EP0441239A1 - Système de toilettes à sec - Google Patents

Système de toilettes à sec Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0441239A1
EP0441239A1 EP91101261A EP91101261A EP0441239A1 EP 0441239 A1 EP0441239 A1 EP 0441239A1 EP 91101261 A EP91101261 A EP 91101261A EP 91101261 A EP91101261 A EP 91101261A EP 0441239 A1 EP0441239 A1 EP 0441239A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
toilet
waste
valve
waste stack
bowl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP91101261A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kauko Kankkunen
Matti Kankkunen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SIXA Oy
Original Assignee
SIXA Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SIXA Oy filed Critical SIXA Oy
Publication of EP0441239A1 publication Critical patent/EP0441239A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
    • E03D9/04—Special arrangement or operation of ventilating devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
    • E03D11/10—Bowls with closure elements provided between bottom or outlet and the outlet pipe; Bowls with pivotally supported inserts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dry toilet system in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • the disclosed system is particularly suitable for multi-storey buildings in urban areas; yet the system design permits its installation in all types of apartment buildings as well as residences.
  • the removal of wastes causes costs also for the users of the system, that is, the tenants or the building cooperative shareholders.
  • the operating costs of the toilet system derive from the consumption charge of drinking water and the waste handling charge of sewage water.
  • Prior-art dry toilets have, however, a low capacity which necessitates their frequent emptying. In multi-storey buildings the removal of fermented waste from dry toilets is cumbersome. Therefore, the prior-art dry toilets are applicable only to a relatively temporary and cyclic use in, e.g., campers, boats and recreational buildings.
  • the invention is based on constructing a waste stack in the building so that said stack is connected via a valve to a waste collection container.
  • the individual toilets are connected to the stack via branch pipes and valves. Backflow of odours to the toilet space is prevented by the use of a vacuum in the system.
  • the invention provides outstanding benefits.
  • organic wastes from households are composted, whereby they produce biogas, and the solid waste remaining can be used for landfill, or alternatively, when complemented with proper fertilizing additives, as a fertilizer. All organic waste generated in the premises can be removed via the described system, which reduces the waste handling costs of the premises. The remaining wastes are easier to sort either prior to transportation or at the dump site, which makes the reclaiming of recyclable material such as glass and metals easier.
  • a toilet connected to said system in accordance with the invention, said toilet being located in each separate apartment, is used in a closely similar manner as a conventional toilet, which makes the use of the toilet easy to learn and its acceptance threshold low.
  • the system is quieter than a conventional sewer system. Said system is applicable to all types of buildings, and it can also easily be constructed in premises to be refurbished.
  • Figure 1 shows diagrammatically the system in accordance with the invention in a multi-storey building.
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of the toilet seat to be used in the system in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a sectional view of another embodiment of the toilet seat.
  • the waste removal system comprises a waste stack 1 and toilet seats 4, which are joined with connecting branches 5 to the waste stack 1.
  • the lower end of the waste stack has a control valve 8, via which the waste stack 1 is connected to a waste collection container 10.
  • the control valve 8 in the described embodiment is a ball valve.
  • To the waste stack 1, above the control valve 8, is connected the upper end of a venting duct 6.
  • the venting duct 6 is routed to the roof of the building, and the upper end of the duct is provided with a roof exhaust fan 7.
  • the roof exhaust fan 7 provides for a vacuum applied to the waste stack 1 via the venting duct 6. With the help of the vacuum, the odours from the waste stack are prevented from reaching the toilet space via the toilet seat 4.
  • the upper end of the waste stack 1 has a venting valve 2.
  • the passage of the wastes in the system is designated in Fig. 1 by solid arrows, while the passage of the air stream sucked by the roof fan 7 is designated by the larger outline arrows.
  • the seat used in the described toilet system is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the seat comprises a bowl 4, a seat cover 3, and a check valve 19.
  • the lower side of the cover is provided with a bag cassette 12.
  • the cassette 12 is filled with folded bags 20 manufactured from coated paper.
  • the check valve 19 is placed to the lower part of the bowl 4, and the seat is connected via the valve 19 to the branching union 5.
  • the stack of the spindle in the check valve 19 is provided with a cogwheel mechanism 16, 17, and one of the cogwheels has a rod 14 connected to it.
  • the rod has a return spring 15 adapted about the valve shaft.
  • the check valve 19 in this embodiment is a ball valve. When lifted to its upper position, the cover 3 of the toilet seat reaches the position indicated by dashed lines.
  • the seat functions as follows: When the toilet is not used, the cover 3 of the seat is in its closed position. When the seat is to be used, the cover 3 is lifted to its upper position. Lifting the cover 3 makes grippers 24 at the sides of the seat catch the lowermost bag 20 in the cassette 12 and hold the bag to the sides of the seat. The bags are folded to the center of the cassette 12, and when the cover 3 with its cassette 12 is lifted to its upper position, the mid-part of the bag 20 sinks into the bowl 4 of the seat.
  • the check valve 12 is opened by pulling a knob 13 adapted to the rod 14.
  • the other end of the rod 14 is attached to a large cogwheel 16.
  • the motion of the rod 14 rotates the cogwheel 16, which further rotates the spindle of the check valve 19 by the valve shaft.
  • the motion of the rod 14 is stopped when the valve is fully open, and the rod 14 is latched to its end position, whereby the valve 19 is also latched open.
  • the valve 19 is dimensioned so as to make its throat diameter as large, or preferable, slightly larger than the diameter of the lower part of the bowl 4 in the seat.
  • the cover 3 After toilet use, the cover 3 is closed, whereby the cover 3 pushes the grippers 24 aside, whereby they release allowing the bag 20 to fall through the valve 19 and the connecting branch 5 to the waste stack 1.
  • the rod 14 is released from its latched position, whereby the rod is allowed to fall to its lower position under the force imposed by the spring 15 and the rod thereby closes the valve 19 by turning it via the cogwheel mechanism 16, 17.
  • the disposal of household wastes takes place in a similar manner, except that the wastes can be placed in the bag even prior to their dropping into the toilet bowl.
  • the connecting branches 5 and the waste stack 1 are dimensioned so that the diameter of the piping increases at each branching joint so as to avoid throttling points of the piping at which the bag 20 to be removed could adhere to, thus making it possible for the wastes packed in the bag to freely fall via the connecting and stack piping 5, 1 onto the control valve 8.
  • the control valve 8 is typically held closed and opened cyclicly under a timer control, then releasing the waste accumulated to the lower end of the waste stack 1 to fall into the collection container 10 placed below.
  • the cyclic and generally closed operation of the control valve 8 is because thereby the odours of the waste collected in the container is prevented from escaping to the surroundings.
  • the valve 8 is controlled to automatically open at approx. 10...30 min intervals.
  • the roof fan 7 is dimensioned so as to maintain a sufficient vacuum in the stack 1 even when all toilet seats connected to the same waste stack 1 are used simultaneously. Notwithstanding the use of the bag, the bowl 4 of the toilet seat must be cleaned at regular intervals. The bowl can be cleaned by flushing with water in the same manner as is done for a conventional toilet seat. The required flushing water is taken from the faucets of the toilet space. This small volume of water entering the system from flushing does not impair the toilet system function; by contrast, water promotes the further handling of waste.
  • the collection containers are removable.
  • the containers are placed on rails along which they are transferred.
  • a full container 9 is detached from the control valve 8 and withdrawn from below it.
  • An empty container 10 is pushed under the control valve 8 and attached to the valve 8.
  • the next empty container 11 to be used remains waiting on the rails.
  • the transfer direction of the containers is designated by arrows a.
  • the transfer and replacement of the containers is handled by a garbage hauling service, and a timer is used for the replacement and the actuation of the control valve 8.
  • the containers are transported to the site of further treatment by trucks equipped with a lift-off container system.
  • a full container 9 is lifted onto a truck and transported to the site for further treatment, where the waste collected into the container is transferred to a larger composting container.
  • the volume of the collection containers varies according to the tenants in the building. In multi-storey buildings the appropriate container volume is approx. 2...5 m3, while in family dwellings a container of approx. 1 m3 will suffice.
  • the containers have necessary connections for water discharge or addition. During further treatment, chemicals are added if necessary to the container, and if the waste has insufficient moisture content, also water is added. Oxygen is removed from the container by suction, and the container contents are left to ferment, whereby the metabolism of anaerobic bacteria produces methane during the fermentation of the waste. This methane gas can then be used as fuel in, e.g., district heating or thermal power plants. After the addition of appropriate fertilizing compounds, the composted waste is finally applicable as a fertilizer or landfill.
  • FIG. 3 Illustrated in Fig. 3 is another embodiment of the toilet seat suitable for use in the system in accordance with the invention.
  • This seat design has not a bag cassette 12 similar to that used in the toilet seat shown in Fig. 2.
  • the spindle 23 of the check valve 19 is shaped to include a recess into which a bag 22 similar to a coffee filter is placed.
  • Under the upper rim of the bowl 4 of the seat is mounted a water pipe 21 with holes.
  • the seat has a similar construction to that of the seat shown in Fig. 2.
  • the cover 3 is opened and the bag 22 is placed in the recess of the spindle 23 of the valve 19.
  • the valve 19 is opened by pulling from the knob 13, whereby the waste bag 22 is automatically closed and dumped via the connection branch 5 to the waste stack 1.
  • water is sprinkled to the bowl from the water pipe 21 and the bowl is flushed clean. The flushing water and urine waste are routed to the sewer in this embodiment.
  • the use of the above-described toilet seat is no fashion different from the use of a conventional toilet seat.
  • control and check valves 8 and 19 can have the form of any suitable valve type such as, e.g., disc or slide valve.
  • the above-described actuator mechanism 13...17 of the valve 19 can be replaced by, e.g., an electric motor.
  • the seat is directly connected to the waste stack 1, thus making the use of connection branches unnecessary.
  • the bags 20 used in the system can be manufactured from different grades of paper or degradable plastics.
  • the computation is based on treating the charges for raw water and waste water as costs of the balance sheet, while the price of produced biogas is considered as income.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
EP91101261A 1990-02-06 1991-01-31 Système de toilettes à sec Ceased EP0441239A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI900572 1990-02-06
FI900572A FI900572A7 (fi) 1990-02-06 1990-02-06 Torrtoalettsystem.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0441239A1 true EP0441239A1 (fr) 1991-08-14

Family

ID=8529836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91101261A Ceased EP0441239A1 (fr) 1990-02-06 1991-01-31 Système de toilettes à sec

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0441239A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04215731A (fr)
CA (1) CA2035416A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI900572A7 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2686920A1 (fr) * 1992-02-04 1993-08-06 Brazes Roger Water closet a cuvette jetable.
EP0923900A1 (fr) * 1997-12-16 1999-06-23 Chin Fu Nian Système de toilettes à sec
DE19750987C2 (de) * 1997-11-18 2002-11-21 Christian Simon Mobile Trockentoilette
AU2003100524B4 (en) * 2003-07-01 2003-08-14 Stephen Paul Holdings Pty Limited Ventilated sanitary plumbing systems
WO2008020262A1 (fr) * 2006-08-14 2008-02-21 Toiletfriend International (Pty) Ltd Système d'extraction
WO2011062467A3 (fr) * 2009-11-17 2011-11-24 Quintero Alvarez Eduardo Chasse-odeurs pour urinoirs exempts d'eau et d'autres liquides
AU2013201917B1 (en) * 2013-03-25 2013-11-14 Azzurra Imports Pty Ltd Low flush toilet system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100420800C (zh) * 2005-03-22 2008-09-24 林伟平 倾倒式节能坐便器

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1948485A1 (de) * 1969-09-25 1971-04-01 Kumar Bhatia Hygienischer Schutz fuer Toilettensitze
FR2090838A5 (fr) * 1970-04-30 1972-01-14 Villeroy Boch Keramische
DE2654437B1 (de) * 1976-12-01 1978-03-02 Electrolux Gmbh Unterdruck-Entwaesserungssystem fuer Haeuser,Fabrikationsstaetten,Schiffe o.dgl.
DE2656741A1 (de) * 1976-12-15 1978-06-22 Electrolux Gmbh Verfahren zum abfuehren der abwaesser von hausanschluessen
US4346002A (en) * 1979-09-04 1982-08-24 Petzinger Manfred W A Waterless vacuum toilet
DE8522862U1 (de) * 1985-08-08 1986-04-10 Wegner, Karl-Heinz, 2080 Kummerfeld Papierspender für Toilettenbecken
DE3442565A1 (de) * 1984-11-22 1986-05-28 Blum, Albert, 5204 Lohmar Faekalien-foerdersystem

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1948485A1 (de) * 1969-09-25 1971-04-01 Kumar Bhatia Hygienischer Schutz fuer Toilettensitze
FR2090838A5 (fr) * 1970-04-30 1972-01-14 Villeroy Boch Keramische
DE2654437B1 (de) * 1976-12-01 1978-03-02 Electrolux Gmbh Unterdruck-Entwaesserungssystem fuer Haeuser,Fabrikationsstaetten,Schiffe o.dgl.
DE2656741A1 (de) * 1976-12-15 1978-06-22 Electrolux Gmbh Verfahren zum abfuehren der abwaesser von hausanschluessen
US4346002A (en) * 1979-09-04 1982-08-24 Petzinger Manfred W A Waterless vacuum toilet
DE3442565A1 (de) * 1984-11-22 1986-05-28 Blum, Albert, 5204 Lohmar Faekalien-foerdersystem
DE8522862U1 (de) * 1985-08-08 1986-04-10 Wegner, Karl-Heinz, 2080 Kummerfeld Papierspender für Toilettenbecken

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2686920A1 (fr) * 1992-02-04 1993-08-06 Brazes Roger Water closet a cuvette jetable.
DE19750987C2 (de) * 1997-11-18 2002-11-21 Christian Simon Mobile Trockentoilette
EP0923900A1 (fr) * 1997-12-16 1999-06-23 Chin Fu Nian Système de toilettes à sec
AU2003100524B4 (en) * 2003-07-01 2003-08-14 Stephen Paul Holdings Pty Limited Ventilated sanitary plumbing systems
WO2005003472A1 (fr) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-13 Stephen Paul Holdings Pty. Ltd. Systemes de plomberie sanitaire ventilee
WO2008020262A1 (fr) * 2006-08-14 2008-02-21 Toiletfriend International (Pty) Ltd Système d'extraction
WO2011062467A3 (fr) * 2009-11-17 2011-11-24 Quintero Alvarez Eduardo Chasse-odeurs pour urinoirs exempts d'eau et d'autres liquides
AU2013201917B1 (en) * 2013-03-25 2013-11-14 Azzurra Imports Pty Ltd Low flush toilet system
WO2014153594A1 (fr) * 2013-03-25 2014-10-02 Azzurra Imports Pty Ltd Système de toilettes à débit d'eau restreint
US9399863B2 (en) 2013-03-25 2016-07-26 Azzurra Imports Pty Ltd Low flush toilet system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2035416A1 (fr) 1991-08-07
FI900572A0 (fi) 1990-02-06
FI900572A7 (fi) 1991-08-07
JPH04215731A (ja) 1992-08-06

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