Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
  • C11D17/006—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets containing mainly surfactants, but no builders, e.g. syndet bar
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/123—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from carboxylic acids, e.g. sulfosuccinates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/126—Acylisethionates

Definitions

• the invention relates to solid skin cleansing, detergent compositions containing acyl isethionates.
• soap has been utilized as a skin cleanser. Soap is, however, a very harsh chemical. Irritated and cracked skin result from use of soap, especially in colder climates. There are, however, certain benefits from the use of soap including low cost, ease of manufacture into bars, and good lathering properties.
• U.S. 4,335,025 discusses synthetic detergent bars containing critical amounts of components.
• alkali metal salts of C8 ⁇ 16 alkyl sulfosuccinate together with a selected water soluble anionic detergent which may include a C10 ⁇ 16 acyl isethionate, a waxy extender such as a C12 ⁇ 22 fatty acid or alcohol and the like, and other optional extenders.
• U.S. 3,901,832 discusses a detergent bar containing a monoalkyl sulfosuccinate and a specific plasticizer in detergent cakes.
• U.S. 3,989,642 discusses a synthetic toilet bar containing selected amounts of an alkane sulfonate, a fatty acid, and a binder modifier, which may be an alkyl sulfosuccinate.
• U.S. 4,812,253 discusses various compositions containing polymeric skin mildness aids, moisturizers, soap and selected surfactants which include acyl isethionates and alkyl sulfosuccinate.
• the present invention aims to provide compositions with excellent skin mildness while also possessing good lather, mush and processing properties.
• a skin cleansing toilet bar composition comprising:
• Preferred skin cleansing compositions have acyl isethionates as the main active in combination with monoalkyl sulfosuccinates as the co-active. Such compositions can be substantially milder to the skin than previously known compositions.
• compositions within this invention may contain some free fatty acid. They may contain some free isethionate. They may contain some soap.
• a preferred solid skin cleansing composition comprises:
• Preferred weight ratios of acyl isethionate to sulfosuccinates are 6:1 to 2:1 and most preferred to maintain mildness are 2:1 to 4.5:1.
• the irritancy of the already mild main active, acyl isethionate can be reduced significantly by the incorporation of sulfosuccinates.
• the cleansers resulting from this mixture of actives have superior skin mildness together with good bar properties such as processability, low mush, good lather, and good tactile characteristics. In addition, they are easily processable using standard manufacturing equipment. In order for processability to be good, it is usually required for the composition to have an appropriate hardness and stickiness.
• Isethionate salts in the range of about C6-C18 such as those derived from coconut fatty acids, for example, have been employed in a number of commercial cleansing products and are known to produce a voluminous, creamy lather.
• This active by itself, has been shown to be very mild to the skin. These actives are solid at room temperature and serve as excellent structurants when used in bar formulations.
• the isethionate ester salts that may be employed herein are preferably acyl ester isethionates and most preferably the cocoyl ester.
• These preferred esters may be prepared from the usual cocoyl fatty acids having a small percentage of fatty acid chains below C8 with over 95% of the carbon chain distribution being between C8 and C18 and more than half being C12 or less.
• the acyl chain length of the esters will have at least about 90% C6-C18 and more than about 30% C14 or lower.
• a typical cocoyl fraction will contain:
• the sulfosuccinates useful in the invention may be any suitable sulfosuccinate esther mono-esters (half esters) or di-esters and any alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salt, but the sulfosuccinates are preferably monoesters and preferably prepared through an alkanolamine intermediate so as to introduce an amido group into the molecule.
• the sulfosuccinate monoester is prepared through a monoethanolamine intermediate.
• the most preferable sulfosuccinates are, Disodium Cocamido Monoethanolamide Sulfosuccinate of the Structure 1:
• R in Structure 1 is derived from coconut fatty acids, but in other forms may be any convenient alkyl group.
• the chain length distribution of coconut fatty acids is similar to that for the coco group on the isethionate.
• the chain length distribution will contain at least 90% of C8 to C18 with more than half made up of C8 to C14.
• a typical fatty acid distribution in the cocoyl portion is as follows:
• the sulfosuccinate of Structure 1 may conveniently be prepared by a two step reaction:
• the relative amounts of isethionate esters to sulfosuccinate will preferably lie in the weight ratio of 2:1 to 4.5:1, or even as high as 6:1, preferably from 3:1 to 4:1, optimally about 3.5:1.
• soap may be somewhat harsh and when present in the compositions of this invention should be at a level no higher than about 25%, preferably less than 5%, and advantageously totally absent.
• Free fatty acids of about 8-22 carbon atoms are desirably incorporated within the compositions of the present invention. Some of these fatty acids are present to operate as superfatting agents and others as skin feel and creaminess enhancers. Fatty alcohols, fatty amides and the like may also be employed. Superfatting agents enhance lathering properties and may be selected from fatty acids of carbon atoms numbering 8-18, preferably 10-18, in an amount up to 40% by weight of the composition. Skin feel and creaminess enhancers, the most important of which is stearic acid, are also desirably present in these compositions.
• humectants such as glycerine
• anti wear agents such as polymer JR and natural and synthetic gums and the like
• germicides perfumes, colorants, dyes, pigments such as titanium dioxide, electrolytes, and water.
• the products skin mildness properties were evaluated by comparison to Dove toilet bars (Dove is a registered trademark of Lever Brothers Co.), which are very mild commercial bars, through the following test procedure.
• the Flex Wash test procedure consists of three daily two minute washes of the antecubital fossa (flex area of elbow). This method is an "exaggerated use” method designed to differentiate very mild products. Erythemal response varies only slightly with temperature and humidity fluctuations making the protocol suitable for year round testing.
• Panelist flex areas must be free of any skin condition (eczema, dryness, irritation, cuts or abrasions).
• Any skin condition eczema, dryness, irritation, cuts or abrasions.
• An antihistamines, anti-inflammatory drugs (more than 8 per week) or topical, oral or injectable cortisone on a regular basis was excluded from the study.
• the panel was divided into two sub-groups which were balanced for left handedness. Group I was assigned composition "A" for the left flex and "B" for the right flex. Group II reversed the order.
• the panelist was instructed to moisten the left flex area, the sponge and test compositions formulated as toilet bars were dampened with tap water (100 ppm calcium/magnesium ions). The sponge was then stroked over the test bar 10 times by the evaluator. The "dosed" sponge was placed in the panelist's right hand. The panelist then washed the left flex area for exactly two minutes. Thereupon, the flex was rinsed and patted dry. This washing procedure was repeated on the right arm with the appropriate composition. Thus, both arms are tested simultaneously. Washing by this procedure was repeated three times daily for 5 consecutive days for a total of 15 washes. Treatment times were scheduled 1.5 hours apart. Each test site was evaluated immediately prior to washing and 4 hours after the third daily wash.
• Mean Rank Scores is the sum total of grade scores for 15 assessments per panelist averaged over the scores from all panelists. Thus, theoretically, the average score could range from 0 to 30; the lower score indicating absolutely no skin irritation while the 30 score being the most severe.
• Mean Endpoint Erythema scores are the mean of the evaluation scores, for each panelist, at which the first arm received a grade of "2" or greater erythema score or at the completion of fifteen washes.
• This example illustrates the difference in mildness between Dove and a toilet bar employing the Acyl Isethionate/Alkyl Sulfosuccinate active system, where the ratio of Isethionate to Sulfosuccinate is 2.20:1.
• PEG-150 a polymer of ethylene oxide
• the ratio of Cocoyl Isethionate to Amido Sulfosuccinate is 3.64:1. Mildness, superior to Dove, is proven by-the Flex Wash.
• Mush - Pre-weighed bars were immersed in water for 2 hours. The increase in weight was noted. Mush was removed and the remainder of the bar was dried. After reweighing, mush was calculated as the weight of mush per 50 cm2 of surface mushed. Lower values indicated better performance.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (7)

Citations (5)

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• 1991
  • 1991-02-04 AU AU70206/91A patent/AU637668B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1991-02-05 CA CA002035681A patent/CA2035681C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-02-07 BR BR919100525A patent/BR9100525A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1991-02-08 ZA ZA91953A patent/ZA91953B/xx unknown
  • 1991-02-08 JP JP3103994A patent/JP2975450B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-02-08 EP EP91301046A patent/EP0441652B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-02-08 DE DE69111259T patent/DE69111259T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1991-02-08 ES ES91301046T patent/ES2076462T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (5)

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