Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
  • G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a musical instrument with a bow, that is to say belonging to the fa i lLe of violins, violas, violas and double basses.
• the bill of violins in composite material that is to say at least The soundboard is based on oriented fibers (carbon or aromatic polyamides. Arranged in more or less crossed layers and connected together by a resin, has always was a failure because the sounds produced could never reach the richness of the sounds of a classical instrument.
• the present invention intends to propose an instrument using as one of its components, a composite material which does not have the drawbacks of prior instruments. To this end, it therefore relates to a musical instrument with a bow, at least of which the soundboard consists of a thin wall of composite material comprising a superposition of at least two crossed layers of long oriented fibers, covered on at least one of its faces a lining material of density significantly lower than that of the fibers, in which the arrangement of the nap? s of fibers is such that the ratio: modulus of elasticity Longitudinal / modulus of transverse elasticity of the wall is higher along the axis of symmetry Lon ⁇ gitudinal of the wall than in the vicinity of lateral edges of the instrument.
• FIG. 1 represents a front view of a violin of which at least the soundboard conforms to the invention
• FIG. 1 is a side view of the violin of Figure 1
• FIG. 3 is a section along line III-III of Figure 2 of the soundboard of the invention
• - Figure 4 is an enlarged view of an elementary fraction of the section of Figure 3
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating two possible basic structures for a composite wall usable as soundboard or background.
• the violin shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 conventionally takes a soundboard 1, a bottom 2 and sides 3 closing laterally the sound box.
• a handle 4 is coupled to the resonance box at the end of which strings 5 are fixed by pegs, these strings passing over an easel 6 located between the gills 7 of the soundboard, to lead to the tailpiece 8 of l 'instrument.
• the soundboard 1 is a vaulted wall shaped by molding a composite material comprising a superposition of layers (A, B, C, D, ..) of carbon fibers prepreg in a polymeric sand resin, these layers being crossed at selected angles. On each side of this superposition, there is a cladding in wood veneer, Y and Z, which gives the table the characteristics from the vibratory point of view (damping, decrease in the overall density of the wall ).
• Figure 4 is the drawing of an elementary fraction dS of the section of the table shown in Figure 3.
• This fraction enlarged disproportionately for the needs of the presentation, is crossed by fibers 10 to 14 (or bundles of fi bres), oriented in a direction determined according to the tablecloth to which they belong and / or their position in the tablecloth.
• the fibers 10, 12 and 14, belonging to different layers are perpendicular to the fraction dS of section therefore parallel to the longitu ⁇ dinal axis 9 of symmetry of the instrument;
• the fibers 11 and 13 belonging to plies interposed between the preceding plies are crossed with respect to the fibers 10,12,14.
• FIG. 5 shows a wall according to the intention in which one of the plies A of fibers is laterally truncated.
• the wall thus constructed presents on these edges a lower modulus of elasticity ratio than in the center. It is of course possible to cut the sheet A according to a contour adapted to the final shape of the violin.
• FIG. 6 it can be seen that at least one of the sheets A has fibers which are oriented at the edges much more transversely than at the center where they are almost parallel to the axis of symmetry of the wall. This is also achieved by this means, by combining one or more plies of this type by crossing them with layers of straight longitudinal fibers or at an angle, to the construction of a wall meeting the required characteristics.
• the soundboard 1 comprises among its tablecloths tablecloths of the kind of that in FIG. 6. It may also include tablecloths of the kind A of FIG. 5
• These arrangements show that the ratio of the elasticity modules is maximum at the center of the instrument, along its axis of symmetry Longitudinal 9. What is described for the soundboard also applies to the background from the sound box.
• the soundboard and the back can include Local reinforcements by adding additional layers of Limited area. For example, we know that there exists in Souls a soul lodged inside the resonance box slightly forcibly between the table and the bottom, near one of the legs of the easel.
• the contact zones of the table and the bottom with the core can be reinforced by adding, before plating, these additional partial plies which mechanically reinforce these zones where there is, due to the core, a concentration of stresses.
• the ratio of the elastic moduli can be greater than that of an area near the axis of symmetry of the wall and therefore a fortiori of an area near the edges of the instrument, but the surface concerned is limited.
• the ratio of the elasticity modules is decreasing either continuously or by level from the center to the edges .

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
• Adornments (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
• Details Of Garments (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9383503

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (16)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1989
  • 1989-07-05 FR FR8909048A patent/FR2649525B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1990
  • 1990-07-03 JP JP2510016A patent/JPH0786749B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-07-03 WO PCT/FR1990/000501 patent/WO1991000589A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1990-07-03 EP EP90910767A patent/EP0433430B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-07-03 US US07/651,358 patent/US5171926A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-07-03 AT AT90910767T patent/ATE129826T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-07-03 ES ES90910767T patent/ES2081371T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-07-03 DE DE69023318T patent/DE69023318T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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