EP0439994A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour stocker des gaz techniques - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour stocker des gaz techniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0439994A1
EP0439994A1 EP19900810071 EP90810071A EP0439994A1 EP 0439994 A1 EP0439994 A1 EP 0439994A1 EP 19900810071 EP19900810071 EP 19900810071 EP 90810071 A EP90810071 A EP 90810071A EP 0439994 A1 EP0439994 A1 EP 0439994A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner container
gas
container
technical gases
storing technical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19900810071
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
François Le Fort
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carbagas AG
Original Assignee
Carbagas AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carbagas AG filed Critical Carbagas AG
Priority to EP19900810071 priority Critical patent/EP0439994A1/fr
Publication of EP0439994A1 publication Critical patent/EP0439994A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/10—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by liquid-circulating or vapour-circulating jackets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for storing technical gases according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for decanting and storing these gases.
  • gases for example gases in the air such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon etc.
  • gases in the air such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon etc.
  • gases in the air such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon etc.
  • gases in the air such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon etc.
  • the suitable processes and facilities differ essentially in the physical state in which the gas is stored.
  • the containers are generally designed according to the principle of the vacuum-insulated double jacket container.
  • the inner container contains the gas, which is in the liquid and in the gaseous phase. According to the vapor pressure curve of the medium, both phases are in equilibrium with each other.
  • the inner container must be designed for the maximum working pressure inside with a vacuum as external pressure.
  • the inner container is exposed to the storage temperatures of the liquefied gas, i.e. very low temperatures. Therefore, the inner container in the known embodiments made of stainless steel to withstand the loads at these temperatures.
  • Such containers are relatively expensive due to the material costs alone.
  • the larger tanks for liquefied gases are equipped with external evaporators.
  • internal evaporators can also be implemented, which are arranged in the space between the inner and outer containers and, due to the heat removal, increase the insulating effect of the space.
  • small containers are subject to pressure increases and possibly gas losses through the safety valve during long periods of inactivity.
  • the content displays are relatively expensive and inaccurate, the pressure regulating elements are difficult to adjust to the value desired by the consumer and their operation is often too complicated for customers. Small containers are very bad for high fluctuations in consumption.
  • the device according to the invention for storing technical gases has an inner container 1 and an outer container 2.
  • the inner container 1 is arranged within the outer container 2 in such a way that an intermediate space 3 is present between the two containers, which intermediate space is the inner container completely encloses.
  • the inner container is provided in its upper area with a filling line 4 and in its lower area with an extraction line 5.
  • the two lines 4, 5 are each guided through the outer container 2 to the outside.
  • the bushings 6, 7 required for this are designed in such a way that tightness is guaranteed, even when the outer container is under pressure.
  • the storage container is filled with liquefied gas via the connecting line 8 and the shut-off element 10. After filling, the liquefied gas 9 is in the inner container 1.
  • the filling process is ended at the latest when the inner container 1 is completely filled.
  • the differential pressure between the inner container 1 and the intermediate space 3 is used in an embodiment of the method according to the invention. If the differential pressure increases, that is to say the pressure in the inner container increases, this means that the inner container is completely filled with liquefied gas, that is to say the filling process has ended.
  • the outer container 2 is provided with a connection 5b, which is advantageously located in the area of the bushing 7.
  • a device for displaying the differential pressure or for automatically ending the filling process is connected to the connection 5b on the one hand and on the line 8 on the other hand, connected.
  • a closable opening 5c is additionally provided at the lowest point of the outer container 2, that is to say in the area in which the leadthrough 7 is advantageously also located. This opening 5c is used to drain liquid, for example after leak tests have been carried out.
  • Evaporation of liquefied gas in the closed volume increases the pressure in the inner container after filling.
  • the extraction line 5 attached to the nozzle 5a leads through the outer container into the inlet 14 of an evaporator 13 arranged outside the outer container.
  • the evaporator 13 is preferably arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the gas outlet 15 of the evaporator 13 is connected to the gas inlet 16 of the intermediate space 3 via the line 17. The liquefied gas emerging from the inner container thus passes into the evaporator 13 and from there into the intermediate space 3.
  • Gas is withdrawn from the intermediate space 3 by means of a gas line 18.
  • the gas line 18 is connected at the node 18a to the line 17 leading to the intermediate space 3 and to the gas outlet 15 of the evaporator 13.
  • the gas line 18 is equipped with a shut-off device 19.
  • a safety valve 20 which prevents the pressure from rising above the maximum permissible value, for example in the event of the system being overfilled with liquid gas, by releasing gas to the outside.
  • This safety valve is via node 18a and the lines connected there are connected to the intermediate space 3 and the evaporator 13.
  • a hydrostatic pressure which is composed of the vapor pressure in the gas cushion 12 and the static pressure of the liquid column, which is defined by the height of the instantaneous liquid level 11 above the connection 5a, acts on the connection 5a of the extraction line.
  • liquefied gas 9 enters the evaporator 13 through the outlet nozzle 5a and the line 5.
  • the evaporator 13 is preferably a heat exchanger, which uses the environment as a heat source. In the evaporator 13, the liquefied gas absorbs heat from the environment and evaporates. Since the gas has a lower density than the liquid, it rises. It emerges heated at the upper end 15 of the evaporator 13 and reaches the intermediate space 3 via the line 17 and the inlet 16.
  • the pressure in the intermediate space 3 during evaporation and warming up of the liquefied gas quantity 9 is lower by the pressure loss in line 5, in evaporator 13 and in line 17 than in the inner container.
  • the evaporator 13 is installed in a vertical arrangement and the gas inlet 16 into the outer container is preferably at a higher level than the maximum filling level for the liquefied gas.
  • the pressure loss that occurs when flowing through the line 5, the evaporator 13 and the line 17 determines in addition to the pressure drop the flow velocity and thus the mass flow of the transfer process between the inner container and the intermediate space.
  • the heating of the vaporized gas and thus the temperature at which the gas enters the intermediate space at the gas inlet 16 depends, among other things, on this mass flow and the heat flow transmitted by the evaporator.
  • the relevant components are adjusted so that the gas temperature at gas inlet 16 does not fall below the temperature of the surroundings by more than 10 to 20 °. So there is no cryogenic medium in the gap.
  • the outer container must withstand the gas pressure inside it, but it is not exposed to the thermal stress of the frozen liquefied gas. For this reason, it is possible to manufacture the outer container, which has to be dimensioned accordingly, from an ordinary, comparatively inexpensive steel.
  • the gas jacket located in the intermediate space 3 between the inner and outer container completely encloses the inner container 1 and in this way forms an insulator for the inner container 1, which acts as a low-temperature vessel.
  • the inner container which is to be manufactured from relatively expensive material, for example stainless steel, for reasons already mentioned, can thus be kept relatively thin-walled.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the gas container according to the invention.
  • the outer container 21 and the inner container 22 are not cylindrical, but spherical. Otherwise, the structure of this embodiment corresponds to the structure described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • An additional possible application of the invention results if, for example, the spherical container shown in FIG. 2 were mounted on a transport pallet. With the help of standard pallet conveyors, the container could be moved to a location that is easily accessible to the tanker and to various locations.
  • a gas container is created, which represents a very interesting variant for conventional bundles of bottles or small containers for deep-frozen liquefied gases for medium-sized consumers.
  • the outer container of the device according to the invention is constructed as a pressure container and is designed for an internal pressure of, for example, 60 bar.
  • the container according to the invention can be set up at the customer and can be filled with frozen liquefied gas quickly and economically like a conventional low-temperature container by tanker truck or transport container.
  • the evaporator can be designed to be smaller than in the case of conventional low-temperature containers, since the vaporization of the frozen liquefied gas takes place gradually and the intermediate space formed by the outer container acts as a gas reservoir with a relatively large volume.
  • the inner container which is made of expensive material such as stainless steel, only has to be designed for a very low internal pressure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP19900810071 1990-01-31 1990-01-31 Procédé et dispositif pour stocker des gaz techniques Withdrawn EP0439994A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19900810071 EP0439994A1 (fr) 1990-01-31 1990-01-31 Procédé et dispositif pour stocker des gaz techniques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19900810071 EP0439994A1 (fr) 1990-01-31 1990-01-31 Procédé et dispositif pour stocker des gaz techniques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0439994A1 true EP0439994A1 (fr) 1991-08-07

Family

ID=8205904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900810071 Withdrawn EP0439994A1 (fr) 1990-01-31 1990-01-31 Procédé et dispositif pour stocker des gaz techniques

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0439994A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4443079A1 (de) * 1994-12-03 1996-06-13 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren zum Verdampfen von tiefkalt verflüssigten Gasen
WO2007128023A1 (fr) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-15 Hermeling, Katharina Procédé de compression cyclique, sans piston, de la phase gazeuse de gaz liquéfiés à basse température.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR802764A (fr) * 1935-03-01 1936-09-15 Industriegasverwertung Ag F Procédés et appareils pour débiter une matière gazeuse
FR943223A (fr) * 1946-09-19 1949-03-02 Procédé, appareil et installation pour la production d'oxygène gazeux à partir d'oxygène liquide sur les lieux d'utilisation et leurs applications
DE2757019A1 (de) * 1976-12-23 1978-07-06 Air Liquide Verfahren und anlage zum verteilen von gas unter druck

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR802764A (fr) * 1935-03-01 1936-09-15 Industriegasverwertung Ag F Procédés et appareils pour débiter une matière gazeuse
FR943223A (fr) * 1946-09-19 1949-03-02 Procédé, appareil et installation pour la production d'oxygène gazeux à partir d'oxygène liquide sur les lieux d'utilisation et leurs applications
DE2757019A1 (de) * 1976-12-23 1978-07-06 Air Liquide Verfahren und anlage zum verteilen von gas unter druck

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 10, Nr. 6 (M-445)[2063], 11. Januar 1986; & JP-A-60 168 997 (HITACHI SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 02-09-1985 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4443079A1 (de) * 1994-12-03 1996-06-13 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren zum Verdampfen von tiefkalt verflüssigten Gasen
WO2007128023A1 (fr) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-15 Hermeling, Katharina Procédé de compression cyclique, sans piston, de la phase gazeuse de gaz liquéfiés à basse température.

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