EP0421590A1 - Récipient pour indiquer son ouverture non-autorisée - Google Patents

Récipient pour indiquer son ouverture non-autorisée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0421590A1
EP0421590A1 EP90308895A EP90308895A EP0421590A1 EP 0421590 A1 EP0421590 A1 EP 0421590A1 EP 90308895 A EP90308895 A EP 90308895A EP 90308895 A EP90308895 A EP 90308895A EP 0421590 A1 EP0421590 A1 EP 0421590A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
change
conformation
conformational change
container according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90308895A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0421590B1 (fr
Inventor
Ian Michael Daines Gaylor
David John Livesley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental White Cap Inc
Original Assignee
Cambridge Consultants Ltd
Continental White Cap Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cambridge Consultants Ltd, Continental White Cap Inc filed Critical Cambridge Consultants Ltd
Publication of EP0421590A1 publication Critical patent/EP0421590A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0421590B1 publication Critical patent/EP0421590B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D55/00—Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D55/02—Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorised opening or removal of closure
    • B65D55/026—Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorised opening or removal of closure initial opening or unauthorised access being indicated by a visual change using indicators other than tearable means, e.g. change of colour, pattern or opacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D79/00—Kinds or details of packages, not otherwise provided for
    • B65D79/005—Packages having deformable parts for indicating or neutralizing internal pressure-variations by other means than venting
    • B65D79/0087—Packages having deformable parts for indicating or neutralizing internal pressure-variations by other means than venting the deformable part being located in a closure, e.g. in caps or lids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a container, particularly one whose contents are to remain safely sealed from the environment, and especially to one having means for rendering tampering evident.
  • Some containers such as beer cans, are made such that they are in effect destroyed when they are opened. Unobservable tampering is difficult, but such containers cannot be resealed by the legitimate user after partial use of their contents.
  • a cap may be provided with a band at its base, joined to the remainder of the cap through a line of weakness.
  • the band is prevented from rotating or from rising up the screw thread when the cap is unscrewed, and as a result it becomes detached from the remainder of the cap.
  • a paper label is stuck across a stopper such that the movement of the stopper causes the paper to be torn.
  • Heat-shrink sleeves have been shrunk around the tops of bottles so as to enclose the stopper. Removal of the stopper requires the shrunk sleeve to be cut away.
  • a more expensive technique is to trap the stopper by means of a wire frame around the bottle top, the ends of the wire being locked by means of a solder seal.
  • a conformational change in a part of a container may be made to occur when an attempt is made to open the container to the environ­ment, and that conformational change can be rendered observable.
  • the present invention provides a container comprising a first part and a second part that can be brought together to close the container to the environment, in which: the first part can have a first conformation when it is brought together with the second part, which first conformation changes to a second conformation on opening of the container; and with the proviso that where the conformational change is reversible it produces an optical and/or tactile change that is not reversed on reversal of said conformational change.
  • the first part of the container preferably comprises a lid, by which term we include caps and stoppers etc.
  • the second part preferably comprises a can, box, jar, flexible pack or bottle.
  • conformational change we include any suitable change of shape, form or arrangement of parts.
  • the change is a change in the curvature of a wall, particularly a change from concave (as viewed from the outside of the container) to substantially flat or convex.
  • the conformation change is preferably flexure.
  • the invention also provides an article for use in environmental sealing which has a first conformation when providing an environmental seal which changes to a second conformation on breaking of the seal, the conformational change causing a change in light-­scattering and/or light-reflectance at a visible or machine-readable portion (which need not be an external surface) of the article.
  • the portion at which scattering or reflectance occurs will be an intermediate surface or layer of a multi-layer coating on the article.
  • the invention may also provide apparatus for use in machine-reading such a label, optionally having means indicating that the label cannot be read. For example it may have an output indicating that a sale should not take place or that a product has been tampered with.
  • a tamper-evident container may be produced by either of the following methods.
  • a first method comprises:
  • Step (c) may comprise embrittlement, and it may be caused by cross-linking. It is desirable that such treatment be carried out after the conformational change has been made to the container since prior to treatment the material may be flexible.
  • Apparatus such as production line may be provided for use in the methods of the invention.
  • Such apparatus preferably includes means for closing a container, means for applying a label or material in other form, and means for treating the material for example with UV or other irradiation to make it brittle etc.
  • the apparatus may also include means for fitting the container and for making a vacuum inside.
  • the material may be applied as part of a label or as a three-dimensional pre-form, formed for example by injection-moulding.
  • the first part of the container is therefore a lid and the second part is the jar itself.
  • Food is placed inside the jar, the jar and the food are then heated to sterilise them, the lid is placed over the jar, and the jar and food allowed to cool.
  • a vacuum (which term of course includes a partial vacuum) is created within the jar causing the outside of the lid to become concave.
  • first conformation is of a surface of the first part that is in pressure communication with, and more preferably directly faces, the inside of the container.
  • the invention includes conformational changes brought about by any change of pressure difference across a surface of the first part that is in communication with the inside of the container.
  • the invention is able to deal with this problem as follows.
  • the first part is provided with a material thereon that is forced to undergo an optical and/or tactile change as the lid relaxes from its concave shape to a substantially flat or convex shape.
  • This is the change referred to above as being from the first conformation to a second conformation.
  • the second conformation be stable and that the first conformation be unstable and maintained only, for example, by the internal vacuum.
  • the material may comprise a coating that follows the surface of the lid (or other first part) when in the first and when in the second conformation.
  • the resulting conformational change of the material will cause an optical and/or tactile change.
  • the material may be held adjacent (but at least partially separated from) the lid such that the lid impacts the material on change from the first to the second conformation, the impact causing the optical and/or tactile change.
  • the lid may have a localised pop-up portion that is retracted when in the first conformation and extended when in the second conformation.
  • the conformational change causes the material to craze, i.e to produce many generally small cracks.
  • Crazing is one way by means of which a change of light-scattering and/or light reflectance can be made to result from the conformational change. It will, in general, not be reversed, even if the conformational change is reversible.
  • a high density of crack-initiation sites is produced.
  • stress is reduced over a wide area, and not for example through a small number of large cracks.
  • the material be brittle. If it is not brittle when it is applied to the lid, it can be made brittle by a process such as cross-linking. This may be carried out by irradiation or by chemical means etc.
  • the optical change may be enhanced by the provision of a colourant, such as a micro-encapsulated dye that is dispersed by the conformational change.
  • a colourant such as a micro-encapsulated dye that is dispersed by the conformational change.
  • the dye may then travel along cracks in the material by capillary action.
  • the conformational change causes stress-clouding of the material, or the material becomes disbonded from the first part possibly creating scattering of light at the newly-created interface.
  • a transparent, preferably flexible, coating may be provided for this purpose, over or under the material.
  • a preferred material comprises a wax/resin blend.
  • a variety of such materials are available and the desired melting point, brittleness, hardness and colour may be chosen.
  • At present preferred blends are those marketed by Wilkins Cambell & Co Ltd under the trade marks 6565, 6545 and 6566.
  • Other materials may be used depending upon the technique by means of which they are applied to the container. Melting and resolidification may be used in the case of hot-melt adhesives, such as polyamides and ethylene vinylacetates etc.
  • Various cross-­linkable or curable materials may be used, such as epoxy materials which may be chemically cross-linked and polyimides which may be cross-linked using ultra-­violet light.
  • Other suitable polymeric materials include polystyrenes, polypropylenes and poly­urethanes. These materials are preferably used without plasticizers, and with inert fillers such as talc or chalk.
  • lacquers which may be applied in solution. On evaporation of the solvent the material cures.
  • the material may be used in conjunction with a visual and/or machine-readable mark.
  • a widely used example of a machine-readable mark is a bar code.
  • the materials may be used as a coating over or under the mark such that a change in light-scattering and/or light-reflectance of the material alters the appearance of the mark.
  • the container may carry a second mark that is substantially unaffected by the conformational change, the first-mentioned mark together with the second mark conveying a different message from that conveyed by the second mark alone.
  • the change may, for example, be deletion of the word "not” from a message such as "tamper not evident".
  • the invention may be used together with one or more other means of detecting or resisting tampering, for example, a heat-shrink sleeve or a label or other layer etc may at least partially cover the second part of the container such that its rupture is required to separate the first and second parts.
  • a heat-shrink sleeve or a label or other layer etc may at least partially cover the second part of the container such that its rupture is required to separate the first and second parts.
  • Figure 1 shows a glass or plastics bottle or other container 1 having a cap 2 sealed thereto.
  • the bottle 1 contains food 3 that has been heat sterilised.
  • the cap is shown in its so-called first configuration.
  • the concave shape 4 results from a vacuum 5 inside the container.
  • An outer surface of the cap has been coated with a material, such as a lacquer, that will craze when the cap 2 is released from its concave configuration. This will, of course, occur when the container is opened, at the cap or elsewhere and the vacuum is released.
  • the cap 2 may be provided alone or it may be used with another closure part such as cover 6. Cover 6 may be transparent such that the state of the lacquer 7 may be viewed without its removal.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tin can 8 having a lid 2 sealed to it by means of a sealed seam 9.
  • the tin contains a perishable foodstuff 3 under vacuum 5.
  • the lid is in the first conformation having a concave portion 4 due to the vacuum 5. Before generation of the vacuum 5 the lid was substantially flat or convex. On release of the vacuum the elastic energy in the lid will cause it to spring outward and become again flat or convex.
  • the concave portion 4 has on it a mark 10 such as a bar code or visual message. That mark is covered by a material 7 as illustrated in figure 1. If desired, a transparent layer may be provided over the material 7 as shown by the dotted line. This transparent layer may be provided to prevent fragmentation and removal of material 7 after crazing.
  • Figure 3 shows a plastics vacuum pack containing perishable goods 3 under vacuum 5.
  • An insert 12 is placed on the goods 3.
  • the insert has perforations or is otherwise constructed such that pressure within it equals the pressure within the pack 3.
  • the insert which, together with the film 2, constitutes the so-­called first part of the invention, has a concave portion 4 resulting from the vacuum 5 within the pack 11.
  • the presently concave portion of the insert 12 pops outwards and becomes substantially flat or convex. This causes the lacquer 7 to craze as described above.
  • the top of the insert is aligned with the top edges of the pack 11 in order that the film 2 can cause concave portion 4 to be formed in the insert as the vacuum 5 develops in the pack 11.
  • Figure 4(a) shows a lid 2 having a coating of a lacquer 7 in its concave conformation brought about by vacuum 5.
  • the arrows 13 represent some agency such as ultra-violet light which causes the lacquer 7 to cure and become brittle after the concave conformation has been achieved.
  • the vacuum 5 has been released and the lid has popped upwards and become convex. This has caused the lacquer 7 to become crazed and to scatter or reflect light.
  • the lacquer or other material 7 may be melted by the application of heat and allowed to cool to become a brittle solid which can be caused to craze in a way that is not reversed by any reasonable treatment.
  • the material 7 is applied in solution and the solvent removed whilst the lid 2 is in the concave conformation.
  • the concave portion of the lid may bear some mark, as mentioned above, or it may merely be coloured in a colour that is distinctive from that of the crazed or otherwise altered material 7.
  • Figure 5(a) shows the presence of a bar code 14 on a lid 10 of a can 8.
  • the material 7 may be coated above or below the bar code 14.
  • the material 7 is clear the code can be read easily, but after crazing as shown in figure 5(b) the material become crazed as shown at 15 and the code 14 can no longer be read.
  • This lack of ability of the bar code to be read will cause the goods to be rejected at the point of sale. The fault in the goods will be readily apparent to both buyer and seller. The crazing will not be reversed on resealing.
  • Figures 6(a) and 6(b) show how a message can be altered in meaning by crazing of material 7 to produce a generally opaque covering 15.
  • a first mark 7 and two second marks 17 are shown on a lid 2.
  • the message read "tamper not evident” and after the conformational change, brought about by loss of vacuum within the container, the message reads "tamper evident”.
  • Figure 7(a) shows a moulding that may be produced off-­line, i.e separately from container manufacture and filling.
  • the moulding is then bonded to the first part of the container after the first and second parts have been secured together and, if necessary, an internal vacuum has been generated.
  • the moulding 18 comprises a central part 19 having an adhesive coating 20 around the button 23 and if desired a hot foil 21 on its opposite side.
  • a stress ring 22 or other line of weakness is provided so that a conformational change of the first part of the container acting on button 23 causes a central part of the moulding to pop-up to produce a visual and tactile change.
  • the hot foil 21 provides a further security feature since it will become visibly fragmented.
  • the adhesive 20 may additionally have the function of providing some flexibility such that thermal expansion and contraction of the container or changes due to changes of humidity etc. do not put undue strain on the moulding.
  • the material chosen for the part 19 is not critical and many thermoplastic or other polymeric materials will be suitable.
  • a moulding 24 is produced on a lid 2 of a container by means of an injection moulding head 25.
  • the moulding operation will generally be carried on-line.
  • the moulding may incor­porate a line of weakness as shown by the "V" shaped grooves in cross-section.
  • the line of weakness may allow a portion, such as a central disc, to pop out and become detached from the remainder of the moulding.
  • Figure 7(c) shows a self-adhesive paper label comprising a paper backing 26 having a hot foil coating 21.
  • the area 24 is acted on by the first part of the container when it changes its conformation.
  • the label may be butt cut or otherwise provided with a line of weakness to provide a pop-out disc above the area 24.
  • Diagonal cuts 27 may be made to allow the label to conform to the lid of the container.
  • a brittle material may be provided. The brittle material and/or the hot foil are ruptured as the part 24 of the label is displaced by the conformational change of the lid.
  • Figure 8(a) shows a wax/resin pop-out disc manufactured as a label pre-form.
  • a release layer such as a paper backing strip 28 carries a series of labels 29.
  • the backing strip and labels may be supplied as a roll.
  • Figure 8(a) shows the label in plan view and in longitudinal cross-section.
  • the longitudinal cross-section shows a wax/resin 30 within a cavity of a label stock 31, individual labels being defined by the butt cuts 32.
  • the labels are temporarily adhered to the backing strip by means of a pressure-sensitive or other adhesive 33.
  • Figure 8(b) describes a manufacturing process for the disc of figure 8(a) and figure 8(c) describes a method of application of the disc.
  • Figures 8(b) and 8(c) are self-explanatory.
  • Figure 9(a) shows a wax/resin pop-out disc having an injection-moulded plastics rim together with a security foil. Preferred dimensions in millimetres are shown.
  • the disc is preferably substantially circular in plan view and the drawing is a cross-­section through a diameter.
  • the wax/resin body 30 of the disc is coated with a hot foil 21.
  • An annulus of the disc comprises a ring 34 coated on its lower edge with an adhesive 33. The conformational change of a lid on which the disc is bonded causes the wax/resin 30 to pop up leaving behind the rim 33.
  • Figures 9(b) and 9(c) show manufacturing and application methods appropriate to the disc of figure 9(a).
  • Figure 10(a) shows a pop-out disc formed as a moulding 35 having a wax coating 36 thereon.
  • the disc is substantially circular in plan view, a cross-section of its diameter being shown.
  • a rim 34 of the disc is joined to the central portion by means of an attachment spoke 37 or other line of weakness.
  • An annular groove 38 at the line of weakness may be filled with the wax 36.
  • the rim of the disc is bonded to a lid by means of adhesive 33. Dimensions in millimetres for one particular embodiment are shown, and for many cases we prefer ranges of from 0.5 to 2.0 times to those shown.
  • Figures 10(b) and 10(c) show manufacturing and application methods appropriate to the disc of figure 10(a).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
EP90308895A 1989-08-15 1990-08-13 Récipient pour indiquer son ouverture non-autorisée Expired - Lifetime EP0421590B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898918541A GB8918541D0 (en) 1989-08-15 1989-08-15 Detection of damaged goods
GB8918541 1989-08-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0421590A1 true EP0421590A1 (fr) 1991-04-10
EP0421590B1 EP0421590B1 (fr) 1995-02-01

Family

ID=10661609

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90308895A Expired - Lifetime EP0421590B1 (fr) 1989-08-15 1990-08-13 Récipient pour indiquer son ouverture non-autorisée

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0421590B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE117963T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2023375C (fr)
DE (1) DE69016556T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2069015T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB8918541D0 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0465134A1 (fr) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-08 Continental White Cap, Inc. Fermeture inviolable
EP0538410A4 (en) * 1990-07-09 1993-08-11 Continental White Cap, Inc. Closure with irreversible color change system
EP0467619B1 (fr) * 1990-07-18 1994-10-26 Continental White Cap, Inc. Fermeture de garantie utilisant des microcapsules
WO1995013229A1 (fr) * 1993-11-10 1995-05-18 Carnaudmetalbox Plc Dispositifs de fermeture pour recipients
GB2317882A (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-08 Chown Peter A C A container for a pressurised food or drink product
CN1079072C (zh) * 1996-02-08 2002-02-13 山村硝子株式会社 用合成树脂制成的防盗盖
WO2007129086A1 (fr) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-15 Gwentec Indicateur d'effractions
US7659816B2 (en) 2005-05-18 2010-02-09 Secure Logistics Sweden Ab Method and a device for detecting intrusion into or tampering with contents of an enclosure
EP2942307A1 (fr) 2014-05-09 2015-11-11 "KAJ" Spolka z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Couvercle sécurisé avec un élément de garantie principalement pour l'industrie pharmaceutique
EP3636964A1 (fr) * 2018-10-09 2020-04-15 LANXESS Deutschland GmbH Caps à indicateur de pression pour récipients

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0148030A2 (fr) * 1984-01-05 1985-07-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Indicateur de garantie opacifiable sous l'effet de tensions mécaniques
US4721217A (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-01-26 Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. Tamper evident optically variable device and article utilizing the same
US4747497A (en) * 1987-05-08 1988-05-31 Holman Tommy E Tamper detection cap

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0148030A2 (fr) * 1984-01-05 1985-07-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Indicateur de garantie opacifiable sous l'effet de tensions mécaniques
US4721217A (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-01-26 Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc. Tamper evident optically variable device and article utilizing the same
US4747497A (en) * 1987-05-08 1988-05-31 Holman Tommy E Tamper detection cap

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0465134A1 (fr) * 1990-06-29 1992-01-08 Continental White Cap, Inc. Fermeture inviolable
EP0538410A4 (en) * 1990-07-09 1993-08-11 Continental White Cap, Inc. Closure with irreversible color change system
EP0467619B1 (fr) * 1990-07-18 1994-10-26 Continental White Cap, Inc. Fermeture de garantie utilisant des microcapsules
WO1995013229A1 (fr) * 1993-11-10 1995-05-18 Carnaudmetalbox Plc Dispositifs de fermeture pour recipients
CN1079072C (zh) * 1996-02-08 2002-02-13 山村硝子株式会社 用合成树脂制成的防盗盖
GB2317882A (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-08 Chown Peter A C A container for a pressurised food or drink product
US7659816B2 (en) 2005-05-18 2010-02-09 Secure Logistics Sweden Ab Method and a device for detecting intrusion into or tampering with contents of an enclosure
WO2007129086A1 (fr) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-15 Gwentec Indicateur d'effractions
GB2451402A (en) * 2006-05-08 2009-01-28 Memseal Ltd Tamper indicator device
EP2942307A1 (fr) 2014-05-09 2015-11-11 "KAJ" Spolka z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Couvercle sécurisé avec un élément de garantie principalement pour l'industrie pharmaceutique
EP3636964A1 (fr) * 2018-10-09 2020-04-15 LANXESS Deutschland GmbH Caps à indicateur de pression pour récipients

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0421590B1 (fr) 1995-02-01
CA2023375C (fr) 2001-12-11
DE69016556T2 (de) 1995-07-06
GB8918541D0 (en) 1989-09-27
ATE117963T1 (de) 1995-02-15
CA2023375A1 (fr) 1991-02-16
DE69016556D1 (de) 1995-03-16
ES2069015T3 (es) 1995-05-01

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