EP0442405A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'articles moulés - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'articles moulés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0442405A2
EP0442405A2 EP91101843A EP91101843A EP0442405A2 EP 0442405 A2 EP0442405 A2 EP 0442405A2 EP 91101843 A EP91101843 A EP 91101843A EP 91101843 A EP91101843 A EP 91101843A EP 0442405 A2 EP0442405 A2 EP 0442405A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
channel system
thread
nozzle
channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91101843A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0442405B1 (fr
EP0442405A3 (en
Inventor
Karl Dr. Ostertag
Gerhard Ries
Alfons Leeb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel NV
Original Assignee
Akzo NV
Akzo Nobel NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akzo NV, Akzo Nobel NV filed Critical Akzo NV
Publication of EP0442405A2 publication Critical patent/EP0442405A2/fr
Publication of EP0442405A3 publication Critical patent/EP0442405A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0442405B1 publication Critical patent/EP0442405B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for shaping threads, hollow threads, flat foils or tubular foils and the like (tubes, plates) from thread-forming substances, from a homogeneous isotropic or anisotropic, single-phase or multi-phase liquid multi-material system and a device for carrying out the method.
  • a pressure of 2.5-250 bar is set in the liquid below the nozzle and this is reduced in the course of the channel system.
  • the pressure in the course of the channel system is preferably reduced to atmospheric pressure.
  • a wavy deposit of the threads can be achieved in a simple manner in the method according to the invention by arranging a diffuser at the end of the channel system to reduce the flow velocity.
  • the thread-forming substances are cellulose, polyamides, polyesters, polypropylene, polyethylene, PVA, and similar polymers and / or copolymers, and silicate, aluminate or similar inorganic thread-forming substances, individually or in mixtures.
  • Solutions of the polymers for wet spinning come into question as single-phase systems. Suitable multi-phase systems are gels as used in gel spinning. Transitions between single-phase solutions and gels can also occur The inventive method are taken into account, which is particularly important if membrane images are sought.
  • Suitable solvents for cellulose are, for example, cuoxam, xanthate, organic solvents such as N-methyl-morpholine oxide or dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone etc., optionally with the addition of alkali and / or alkaline earth metal salts.
  • formic acid is preferred for polyamides.
  • Dichloroacetic acid or m-cresol are suitable for polyesters.
  • the liquid moving through the channel system should not loosen the thread-forming substances and should only slowly convert the multi-substance system into the solid phase. It is preferred to work with optionally cooled and / or heated water, which fulfills these requirements by selecting the temperature, possibly differently in the course of the channel system.
  • the liquid can contain a limited amount of the respective solvent or, in the case of gels, the swelling agent.
  • the setting of the flow conditions in the channel system can now be carried out in such a way that the forces to be applied to narrow the cross-section of the shaped bodies are applied gently and uniformly.
  • the cross-sectional tapering can be continued immediately after leaving the duct system or in subsequent process stages.
  • the method according to the invention enables the deformation of thread-forming substances for which such a hitherto was not possible in an economical manner, or the product properties of deformed thread-forming substances are influenced in a particularly favorable manner.
  • nylon 4 cannot be melt spun due to a lack of thermal stability. Known wet spinning processes are uneconomical because of the slow working speed. With the method according to the invention, nylon 4 can be economically formed into textile threads, formic acid being preferred as the solvent. Both acetone and water are suitable as liquids in the sewer system.
  • the polyamide threads obtained have a moisture absorption comparable to that of cotton at 20 ° C. For example, it is 6% at 65% relative humidity and 11% at 90% relative humidity.
  • Polyamide 6T (polyhexamethylene terephthalate) can be mentioned as a further polyamide, for which the process according to the invention can be used with advantage. This is deformed, for example, from a 16% solution in concentrated sulfuric acid in water or dilute sulfuric acid as a liquid in the sewer system.
  • the process according to the invention produces properties which have an advantageous effect during use.
  • the products obtained have a certain surface porosity, which results in a matt appearance.
  • the thread produced according to the invention corresponds to a conventional thread without the addition of TiO2, to which 0.4% TiO2 was added.
  • the handle is fuller and drier than conventional ones and no longer has the soapy handle familiar from polyamide 6.
  • gel spinning processes have been carried out in two stages.
  • the extrusion of the gel into a liquid is followed by a stretching process in hot gas.
  • the process according to the invention has made it possible to deform gels in a liquid, that is to say a wet spinning process.
  • a liquid which is miscible with the swelling component of the gel and which can also contain a limited amount of the swelling component to delay the solidification is selected as the liquid in the channel system.
  • the temperature of the liquid is kept above the swelling temperature of the gel.
  • polyamide 6,6 can also be formed from gels with dimethyl sulfoxide at temperatures of the liquid in the channel system of 150-190 ° C. into threads with good properties.
  • water can optionally be used with small additions of DMSO2.
  • the new process advantageously also deforms anisotropic liquid-crystalline solutions.
  • Polyaramides such as poly-para-phenylene terephthalamide are usually spun from anisotropic liquid crystalline solutions through an air gap into a precipitation bath. Due to the premature crystallization, this technology considerably hinders orientation in the direction of the thread. If this anisotropic polyaramide solution is deformed in the process according to the invention at temperatures of the liquid in the channel system of more than 130 ° C., this premature crystallization is suppressed and the mechanical properties of the aramid thread are significantly increased by improving the transverse strength.
  • Cellulose can be shaped in warm water according to the xyanthate process, so that instead of an acid bath with approx. 15% sulfuric acid, only very dilute acids are required for washing out, which reduces the environmental pollution from viscose factories.
  • Deformation of polymer mixtures from liquid multi-component systems is also possible without restriction, provided the polymer mixtures form stable solutions or gels.
  • An example of this is a mixture of 70% polyamide-6 and 30% cellulose-2-acetate in DMAC / LiCl solution.
  • membranes or porous bodies are produced by the process according to the invention, then skin formation occurs excluded and the products obtained have open surfaces. This applies in particular to porous molded articles which are produced by thermally induced phase separation of polymer solutions which separate in a liquid manner.
  • a cellulose-Cuoxam solution of the usual composition (approx. 10% cellulose, 7% NH3 3% Cu) was fed via a spinning pump after venting and filtration to a spinneret which was arranged in a channel system filled with water. In the area of the spinneret, the water was under pressure and had a temperature of 45 ° C. The water flowed through the canal system with the thread structure that formed. The overpressure reduced to atmospheric pressure.
  • the dimensions of the duct system are given in detail together with the process parameters.
  • the channel system ended at the drum circumference of a centrifuge in which the thread formed was deposited. The thread was then washed out for decoupling and any customary aftertreatments were then carried out in the centrifuge.
  • Figure 1 and Figure 2 show a simplified schematic representation of a section of embodiments of the device according to the invention.
  • the direction of flow of the thread-forming liquid multi-material system and the liquid is indicated by arrows.
  • the devices for conveying, treating and pressing the thread-forming liquid multi-material system through the nozzle openings such as pumps, vents, filters, etc., the devices for supplying and discharging the liquid to and from the channel system and for generating the desired liquid overpressure in the channel system and the devices for Storage or reception of the shaped body, for example a winding device or a centrifuge for storing thread-shaped shaped bodies, are generally known to the person skilled in the art and are not shown in the figures.
  • FIG. 1 shows the area in which a nozzle 1 with the nozzle channel 2 tapering at the end and the nozzle opening 3 opens into the channel system 4, that is to say in the liquid.
  • the channel system 4 is ring-shaped and funnel-shaped above the nozzle opening 3 and tubular below the nozzle opening 3. The fact that the channel system 4 begins above the spinneret opening 3 and the liquid above the nozzle opening 3 is fed to the channel system 4 ensures that the thread-forming substance is pressed out of the nozzle opening 3 into the liquid with a fully pronounced liquid flow.
  • the channel system 4 is designed so that any desired overpressure can be set in the area of the nozzle opening 3, ie it is closed except for the liquid supply (not shown) in the upper area and at the (not shown) outlet end for the liquid and the shaped body open. If desired, the nozzle 1 can also be surrounded by one or more heating and / or cooling jackets. The same also applies to the channel system 4. This makes it possible to run at different temperatures in the liquid in the course of the channel system. As shown in FIG. 1, the channel system 4 already has a cross section which tapers slightly in the flow direction immediately below the nozzle opening 3, which means that the flow velocity of the liquid increases accordingly and the static liquid pressure decreases accordingly.
  • FIG. 2 shows two of a plurality of nozzles 1 arranged uniformly distributed on a circle, each with a stepwise tapering nozzle channel 2 and a nozzle opening 3.
  • the channel system 4 is designed in a ring shape below the nozzle openings 3, which is achieved in that a floating, self-centering core 5 is arranged in the tube 6.
  • the core 5 extends over the entire length of the channel system 4. It may end before the end of the channel system 4, so that the section of the channel system 4 which is not filled by the core 5 is thus tubular.
  • the channel system 4 consists of sections with a constant and / or slightly tapering cross section. This can be achieved by appropriate design of the tube 6 and / or the core 5. Otherwise, what has been said for the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 applies accordingly.
  • the nozzle 1 is preferably formed as a hollow needle in the area of the nozzle opening 3.
  • hollow threads these can otherwise be configured essentially as is customary for this purpose and arranged as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
EP91101843A 1990-02-16 1991-02-09 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'articles moulés Expired - Lifetime EP0442405B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4004798 1990-02-16
DE4004798A DE4004798A1 (de) 1990-02-16 1990-02-16 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formkoerpern

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0442405A2 true EP0442405A2 (fr) 1991-08-21
EP0442405A3 EP0442405A3 (en) 1992-10-21
EP0442405B1 EP0442405B1 (fr) 1995-12-13

Family

ID=6400271

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91101843A Expired - Lifetime EP0442405B1 (fr) 1990-02-16 1991-02-09 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication d'articles moulés

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0442405B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH059803A (fr)
AT (1) ATE131547T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4004798A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2080173T3 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19515137A1 (de) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-31 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur Herstellung von Cellulose-Flachfolien
US5589125A (en) * 1992-03-17 1996-12-31 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Process of and apparatus for making cellulose mouldings
US5698151A (en) * 1993-07-01 1997-12-16 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Process of making cellulose fibres
WO1998001606A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-15 Barmag Ag Procede et dispositif de filage au mouille
US5939000A (en) * 1993-05-24 1999-08-17 Acordis Fibres (Holdings) Limited Process of making cellulose filaments
WO2002055769A1 (fr) * 2000-11-03 2002-07-18 Honeywell International Inc. Filature, traitement et applications de filaments, de rubans et de fils de nanotubes de carbone
CN118084172A (zh) * 2024-04-22 2024-05-28 潍坊宏图环保设备有限公司 一种环保型混凝土搅拌站废水处理装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3138698B1 (fr) * 2014-06-06 2018-12-26 Bridgestone Corporation Pneumatique

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE509294C (de) * 1930-10-06 Fr Kuettner Akt Ges Spinntrichter zur Herstellung von Kunstseide nach dem Streckspinnverfahren
BE368466A (fr) * 1929-07-11
DE694796C (de) * 1937-05-21 1940-08-08 I P Bemberg A G Verfahren zur Herstellung von kuenstlichen Faeden aus Kupferoxydammoniakcelluloseloesung nach dem Streckspinnverfahren im Spinntrichter
BE484348A (fr) * 1947-08-25
US3049755A (en) * 1959-08-03 1962-08-21 Asahi Chemical Ind Process and apparatus for stretch spinning cuprammonium rayon
DE1660144B1 (de) * 1964-03-25 1972-06-29 Asahi Chemical Ind Spinntrichter zum Nassstreckspinnen von Kupferammoniakseide mit hoher Geschwindigkeit
GB1130497A (en) * 1966-10-21 1968-10-16 Asahi Chemical Ind Process for the high-speed funnel spinning of viscose filaments
GB1193314A (en) * 1966-10-24 1970-05-28 Asahi Chemical Ind Funnel Spinning of Viscose Rayon Filaments
DE2056872A1 (en) * 1969-11-15 1971-05-27 Asahi Kasei Kogyo K K , Osaka (Ja pan) High speed wet spinning of synthetic fibres - or filaments from melts
US3798297A (en) * 1970-09-22 1974-03-19 Bemberg Spa Method for spinning filaments which have been regenerated from a solution of cuprammonium cellulose and filaments produced thereby
JP2603971B2 (ja) * 1987-11-09 1997-04-23 旭化成工業株式会社 流管式湿式紡糸法

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5589125A (en) * 1992-03-17 1996-12-31 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Process of and apparatus for making cellulose mouldings
US5798125A (en) * 1992-03-17 1998-08-25 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Device for the preparation of cellulose mouldings
US5968434A (en) * 1992-03-17 1999-10-19 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Process of making cellulose moldings and fibers
US5939000A (en) * 1993-05-24 1999-08-17 Acordis Fibres (Holdings) Limited Process of making cellulose filaments
US5951932A (en) * 1993-05-24 1999-09-14 Acordis Fibres (Holdings) Limited Process of making cellulose filaments
US5698151A (en) * 1993-07-01 1997-12-16 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Process of making cellulose fibres
DE19515137A1 (de) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-31 Thueringisches Inst Textil Verfahren zur Herstellung von Cellulose-Flachfolien
WO1998001606A1 (fr) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-15 Barmag Ag Procede et dispositif de filage au mouille
WO2002055769A1 (fr) * 2000-11-03 2002-07-18 Honeywell International Inc. Filature, traitement et applications de filaments, de rubans et de fils de nanotubes de carbone
US6682677B2 (en) 2000-11-03 2004-01-27 Honeywell International Inc. Spinning, processing, and applications of carbon nanotube filaments, ribbons, and yarns
US7247290B2 (en) 2000-11-03 2007-07-24 Honeywell International Inc. Spinning, processing, and applications of carbon nanotube filaments, ribbons, and yarns
CN118084172A (zh) * 2024-04-22 2024-05-28 潍坊宏图环保设备有限公司 一种环保型混凝土搅拌站废水处理装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4004798A1 (de) 1991-08-22
ATE131547T1 (de) 1995-12-15
EP0442405B1 (fr) 1995-12-13
ES2080173T3 (es) 1996-02-01
EP0442405A3 (en) 1992-10-21
DE59107049D1 (de) 1996-01-25
JPH059803A (ja) 1993-01-19

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