EP0423004B1 - Stahl mit hoher Härte für Panzerungen, Panzerungen und deren Herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Stahl mit hoher Härte für Panzerungen, Panzerungen und deren Herstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0423004B1
EP0423004B1 EP90402777A EP90402777A EP0423004B1 EP 0423004 B1 EP0423004 B1 EP 0423004B1 EP 90402777 A EP90402777 A EP 90402777A EP 90402777 A EP90402777 A EP 90402777A EP 0423004 B1 EP0423004 B1 EP 0423004B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
armour
less
carbon
plating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90402777A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0423004A1 (de
Inventor
Rémi Roux
Laurent Sangoy
Jacques Leger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industeel Creusot
Original Assignee
Creusot Loire SA
Creusot Loire Industrie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Creusot Loire SA, Creusot Loire Industrie SA filed Critical Creusot Loire SA
Publication of EP0423004A1 publication Critical patent/EP0423004A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0423004B1 publication Critical patent/EP0423004B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/045—Layered armour containing metal all the layers being metal layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high hardness steel for armor, over-armor and overprotection flap, usable in the form of sheet metal and / or parts and having high ballistic performance.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing such a steel.
  • Shielding steels are known, for example 28 NCD6 steel, the weight composition of which is: Carbon 0.28% Nickel 1.6% Chromium 1.6% Molybdenum 0.3% or steel 50 CDV5 whose weight composition is: Carbon 0.5% Chromium 5% Molybdenum 1.3% Vanadium 0.45%
  • the object of the invention is to improve the ballistic resistance qualities of the one-piece armor.
  • the increase in hardness allows the steels to better resist the impact of a projectile, the steel having to be capable of shattering the projectile.
  • the increase in hardness can lead to a decrease in resilience, that is to say an increase in brittleness.
  • the subject of the invention is a steel which reconciles a hardness comparable and even greater than the steels currently known and a resilience which nevertheless remains high.
  • carburogenic elements such as Carbon, Chromium, Manganese and Molybdenum makes it possible to ensure high levels of hardness.
  • the nickel content is determined so as to ensure good quenchability and to allow a high resilience steel to be obtained.
  • the sulfur content is preferably less than 0.002% to improve the resilience.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for the production of a shielding of high hardness steel whose weight composition is as follows: 0.4 to 0.7% carbon 0.3 to 1.5% manganese 0.1 to 2% chromium 0.5 to 1.5% silicon 1 to 5% nickel 0.2 to 1% molybdenum less than 0.015% phosphorus less than 0.005% sulfur the remainder being iron and residual impurities.
  • the invention also relates to a shield obtained by this method.
  • the invention also relates to a ballistic overprotection shutter for glazing windows or windshields of armored vehicles produced with a steel armor according to the invention.
  • the overprotection flap allows acceptable visibility and provides effective ballistic protection.
  • the high hardness steel according to the invention for shielding can be used preferably, in the form of a sheet for ballistic protection.
  • Laminated and treated sheet steel shows performance high ballistics.
  • composition of the steel according to the invention is given in proportion by weight in Table I. TABLE I Elements VS Yes Mn Or Cr Mo S P Proportion% 0.5 0.8 0.5 1.9 0.2 0.4 0.0007 0.004
  • the carbon content of 0.5% makes it possible to obtain a very high level of hardness after quenching.
  • the sulfur content must be as low as possible.
  • the steel produced is subjected to hot rolling.
  • the heating temperature before lamination is between 1000 and 1300 ° C and preferably between 1150 and 1250 ° C, the rate of wrinkling being greater than 2.
  • said sheet After developing a sheet, 7 mm thick for example, said sheet is subjected to an oil quenching heat treatment. It is kept in press during the quenching operation in order to obtain a flatness of approximately 3mm / m, the austenization temperature being 850 ° C. Tempering is followed by tempering at a temperature between 150 and 250 ° C and preferably equal to 220 ° C.
  • the measured mechanical properties of the sheets are, the Brinell hardness HB, the tensile properties of the steel, elastic limit Re, tensile strength Rm and elongation at break A as well as its impact properties at two determined temperatures ( + 20 ° C and -40 ° C).
  • the steel according to the invention has better properties in elasticity and in hardness than 28 NCD6 steel with a comparable impact resistance.
  • the steel according to the invention can be cut by plasma, flame cutting or laser process, with precautions adapted to the different sheet thicknesses.
  • the latter In order to optimize the ballistic performance of the sheet subjected to the impacts of projectiles, the latter, after rolling, is pierced with orifices.
  • the holes have for example a diameter between 3 and 15 mm.
  • the sheet pierced with orifices is then quenched, then subjected to tempering under the conditions described above.
  • the purpose of the perforated and treated sheet is to shatter or burst the core of the projectile without immediate deterioration of said over-armor.
  • the surface mass of the perforated sheet is reduced in the ratio of the overall surface of the orifices to the total surface of the sheet before drilling, the sheet being able to have from 30 to 60% reduction in weight, for the same ballistic protection efficiency.
  • the holes improve the resistance to cracking during impacts.
  • the shielding is formed from a solid sheet 1 (Fig. 1) according to the invention, covered on one of its faces or on its two faces with a material synthetic 2 such as for example an elastomer which can be reinforced, by mixing it with a synthetic fiber.
  • a material synthetic 2 such as for example an elastomer which can be reinforced
  • the armor according to the invention exhibits high ballistic performance, in particular against the piercing projectiles of 5.56mm, 7.62 mm and 12.7 mm caliber weapons.
  • the steel according to the invention can withstand in particular the piercing projectiles of 12.7 mm, 14.5 mm, and 20 mm caliber weapons.
  • the invention finds its application in particular in armor plating, placed in front of armorings of already existing structure, armor plating which make it possible to smash the projectile and therefore to reduce its perforating power.
  • the invention also finds its application in a ballistic overprotection shutter for windows or windshields of light armored vehicles.
  • Fig. 2 the front part of a light armored vehicle constituted by a shell 10 is shown diagrammatically.
  • the shell 10 has openings and in particular at the front an opening 20 provided with a glazing 30 which is slightly armored and which allows the driver to have good visibility and thus be able to drive the vehicle.
  • the vehicle is equipped with folding flaps 40 formed by a shield 50 of very high hardness steel according to the invention.
  • the shield 50 is pierced with a multitude of small orifices 60 regularly distributed and representing 30 to 60% of vacuum relative to the surface of said plate.
  • the orifices 60 have a diameter less than the smallest caliber which the windshield and the shutter 40 alone do not protect with the glazing 30 an empty space. This arrangement makes it possible to obtain overprotection of the windows or windshield of the vehicle, while ensuring visibility thanks to the large number of small orifices 60.
  • the flap 40 smashes or brakes projectiles, in particular perforating ones, which makes it possible to stop with the armored windshield the slowed-down projectiles or the sheaf of splinters passing through the flap.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Stahl zum Herstellen von Panzerungsblechen und/oder Panzerungsteilen mit höheren ballistischen Eigenschaften durch Walzen und Warmebehandlung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er die folgende chemische Gewichtszusammensetzung hat:
       0,4 % bis 0,7 % Kohlenstoff
       0,3 % bis 1,5 % Mangan
       0,1 % bis 2 % Chrom
       0,5 % bis 1,5 % Silicium
       1 % bis 5 % Nickel
       0,2 % bis 1 % Molybdän
       Weniger als 0,015 % Phosphor
       Weniger als 0,005 % Schwefel
    und dem Rest Eisen und Restverunreinigungen, die sich aus dem Schmelzen der zum Herstellen notwendigen Materialien ergeben, mit der Ausnahme des Zusammensetzungsgebietes, das durch die folgenden Bereiche gegeben ist:
       0,45 bis 0,6 % Kohlenstoff
       0,45 bis 0,65 % Mangan
       0,85 bis 1,15 % Chrom
       0,55 bis 1 % Silicium
       1 bis 1,75 % Nickel
       0,90 bis 1,0 % Molybdän
    in Kombination.
  2. Stahl nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schwefelgehalt unter 0,002 % liegt.
  3. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Panzerung aus Stahl dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ein Blech durch Warmwalzen auf einer Temperatur zwischen 1000° und 1300°C aus einem Stahl herstellt, der die folgende Gewichtszusammensetzung hat:
       0,4 bis 0,7 % Kohlenstoff
       0,3 bis 1,5 % Mangan
       0,1 bis 2 % Chrom
       0,5 bis 1,5 % Silicium
       1 bis 5 % Nickel
       0,2 bis 1 % Molybdän
       weniger als 0,015 % Phosphor
       weniger als 0,005 % Schwefel,
    der Rest Eisen und Restverunreinigungen und man anschließend das Blech unter Druck härtet und einem Anlassen zwischen 150° und 250°C unterwirft.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Härten mit Öl erfolgt.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Walzen nach einem Aufheizen auf eine Temperatur zwischen 1150°C und 1250°C mit einem Reduktionsverhältnis von über 2 erfolgt.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Härten nach einem Aufheizen auf eine Temperatur zwischen etwa 800°C und 960°C erfolgt.
  7. Panzerung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie nach dem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6 erhalten ist.
  8. Panzerung nach Anspruch 7 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem Stahlblech hoher Härte besteht, das mit regelmäßig verteilten Öffnungen durchschlagen ist, die 30 bis 60 % des Raumes bezüglich des Gesamtvolumens einnehmen.
  9. Panzerung nach Anspruch 7 oder Anspruch 8 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem Stahlblech hoher Härte besteht, das von einem Elastomermaterial überzogen ist.
  10. Panzerung nach Anspruch 9 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Elastomermaterial mit Kunstfasern gemischt ist.
  11. Ballistische Schutzklappe für die Verglasung der Fenster und der Frontschutzscheibe von gepanzerten Fahrzeugen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einer Stahlpanzerung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10 gebildet ist.
EP90402777A 1989-10-09 1990-10-05 Stahl mit hoher Härte für Panzerungen, Panzerungen und deren Herstellungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0423004B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8913164 1989-10-09
FR8913164A FR2652821B1 (fr) 1989-10-09 1989-10-09 Acier de haute durete pour blindage et procede d'elaboration d'un tel acier.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0423004A1 EP0423004A1 (de) 1991-04-17
EP0423004B1 true EP0423004B1 (de) 1994-12-14

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EP90402777A Expired - Lifetime EP0423004B1 (de) 1989-10-09 1990-10-05 Stahl mit hoher Härte für Panzerungen, Panzerungen und deren Herstellungsverfahren

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Country Link
US (1) US5122336A (de)
EP (1) EP0423004B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE115642T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2027185C (de)
DE (1) DE69015103T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2652821B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2327801C1 (ru) * 2006-10-04 2008-06-27 Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова РАН Высокопрочная сталь мартенситного класса
RU2331706C1 (ru) * 2006-12-25 2008-08-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Сталь для брони
DE102008035388A1 (de) 2008-07-29 2010-02-11 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeug-Panzerungsbauteils

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FR2674255B1 (fr) * 1991-03-19 1994-09-23 Creusot Loire Procede d'une fabrication de piece ouvree en acier ayant une tres forte resistance a l'abrasion, par decoupage d'un produit plat et piece ouvree obtenue.
DE4223895C1 (de) * 1992-07-21 1994-03-17 Thyssen Stahl Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von dicken Panzerblechen
GB2297094B (en) * 1995-01-20 1998-09-23 British Steel Plc Improvements in and relating to Carbide-Free Bainitic Steels
RU2160321C2 (ru) * 1998-07-21 2000-12-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Волгоцеммаш" Сталь
RU2185459C1 (ru) * 2001-09-03 2002-07-20 ООО "Баллистические защитные технологии "Форт" Высокопрочная броневая листовая сталь
DE50202536D1 (de) * 2001-12-19 2005-04-28 Boehler Bleche Gmbh Muerzzusch Wekstoff mit hoher ballistischer Schutzwirkung
JP4698921B2 (ja) * 2002-01-22 2011-06-08 出光興産株式会社 焼入れ方法
RU2236482C1 (ru) * 2003-06-18 2004-09-20 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-Исследовательский Институт Стали" Броневая сталь
DE102004006093B3 (de) * 2004-02-06 2005-12-01 Fes Gmbh Fahrzeug-Entwicklung Sachsen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dreidimensional geformten Panzerungsbauteils für Fahrzeugkarosserien
DE102005014298B4 (de) * 2005-03-24 2006-11-30 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Panzerung für ein Fahrzeug
US8444776B1 (en) 2007-08-01 2013-05-21 Ati Properties, Inc. High hardness, high toughness iron-base alloys and methods for making same
BRPI0814141A8 (pt) * 2007-08-01 2017-04-04 Ati Properties Inc Ligas à base de ferro com alta dureza e resistência, produto laminado de blindagem, artigo de fabricação compreendendo tal liga e método para fabricar um produto laminado de blindagem
DE102008014914B4 (de) * 2007-08-23 2013-07-04 Vps Vehicle Protection Systems Gmbh Strukturteil für eine Fahrzeug-Panzerung
DE102007039993A1 (de) * 2007-08-23 2009-02-26 Edag Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Strukturteil für eine Fahrzeug-Panzerung
DE102008010168B4 (de) * 2008-02-20 2010-04-22 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Panzerung für ein Fahrzeug
RU2392347C1 (ru) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-20 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Научно-Исследовательский Институт Стали" (Оао "Нии Стали") Свариваемая противопульная броневая сталь
GB201012229D0 (en) * 2010-07-21 2010-09-08 Secr Defence An armour element
GB2483267B (en) * 2010-09-02 2014-10-15 Bae Systems Plc Armour assembly
US9182196B2 (en) 2011-01-07 2015-11-10 Ati Properties, Inc. Dual hardness steel article
RU2456368C1 (ru) * 2011-02-08 2012-07-20 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли (Минпромторг России) Высокопрочная стойкая при динамическом воздействии сталь и способ производства листов из нее
US9657363B2 (en) 2011-06-15 2017-05-23 Ati Properties Llc Air hardenable shock-resistant steel alloys, methods of making the alloys, and articles including the alloys
DE102012100573A1 (de) 2012-01-24 2013-07-25 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Schutzelement zum Schutz gegen ballistische Geschosse und militärisches Fahrzeug
US9499890B1 (en) 2012-04-10 2016-11-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy High-strength, high-toughness steel articles for ballistic and cryogenic applications, and method of making thereof
RU2499844C1 (ru) * 2012-07-20 2013-11-27 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" Способ производства листовой стали
RU2520247C1 (ru) * 2013-03-01 2014-06-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная фирма "ЛВС" Высокопрочная броневая сталь и способ производства листов из нее
DE102016108836B4 (de) * 2016-05-12 2018-05-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Kraftfahrzeugbauteil sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102019116363A1 (de) 2019-06-17 2020-12-17 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Panzerungsbauteils für Kraftfahrzeuge
CN116904834B (zh) * 2023-07-17 2025-10-24 山东电力工业锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 一种高强韧超细珠光体钢板材及其制备方法

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2327801C1 (ru) * 2006-10-04 2008-06-27 Институт металлургии и материаловедения им. А.А. Байкова РАН Высокопрочная сталь мартенситного класса
RU2331706C1 (ru) * 2006-12-25 2008-08-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Сталь для брони
DE102008035388A1 (de) 2008-07-29 2010-02-11 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeug-Panzerungsbauteils
DE102008035388B4 (de) * 2008-07-29 2011-01-20 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeug-Panzerungsbauteils

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE115642T1 (de) 1994-12-15
FR2652821A1 (fr) 1991-04-12
CA2027185C (fr) 2000-05-02
EP0423004A1 (de) 1991-04-17
FR2652821B1 (fr) 1994-02-18
DE69015103D1 (de) 1995-01-26
DE69015103T2 (de) 1995-05-04
US5122336A (en) 1992-06-16
CA2027185A1 (fr) 1991-04-10

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