to know exactly the time that has passed since this shipwrecked man fell overboard.
  • the alarm signal may be advantageous, especially in the case of a solo navigator, for the alarm signal to control a steering system of the boat.
  • the alarm signal can be used to control an autopilot so that it turns the helm to port or starboard as much as possible and breaks down the boat.
  • a power supply 40 generally comprising the boat's accumulator batteries, and of a charger 42, used for recharging the power supplies, in the form of accumulator batteries, of the transmitters - receivers which we now consider with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the reference 44 designates the low frequency detector, associated with an amplifier, which picks up the interrogation signal.
  • a frequency detector circuit 46 and a monostable circuit 48 control the transmission by a transmitter-encoder circuit 50 of a signal in response to the interrogation signal. This signal is coded, for example by determining the delay between the reception of the low frequency signal and the transmission, as described above with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the transceiver further comprises a battery or a storage battery 52, for example nickel-cadmium 9 V, which can be light and not very bulky; the storage battery is connected to a regulation circuit 54 which supplies the low-frequency detector circuit 44.
  • the device comprises a connector 56, for example with four pins, allowing the connection of the device as described more in detail below. This connector is connected to an analog coder 58 indicating the identity of the transceiver and used as described hereinafter. The coding of the various transceivers can be simply carried out by selecting a resistor or placing a jumper.
  • a circuit 60 detects the charge level and may include light emitting diodes.
  • FIG. 4 When a transceiver as shown in FIG. 4 is not used, it is connected, by its connector 56, to a plug associated with the circuit of FIG. 3 and identified by the reference 62 in FIG. 5. It is advantageous that , in this case, the transceiver is placed in a Faraday cage housing which makes the transceiver insensitive to the interrogation signal.
  • FIG. 5 represents the appearance of the control circuit 22, described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the keyboard 28 includes a certain number of keys numbered from 1 to 6 and other keys such as 64 to 74 on / off, channel change, alarm inhibition, photoemissive diode test, initialization, battery test, alarm test and possibly inhibition of one or more transceivers.
  • Photoemissive diodes 76 are associated with each transceiver, and indicate the state of charge of the battery of the transceiver when its connector 56 is connected to the corresponding plug 62 of the circuit 22 shown in FIG. 5.
  • the transceiver when the transceiver is connected to the plug 62 of FIG. 5, it inhibits the corresponding interrogation channel so well that the central unit 24 does not take into account the absence of response from this transceiver which is put in inactive mode.
  • a transceiver can be put in inactive mode, by transmission of an acknowledgment signal recognized by the central unit.
  • the connector 56 allows the battery to be recharged, up to the level determined as optimal and corresponding to an autonomy of several hours, for example 10 h, or even a day or two at the transceiver of FIG. 4. From this In this way, each transceiver is always in working order, of course provided that it is replaced on the panel of the circuit 22 when it is not in use.
  • the processing unit 24 of circuit 22 knows the state of charge of the transceivers since it knows when each transceiver has been removed from the corresponding connector. This central unit can therefore indicate in any suitable manner that a transceiver should not be taken into account because its battery is exhausted, for example by display of a signal on the light emitting diodes 78 or by transmission of a signal to another device, via the serial output or connector 38. In a variant, the state of charge of the batteries of the transceivers in use is indicated to circuit 22 by frequency coding of the response.
  • the sheets 62 are grouped in columns of three. It is thus possible to add columns of three cards to the device, allowing an extension of the number of transceivers of the installation by group of three.
  • the apparatus described above is therefore constructed in such a way that the control circuit constantly follows all the transceivers, whether they are in use or unused.
  • the taking into account of a transceiver is only ensured after the detection of a certain number of responses, for example four; in this way, an alarm is not indicated when a fortuitous signal (parasitic) corresponding to the emission of a transceiver which is not in use has been received and then disappeared.
  • the response can be tested several times quickly, for example four times in a few seconds, before triggering the alarm. The alarm is only validated if the response has effectively disappeared four times.
  • control circuit transmits an alarm signal only when a transceiver disappears from the protected perimeter, that is to say leaves the edge of the ship.
  • interrogation transmission is very powerful and as the transceivers have a large range, much greater than the dimension of the protected perimeter of the boat, all signal exchanges are very reliable in the protected area and the rate of false alarms is practically zero.
  • each transceiver further includes a water detector. If a transceiver does not receive the interrogation signal for a certain time and simultaneously does not detect the presence of water, it sends an acknowledgment signal which the central unit recognizes as an inactive state of this transceiver. No alarm is given. As soon as the transceiver enters the perimeter, it is automatically switched back on because it detects the interrogation signal and responds to it.
  • the loop is arranged approximately in one plane, it may have one or more turns arranged in several planes.
  • the term "plane” also designates more or less curved surfaces, for example the surface on which there is a rail of fargue.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Einrichtung zur automatischen und kontinuierlichen Überwachung des Überbordgehens einer Person, enthaltend
    - einen Sender (32) für ein Abfragesignal,
    - eine Sendeantenne (20), die mit dem Sender in Verbindung steht,
    - wenigstens einen abfragbaren Sender-Empfänger, der wenigstens von der Person getragen wird und ein Antwortsignal aussenden kann, und
    - einen Detektor (36) für wenigstens die Antwortsignale des Sender-Empfängers,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    - die Sendeantenne eine Stromschleife (20) aufweist, die wenigstens eine Windung enthält und einen ungefähr in einer Ebene liegenden Überwachungsbereich abgrenzt, und
    - der Sender (32) an die Stromschleife (20) einen Abfragestrom schickt, so daß in der Ebene der Schleife oder in ihrer Umgebung das Abfragefeld im Inneren der Schleife stark und im äußeren Bereich derselben schwach ist.
  2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sender (32) mit niedriger Frequenz arbeitet und jeder Sender-Empfänger ein Signal hoher Frequenz aussendet.
  3. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schleife (20) eine einzige Windung aufweist.
  4. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schleife (20) in der Nähe der umlaufenden Deckleiste angeordnet ist.
  5. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schleife (20) in den Schiffskörper eingebaut ist.
  6. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Vielzahl von Sender-Empfängern enthält und daß der Sender (32) ein periodisches Abfragesignal sendet und jeder Sender-Empfänger ein ihn identifizierendes, kodiertes Antwortsignal sendet.
  7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Codierung der Antwort eines Sender-Empfängers durch eine Aussendungsverzögerung in bezug auf den Empfang des Signals des Senders (32) gebildet wird.
  8. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Vielzahl von Sender-Empfängern enthält, und der Sender (32) aufeinanderfolgend eine Vielzahl von codierten Signalen der aufeinanderfolgenden Abfrage der verschiedenen Sender-Empfänger aussendet.
  9. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Vielzahl von Sender-Empfängern enthält und in der ein Sender-Empfänger, wenn er nicht benützt wird, mit dem Detektor (36) fest verbunden wird, um die Erkennung der Abwesenheit des diesem Sender-Empfängers zugeordneten Antwortsignals zu hemmen und gleichzeitig eine Wiederaufladung der in ihm eingebauten Stromversorgung zu bewirken.
  10. Einrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sender-Empfänger mit wenigstens einem Wasser-Detektor verbunden ist, und dazu bestimmt ist, ein Freisignal zum Detektor zu senden, wenn er gleichzeitig und während einer vorbestimmten Periode nicht mehr das Abfragesignal erhält und der mit ihm verbundene Wasser-Detektor nicht die Anwesenheit von Wasser anzeigt.
  11. Verfahren zur Überwachung des Überbordgehens einer Person unter Verwendung einer Einrichtung, die das Verlassen eines Sender-Empfängers aus einem Überwachungsbereich dadurch erkennt, daß sie durch eine Zentraleinheit ein Abfragesignal aussendet, auf das der Sender Empfänger antwortet, wenn letzerer das Abfragesignal erhält, und daß das Verlassen des Überwachungsbereichs durch den Sender-Empfänger durch die Abwesenheit des Antwortsignals durch den Sender-Empfänger festgestellt wird,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    - ein Wasser-Detektor mit dem Sender-Empfänger verbunden ist und
    - wenn der Sender-Empfänger kein Antwortsignal während einer vorbestimmten Periode empfängt und gleichzeitig der mit ihm verbundene Wasser-Detektor nicht die Anwesenheit von Wasser während dieser Periode feststellt, schickt der Sender-Empfänger ein Signal an die Zentraleinheit, das diese als außer Betrieb gesetzten Sender-Empfänger erkennt, so daß die Zentraleinheit kein Alarmsignal gibt.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verfahren die automatische Inbetriebnahme des Sender-Empfängers erfaßt, sobald der Sender-Empfänger in den Überwachungsbereich eintritt, das Abfragesignal der Zentraleinheit empfängt und darauf antwortet.
EP19900402292 1989-08-18 1990-08-13 Einrichtung für Mann-über-Bord-Alarm Expired - Lifetime EP0416972B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8911020A FR2651059B1 (fr) 1989-08-18 1989-08-18 Installation de detection d'un homme a la mer
FR8911020 1989-08-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0416972A1 EP0416972A1 (de) 1991-03-13
EP0416972B1 true EP0416972B1 (de) 1994-03-02

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FR (1) FR2651059B1 (de)

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DE4124831A1 (de) * 1991-07-26 1993-01-28 Royonic Elektronik Prod Alarmsystem
DE4420798C2 (de) * 1994-06-16 1996-10-02 Barbara Catrin Parr Selbststeueranlage für Wasserfahrzeuge
FR2731403B1 (fr) * 1995-03-07 1997-04-18 Gautier Michel Invention d'un dispositif de mise en oeuvre par telecommande commande a distance ou commande manuelle d'une embarcation de secours
WO1997039924A1 (en) * 1996-04-24 1997-10-30 Steve Murray Radio controlled engine kill switch
FR2780023B1 (fr) 1998-06-23 2000-08-11 Michel Pons Dispositif embarque de recuperation d'un homme a la mer permettant l'autorecuperation d'une victime consciente
GB2430062A (en) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-14 Royal Nat Lifeboat Institution Marine crew security system using message passing between base station and personal safety transceivers.
US10771948B2 (en) 2018-12-03 2020-09-08 Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg System and method for monitoring a spatial position of a mobile transmitter, man-over-board detection system
EP3671682A1 (de) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-24 SOS Ltd. Mann-über-bord-erkennungssystem

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DE2802075C3 (de) * 1978-01-18 1980-11-13 Compur-Electronic Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Verfahren zur Sicherung und Überwachung, insbesondere zur Personensicherung und -überwachung, sowie Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US4305143A (en) * 1979-08-08 1981-12-08 Simms Larry L Automatic man overboard sensor and rescue system
IT1129118B (it) * 1980-07-28 1986-06-04 Giacomo Berruti Sistema di sicurezza per persone a bordo di imbarcazioni
FR2498783B1 (fr) * 1981-01-23 1988-03-04 Decis Mario Dispositif de controle automatique de presence
US4549169A (en) * 1982-12-06 1985-10-22 Kelmar Marine Inc. Personal ocean security system
US4714914A (en) * 1983-12-05 1987-12-22 Automatic Safety Products Liquid immersion alarm
US4584707A (en) * 1985-01-22 1986-04-22 Dataproducts New England, Inc. Cordless communications system
DE3600802A1 (de) * 1986-01-14 1987-07-16 Heinrich Prof Dr Ing Reents Vorrichtung zur ueberwachung von personen oder gegenstaenden, die von bord eines schiffes, einer schwimmenden fabrik oder einer fest im meer verankerten betriebsstaette ins wasser fallen
FR2609961A1 (fr) * 1987-01-22 1988-07-29 Poirier Alain Dispositif d'alerte de la chute d'un homme a la mer

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EP0416972A1 (de) 1991-03-13
FR2651059A1 (fr) 1991-02-22
FR2651059B1 (fr) 1994-09-02

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