EP0422973A1 - Kälteverfahren und -vorrichtung unter Verwendung von einer Kältemittelmischung - Google Patents

Kälteverfahren und -vorrichtung unter Verwendung von einer Kältemittelmischung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0422973A1
EP0422973A1 EP90402595A EP90402595A EP0422973A1 EP 0422973 A1 EP0422973 A1 EP 0422973A1 EP 90402595 A EP90402595 A EP 90402595A EP 90402595 A EP90402595 A EP 90402595A EP 0422973 A1 EP0422973 A1 EP 0422973A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
condenser
mixture
cooling
light constituent
residue
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90402595A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0422973B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Gauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP0422973A1 publication Critical patent/EP0422973A1/de
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Publication of EP0422973B1 publication Critical patent/EP0422973B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration process and installation using a refrigerant mixture. It relates firstly to a refrigeration process of the type in which a gas mixture is subjected to a cycle comprising steps of compression at a high pressure of the cycle, of condensation by cooling at high pressure, of expansion at a low pressure of the cycle and spraying at low pressure.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a technique applicable to installations of relatively small size and which, with a single cycle compressor, makes it possible to lower the cold temperature in a simple manner.
  • the invention relates to a process of the aforementioned type, characterized in that: - using a mixture comprising a heavy fraction and at least one light constituent; - Most of said light constituent is separated from the heavy fraction by permeation between a compression step and the condensation step by cooling; - The condensation step is subjected to cooling and the expansion step only to the residue of the permeation; - the permeate is added to said relaxed residue; and - The entire mixture is subjected to the vaporization step.
  • the invention also relates to an installation intended for the implementation of such a method.
  • This installation of the type comprising a loop which comprises in series a compressor, a condenser, expansion means and vaporization passages of an indirect heat exchanger which also has passages for a fluid to be refrigerated, this loop being traversed by a mixture which is gaseous at the suction of the compressor, is characterized in that: - The gas mixture comprises a heavy fraction and at least one light constituent; and - the loop includes between the compressor and the condenser a permeator much more permeable to said light constituent than to said heavy fraction, the high pressure side of which is connected to the condenser and the low pressure side of which is connected to the outlet of the expansion means.
  • the installation shown in the drawing is intended to cool a fluid circulating in a pipe 1. It includes a single cycle compressor 2, a permeator 3, a condenser 4, an indirect heat exchanger 5 and an expansion valve 6.
  • the refrigeration cycle uses a refrigerant mixture consisting of a heavy fraction and at least one light component that can be easily separated from it by permeation, typically a mixture of propane and hydrogen and / or helium.
  • This mixture arrives in the gaseous state, via a pipe 7, to the compressor 2 under a low pressure P1 approximately equal to atmospheric pressure, and is compressed to the pressure P2.
  • the compressed mixture passes, via a line 8, into the high pressure space 3A of the permeator 3, which separates most of the hydrogen therefrom by selective permeation.
  • the hydrogen thus passes into the low pressure space 3B of the permeator.
  • the residue from the permeation essentially consisting of propane, is evacuated from the space 3A via a pipe 9. This passes through the water condenser 4, from which the propane leaves in the liquid state under pressure P2 and at the high temperature T2 close to the ambient temperature.
  • the liquid propane then passes through the first cooling passages 10 of the exchanger 5, sub-cools there at the low temperature T1 of the cycle, then is expanded in the valve 6 to a low pressure P1, which is advantageously close of atmospheric pressure.
  • the permeate that is to say hydrogen, is also cooled to temperature T1 in second cooling passages 11 of the exchanger 5, then is combined in a line 12 with expanded propane.
  • the mixture thus reconstituted in two-phase form passes through vaporization-heating passages 13 of the exchanger 5, counter-current to the direction of circulation in passages 10 and 11 and in passages 14 of the same exchanger through which the fluid circulates. to cool.
  • propane vaporizes in the presence of hydrogen.
  • the pressure P1 and the temperature T2 being given, respectively equal to atmospheric pressure and to ambient temperature for economic reasons: the pressure P2, which is that necessary to obtain condensation by circulation of water, is the same as if the refrigerant fluid was pure propane, since the hydrogen is separated from it upstream of the condenser 4. This pressure P2 is therefore significantly lower than that which would be necessary in the absence of the permeator; and the temperature T1 is the temperature at which vaporization of propane begins in the presence of hydrogen at atmospheric pressure. This temperature is significantly lower than that achieved by propane alone.
  • the light component is separated from the mixture when it has an unfavorable effect (before the condensation step), and is re-introduced into the mixture when it has a favorable effect (before the vaporization).
  • the permeator 3 is suitable for separating the hydrogen from the other constituents of the mixture which is introduced therein, for example by means of a bundle of hollow fibers formed by a membrane with selective permeability.
  • a membrane suitable for this application is based on an aromatic polyamide technology developed by DU PONT DE NEMOURS according to patent Re 30,351 (Reissue from US 3,899,309). Other examples are described in patents US 4,180,553 and US 4,230,463.
  • the permeation parameters are adjusted so that the low pressure space 3B is substantially at the low pressure P1, in the vicinity of atmospheric pressure in l 'example considered.
  • the permeation can be carried out at a pressure p lower than P2, it may be advantageous to compress the mixture only to this pressure p before subjecting it to permeation, only the residue then being compressed by a second compressor 2A at pressure P2, upstream of the exchanger 4.
  • the compressor 2A can in particular constitute the last stage of the single cycle compressor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
EP90402595A 1989-10-09 1990-09-20 Kälteverfahren und -vorrichtung unter Verwendung von einer Kältemittelmischung Expired - Lifetime EP0422973B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8913158 1989-10-09
FR8913158A FR2652884B1 (fr) 1989-10-09 1989-10-09 Procede et installation de refrigeration utilisant un melange refrigerant.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0422973A1 true EP0422973A1 (de) 1991-04-17
EP0422973B1 EP0422973B1 (de) 1993-01-13

Family

ID=9386208

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90402595A Expired - Lifetime EP0422973B1 (de) 1989-10-09 1990-09-20 Kälteverfahren und -vorrichtung unter Verwendung von einer Kältemittelmischung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5086623A (de)
EP (1) EP0422973B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3006692B2 (de)
KR (1) KR910008351A (de)
AU (1) AU6327690A (de)
CA (1) CA2027066A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69000766T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2652884B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5837032A (en) * 1991-01-30 1998-11-17 The Cynara Company Gas separations utilizing glassy polymer membranes at sub-ambient temperatures
US5352272A (en) * 1991-01-30 1994-10-04 The Dow Chemical Company Gas separations utilizing glassy polymer membranes at sub-ambient temperatures
US5234471A (en) * 1992-02-04 1993-08-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyimide gas separation membranes for carbon dioxide enrichment
US5769927A (en) * 1997-01-24 1998-06-23 Membrane Technology And Research, Inc. Monomer recovery process
US5785739A (en) * 1997-01-24 1998-07-28 Membrane Technology And Research, Inc. Steam cracker gas separation process
CN113340020A (zh) 2021-05-27 2021-09-03 五邑大学 应用于冰箱的制冷设备

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4062197A (en) * 1976-07-09 1977-12-13 Hester Jarrett C Absorption heating-cooling system
FR2400173A1 (fr) * 1977-08-12 1979-03-09 Electricite De France Perfectionnements aux pompes a chaleur
DE3143534A1 (de) * 1981-11-03 1983-06-01 Joachim 2930 Varel Rieder Kontinuierlich arbeitende absorptionskaelteanlage ohne kaeltemittel - destillationsprozess
FR2529651A1 (fr) * 1982-07-05 1984-01-06 Inst Francais Du Petrole Production de froid et/ou de chaleur par utilisation de reactions electrochimiques

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1866526A (en) * 1928-02-07 1932-07-12 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co Refrigerating apparatus
KR930000852B1 (ko) * 1987-07-31 1993-02-06 마쓰시다덴기산교 가부시기가이샤 히이트 펌프장치

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4062197A (en) * 1976-07-09 1977-12-13 Hester Jarrett C Absorption heating-cooling system
FR2400173A1 (fr) * 1977-08-12 1979-03-09 Electricite De France Perfectionnements aux pompes a chaleur
DE3143534A1 (de) * 1981-11-03 1983-06-01 Joachim 2930 Varel Rieder Kontinuierlich arbeitende absorptionskaelteanlage ohne kaeltemittel - destillationsprozess
FR2529651A1 (fr) * 1982-07-05 1984-01-06 Inst Francais Du Petrole Production de froid et/ou de chaleur par utilisation de reactions electrochimiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2652884A1 (fr) 1991-04-12
CA2027066A1 (fr) 1991-04-10
JP3006692B2 (ja) 2000-02-07
JPH03134437A (ja) 1991-06-07
EP0422973B1 (de) 1993-01-13
DE69000766D1 (de) 1993-02-25
KR910008351A (ko) 1991-05-31
DE69000766T2 (de) 1993-04-29
AU6327690A (en) 1991-04-11
FR2652884B1 (fr) 1992-10-16
US5086623A (en) 1992-02-11

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